Lyme Disease / Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome (PTLDS)

Disease overview

Alterations

127

Molecular (A)

100

Clinical (B–E)

Direct drugs

Via biomarker

107

Natural agents

Natural products

Merged ranked

113

With trial/literature evidence

Sources: Open Targets, HPO, ClinicalTrials.gov, DGIdb, ChEMBL, PubMed Literature, Examine.com, PubMed NP Literature · Pipeline phase 7 · Updated 2026-07-06

Remission & chronicity

Spontaneous remission

Acute Lyme: spontaneous resolution in some untreated patients but dissemination and late manifestations develop; PTLDS (persistent symptoms after adequate antibiotics): affects 10-20% of patients; spontaneous resolution of PTLDS in 50-60% by 6 months

Best-intervention remission

Acute Lyme: 14-21 day doxycycline achieves 80-95% cure; PTLDS: no treatment shown superior to placebo in 4 large RCTs; prolonged antibiotic therapy (IDSA-condemned) not effective; symptom management only

Drug-free remission

—

Relapse after remission

—

Chronicity

—

Gap size

Large for PTLDS — the field lacks an evidence-based treatment and has been mired in controversy over mechanism and management

Primary barrier

biological (PTLDS mechanism uncertain) + framing (controversy)

Barrier detail: PTLDS treatment is one of the most contentious areas in medicine; IDSA position (no benefit of prolonged antibiotics) vs ILADS position (chronic infection requiring extended treatment) — RCTs support IDSA; the patient experience of persistent symptoms is real but the mechanism may not be ongoing active infection; this creates a significant care gap for suffering patients

Last SoC change: 2020 — IDSA/AAN/ACR joint guidelines updated (no significant change in management; prolonged antibiotics explicitly not recommended); ongoing NIH investment in PTLDS mechanism research post-COVID-19 analogy with Long COVID

Remission data layers: disease_db_100 · source-locked manual data · confidence: high

Identifiers: MONDO: MONDO:0019632

Alterations

Showing 80 of 127 · Types A (molecular) through E (functional)

Hide alterations without a value (no direction or frequency)

Name	Type	Subtype	Direction	Frequency	Evidence	Sources	Links
Amaurosis fugax	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Arrhythmia	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Arthralgia	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Arthritis	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Atrioventricular block	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Atypical behavior	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Cranial nerve paralysis	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Dermal atrophy	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Fatigue	Functional	Functional test	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Fever	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Headache	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Infectious encephalitis	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Insomnia	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Joint swelling	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Memory impairment	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Meningitis	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Muscle weakness	Functional	Functional test	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Myalgia	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Nausea and vomiting	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Paresthesia	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Peripheral neuropathy	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Photophobia	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Skin nodule	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Uveitis	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
ABCC9 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 9	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ABHD12 abhydrolase domain containing 12, lysophospholipase	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
AFG3L2 AFG3 like matrix AAA peptidase subunit 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
AIRE autoimmune regulator	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
AKAP10 A-kinase anchoring protein 10	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ASRGL1 asparaginase and isoaspartyl peptidase 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
AWAT2 acyl-CoA wax alcohol acyltransferase 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
BMP4 bone morphogenetic protein 4	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CACNA1D calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 D	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CCDC85B coiled-coil domain containing 85B	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CCL2 C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CCR5 C-C motif chemokine receptor 5	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CD163 CD163 molecule	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CD40LG CD40 ligand	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CD79A CD79a molecule	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CFH complement factor H	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CHD7 chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 7	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CHRNB2 cholinergic receptor nicotinic beta 2 subunit	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CLP1 cleavage factor polyribonucleotide kinase subunit 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CRP C-reactive protein	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CSGALNACT1 chondroitin sulfate N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CSTB cystatin B	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CTNNB1 catenin beta 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CXCL10 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CXCL13 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 13	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CXCL9 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
DES desmin	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
DNAJC5 DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C5	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
DST dystonin	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
EDA ectodysplasin A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
EEF1A1 eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ELP1 elongator acetyltransferase complex subunit 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
FAM114A1 family with sequence similarity 114 member A1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
FAR2 fatty acyl-CoA reductase 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
FIG4 FIG4 phosphoinositide 5-phosphatase	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
FIGN fidgetin, microtubule severing factor	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
FKRP fukutin related protein	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GAA alpha glucosidase	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GAS7 growth arrest specific 7	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GMPPA GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GMTs (Geometric Mean Titers) for IgG (Immunoglobulin G) Against Each OspA (Outer Surface Protein A) Serotype (ST1 to ST6)	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
GNPTAB N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate transferase subunits alpha and beta	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
HLA-DRB1 major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
HTR2A 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
IFNG interferon gamma	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
IL10 interleukin 10	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
IL18 interleukin 18	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
IL1B interleukin 1 beta	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
IL6 interleukin 6	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
INCENP inner centromere protein	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
KCNA1 potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
KIF1B kinesin family member 1B	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
LAMA2 laminin subunit alpha 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
LYST lysosomal trafficking regulator	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
MAP1B microtubule associated protein 1B	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
MDGA2 MAM domain containing glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets

Therapeutics

Direct disease associations, biomarker-linked drugs, OSMF narrative-review natural agents, and merged ranking. Only agents with registry trials or published clinical literature are shown by default.

