Summary
Creatine has reached Preclinical as its most advanced recorded development stage across any indication, and the database holds no approval for Long COVID / Post-Acute COVID Sequelae (PACVS). No registered clinical trial in this database tests Creatine specifically in Long COVID / Post-Acute COVID Sequelae (PACVS). The evidence below comes from published literature only, so any clinical signal has not yet been tested prospectively against this condition in a registered study. The literature layer holds 14 publications for this pair: 5 Cochrane reviews, 3 meta-analyses, 1 systematic review and 5 clinical trial publications. Publication years run from 2021 to 2026. Because at least one synthesis-level source exists (systematic review, meta-analysis or Cochrane review), this pair has been assessed beyond single studies, although the synthesis may concern a different indication.
The RepurpOS disease-intelligence file for Post-Acute COVID/Vaccination Syndrome ranks 675 candidate therapeutics from Open Targets, ChEMBL, DGIdb and PubMed; only a minority carry direct clinical evidence, and this page covers one of those. Spontaneous remission context recorded for the condition: Spontaneous resolution at 12 months: ~50-70% of patients; persistent symptoms at 2 years in 30-50%; severely debilitating long COVID in 10-15% at 1 year without intervention.
Evidence table
| Evidence tier | C · Preliminary |
|---|---|
| Evidence score | 35.0 (trials 0.0, literature 30.0, tier 5, approved bonus 0.0) |
| Registered trials | 0 total: 0 recruiting, 0 active / not yet recruiting, 0 completed, 0 other |
| Linked publications | 14 (5 Cochrane reviews, 5 clinical trial publications, 3 meta-analyses, 1 systematic review) |
| Agent type | Supplement |
| Development stage (any indication) | Preclinical |
| Mechanism / class | Metabolic modulation as a therapeutic strategy for post-acute vaccination syndrome (PACVS) · Halma M, Varon J · 2025 |
| Data sources | OSMF Chronic Disease Review |
How the evidence score is calculated
- Each registered trial scores by status (recruiting / active / enrolling 3, completed 2.5, not yet recruiting 2, unknown 1, terminated / withdrawn / suspended 0.5) plus a phase bonus (phase 3-4 +2, phase 2 +1, phase 1 +0.5). The trial component is capped at 30.
- Each literature item scores by design (Cochrane review 5, meta-analysis 4, systematic review 3, RCT 3, clinical trial publication 2, curated reference 1.5, other PubMed record 1). The literature component is capped at 30.
- The existing evidence tier adds 15 (A / Strong), 10 (B / Moderate), 5 (C / Preliminary) or 0 (D / Anecdotal).
- Agents approved for any indication (max clinical phase 4) add 5, because an approved agent has an established safety profile that lowers the barrier to repurposing trials.
- The score ranks what has been studied, not what works. It does not read effect sizes or directions of effect.
Registered clinical trials
No registered trial links Creatine to Long COVID / Post-Acute COVID Sequelae (PACVS) in the current OSMF trial extract.
Published literature
- Clinical trial publication Metabolic reprogramming of endothelial-related pathways in COVID-19 patients treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy: a randomized clinical trialJermakow N, Brodaczewska K, Kot J et al. · Scientific reports · 2026 · PMID 41851311
- Clinical trial publication The effects of 3-month supplementation with synbiotic on patient-reported outcomes, exercise tolerance, and brain and muscle metabolism in adult patients with post-COVID-19 chronic fatigue syndrome (STOP-FATIGUE): a randomized Placebo-controlled clinical trialRanisavljev M, Stajer V, Todorovic N et al. · European journal of nutrition · 2024 · PMID 39592468
- Clinical trial publication The effects of inspiratory muscle training on biomarkers of muscle damage in recovered COVID-19 patients after weaning from mechanical ventilationIqbal M, Hassan K, Bliss E et al. · Chronic respiratory disease · 2024 · PMID 39365635
- Clinical trial publication Eight-Week Creatine-Glucose Supplementation Alleviates Clinical Features of Long COVIDSlankamenac J, Ranisavljev M, Todorovic N et al. · Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology · 2024 · PMID 38684388
- Clinical trial publication Creatine supplementation combined with breathing exercises reduces respiratory discomfort and improves creatine status in patients with long-COVIDSlankamenac J, Ranisavljev M, Todorovic N et al. · Journal of postgraduate medicine · 2024 · PMID 38099612
- Cochrane review Prevalence of Cardiovascular Complications in Coronavirus Disease 2019 adult Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisTorabizadeh C, Iloonkashkooli R, Haghshenas H et al. · Iranian journal of medical sciences · 2023 · PMID 37791325
- Systematic review Hashimoto's thyroiditis-related myopathy in a patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection: A case report and systematic literature reviewLee ZC, Wong YJE, Ti LL et al. · Medicine · 2023 · PMID 37861476
- Cochrane review Serum biomarkers for prediction of mortality in patients with COVID-19Loomba RS, Villarreal EG, Farias JS et al. · Annals of clinical biochemistry · 2022 · PMID 33874737
- Meta-analysis A composite ranking of risk factors for COVID-19 time-to-event data from a Turkish cohortUlgen A, Cetin S, Cetin M et al. · Computational biology and chemistry · 2022 · PMID 35487152
- Meta-analysis Cystatin C, COVID-19 severity and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysisZinellu A, Mangoni AA · Journal of nephrology · 2022 · PMID 34390479
- Cochrane review Cardiac biomarkers, cardiac injury, and comorbidities associated with severe illness and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A systematic review and meta-analysisZhu Z, Wang M, Lin W et al. · Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2021 · PMID 34405950
- Cochrane review The common risk factors for progression and mortality in COVID-19 patients: a meta-analysisZhang L, Hou J, Ma FZ et al. · Archives of virology · 2021 · PMID 33797621
- Cochrane review Update on SARS-CoV-2 infection in childrenMartins MM, Prata-Barbosa A, da Cunha AJLA · Paediatrics and international child health · 2021 · PMID 33616026
- Meta-analysis Cardiac biomarkers and COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysisAn W, Kang JS, Wang Q et al. · Journal of infection and public health · 2021 · PMID 34416596
Mechanism and notes
Recorded mechanism or class: Metabolic modulation as a therapeutic strategy for post-acute vaccination syndrome (PACVS) · Halma M, Varon J · 2025.
OSMF's existing evidence tier for this pair is C (Preliminary), derived from the strength of the disease association recorded in OSMF Chronic Disease Review. The tier describes how well the drug-disease link is documented, not how well the drug works.
Frequently asked questions
Is Creatine approved for Long COVID / Post-Acute COVID Sequelae (PACVS)?
Creatine has reached Preclinical as its most advanced recorded development stage across any indication, and the database holds no approval for Long COVID / Post-Acute COVID Sequelae (PACVS). Approval status for the specific indication should always be confirmed with the relevant regulator and prescribing information.
Is Creatine in clinical trials for Long COVID / Post-Acute COVID Sequelae (PACVS)?
No registered clinical trial in this database tests Creatine specifically in Long COVID / Post-Acute COVID Sequelae (PACVS). The evidence below comes from published literature only, so any clinical signal has not yet been tested prospectively against this condition in a registered study.
What does the evidence show for Creatine in Long COVID / Post-Acute COVID Sequelae (PACVS)?
Synthesis-level literature links Creatine to Long COVID / Post-Acute COVID Sequelae (PACVS), but no registered trial in this database tests the pair, so the evidence is observational, pooled from other indications, or pre-dates registry practice. OSMF's existing evidence tier for this pair is C (Preliminary), derived from the strength of the disease association recorded in OSMF Chronic Disease Review. The tier describes how well the drug-disease link is documented, not how well the drug works.
Cite this page
Data: ClinicalTrials.gov, PubMed, Open Targets, ChEMBL, DGIdb and the OSMF therapeutic agent database. Last updated 2026-07-05. Page built 2026-10-07.