Show agents without direct trial evidence

Drug	Type	Phase	Evidence	Score	Price (UK / US)	Trials & literature	Sources	Links
ACETAZOLAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £3–£8 / 28–56 tabs · US $8–$15 / 30 tabs	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ADALIMUMAB Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	2 pubs View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
ALPROSTADIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
AMLODIPINE BENZOATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMLODIPINE BESYLATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMLODIPINE MALEATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMPHETAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ATORVASTATIN CALCIUM TRIHYDRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £1–£4 / 28 tabs · US $5–$12 / 30–90 tabs	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
BEPRIDIL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
BICALUTAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CALASPARGASE PEGOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
CARBACHOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CELECOXIB Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CINNARIZINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CIPROFLOXACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CISPLATIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Hospital / IV specialty — prices per vial or dose (often hundreds–thousands USD/GBP)	—	DGIdb	—
CLEVIDIPINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
CLOMIPRAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DAUNORUBICIN LIPOSOMAL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
DEXMEDETOMIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
DIAZEPAM Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £1–£3 / 28 tabs · US $3–$8 / 30 tabs	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DICHLORPHENAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIETHYLSTILBESTROL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DILTIAZEM HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DILTIAZEM MALATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DOCETAXEL ANHYDROUS Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Hospital / IV specialty — prices per vial or dose (often hundreds–thousands USD/GBP)	—	DGIdb	—
DOXORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Hospital / IV specialty — prices per vial or dose (often hundreds–thousands USD/GBP)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
DRONEDARONE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPIRUBICIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Hospital / IV specialty — prices per vial or dose (often hundreds–thousands USD/GBP)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ETHOXZOLAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FELODIPINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
FENOFIBRATE MICRONIZED Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
FLUMAZENIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FLUOROURACIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
FLUTICASONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
GABAPENTIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£5 / 28–100 tabs · US $5–$12 / 30–90 tabs	—	DGIdb	—
GABAPENTIN ENACARBIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£5 / 28–100 tabs · US $5–$12 / 30–90 tabs	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
GLATIRAMER Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
GLIMEPIRIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
IMATINIB Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
IMIPRAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
INDAPAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
INDOMETHACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ISRADIPINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
LEVAMLODIPINE MALEATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
MAFENIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MARAVIROC Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
MECAMYLAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHAZOLAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets

Drug	Type	Phase	Evidence	Score	Price (UK / US)	Sources	Links
CEFTRIAXONE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DOXYCYCLINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TETRACYCLINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PSILOCYBIN	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ACYCLOVIR	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DEMECLOCYCLINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets

Drug	Type	Phase	Evidence	Score	Price (UK / US)	Trials & literature	Sources	Links
ACETAZOLAMIDE Repurposing via ABCC9	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £3–£8 / 28–56 tabs · US $8–$15 / 30 tabs	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ADALIMUMAB Repurposing via CD40LG	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	2 pubs View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
ALPROSTADIL Repurposing via CD40LG	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
AMLODIPINE BENZOATE Repurposing via CACNA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMLODIPINE BESYLATE Repurposing via CACNA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMLODIPINE MALEATE Repurposing via CACNA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMPHETAMINE Repurposing via ABCC9	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ATORVASTATIN CALCIUM TRIHYDRATE Repurposing via CD40LG	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £1–£4 / 28 tabs · US $5–$12 / 30–90 tabs	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
BEPRIDIL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via CACNA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
BICALUTAMIDE Repurposing via ABCC9	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CALASPARGASE PEGOL Repurposing via ASRGL1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
CARBACHOL Repurposing via ABCC9	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CELECOXIB Repurposing via CACNA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CINNARIZINE Repurposing via CACNA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CIPROFLOXACIN Repurposing via ABCC9	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CISPLATIN Repurposing via CCL2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Hospital / IV specialty — prices per vial or dose (often hundreds–thousands USD/GBP)	—	DGIdb	—
CLEVIDIPINE Repurposing via CACNA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
CLOMIPRAMINE Repurposing via ABCC9	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DAUNORUBICIN LIPOSOMAL Repurposing via ABCC9	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
DEXMEDETOMIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ABCC9	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
DIAZEPAM Repurposing via ABCC9	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £1–£3 / 28 tabs · US $3–$8 / 30 tabs	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DICHLORPHENAMIDE Repurposing via ABCC9	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIETHYLSTILBESTROL Repurposing via ABCC9	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DILTIAZEM HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via CACNA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DILTIAZEM MALATE Repurposing via CACNA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DOCETAXEL ANHYDROUS Repurposing via CCL2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Hospital / IV specialty — prices per vial or dose (often hundreds–thousands USD/GBP)	—	DGIdb	—
DOXORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ABCC9	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Hospital / IV specialty — prices per vial or dose (often hundreds–thousands USD/GBP)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
DRONEDARONE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via CACNA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPIRUBICIN Repurposing via ABCC9	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Hospital / IV specialty — prices per vial or dose (often hundreds–thousands USD/GBP)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ETHOXZOLAMIDE Repurposing via ABCC9	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FELODIPINE Repurposing via CACNA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
FENOFIBRATE MICRONIZED Repurposing via CD40LG	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
FLUMAZENIL Repurposing via ABCC9	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FLUOROURACIL Repurposing via CCL2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
FLUTICASONE Repurposing via CD163	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
GABAPENTIN Repurposing via CACNA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£5 / 28–100 tabs · US $5–$12 / 30–90 tabs	—	DGIdb	—
GABAPENTIN ENACARBIL Repurposing via CACNA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£5 / 28–100 tabs · US $5–$12 / 30–90 tabs	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
GLATIRAMER Repurposing via CCR5	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
GLIMEPIRIDE Repurposing via ABCC9	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
IMATINIB Repurposing via CD40LG	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—

Natural Products

38 natural products with the same evidence schema as repurposed drugs — registry trials, PubMed literature, and reference links (pipeline-ranked). Only agents with direct clinical evidence are shown by default.

Reference lookups: Examine.com

Show agents without direct trial evidence

Drug	Type	Phase	Evidence	Score	Price (UK / US)	Trials & literature	Links
Vitamin D3 Natural product Animal Study Vitamin D prevent the progression to severe arthritis in mice exposed t… In Vitro Study Phytochemicals and micronutrients may enhance efficacy of doxycycline i… Human Study Vitamin A and E levels are significantly lower in persons with anti-bor…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	10	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	PubChem
Vitamin E Natural product Human Study Vitamin A and E levels are significantly lower in persons with anti-bor… Animal Study Vitamin A deficiency exacerbates Lyme-caused arthritis in mice. Animal Study Vitamin D prevent the progression to severe arthritis in mice exposed t…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	10	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	1 pubs View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	PubChem
Garlic Natural product Review A comprehensive review of herbal supplements used for persistent sympto…	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	10	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	2 pubs View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	PubChem
Peppermint Natural product Review A comprehensive review of herbal supplements used for persistent sympto…	Botanical	Preclinical	Emerging	10	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	1 pubs View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	—
Vitamin C Natural product In Vitro Study Phytochemicals and micronutrients may enhance efficacy of doxycycline i… Human Study Vitamin A and E levels are significantly lower in persons with anti-bor… Animal Study Vitamin A deficiency exacerbates Lyme-caused arthritis in mice.	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	10	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	1 pubs View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	PubChem
L-Carnitine Natural product Human Study Lyme borreliosis patients exhibit a significant decrease of their serum…	Amino acid	Preclinical	Emerging	7	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	PubChem
Andrographis Natural product Review A comprehensive review of herbal supplements used for persistent sympto…	Botanical	Preclinical	Emerging	7	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	2 pubs View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	PubChem
Astragalus Natural product Review A comprehensive review of herbal supplements used for persistent sympto…	TCM herb	Preclinical	Emerging	7	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	1 pubs View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	—
Cordyceps Natural product Review A comprehensive review of herbal supplements used for persistent sympto…	Mushroom	Preclinical	Emerging	7	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	1 pubs View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	—
Reishi Natural product Review A comprehensive review of herbal supplements used for persistent sympto…	Mushroom	Preclinical	Emerging	7	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	1 pubs View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	—
Grape Seed Extract Natural product In Vitro Study Grapefruit Seed Extract is a Powerful in vitro Agent Against Motile and…	Botanical	Preclinical	Emerging	7	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	—
Curcumin Natural product In Vitro Study Identification of essential oils with strong activity against stationar…	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	7	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	PubChem
Cinnamon Natural product In Vitro Study Selective essential oils from spice or culinary herbs have high activit…	Botanical	Preclinical	Emerging	7	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	2 pubs View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	PubChem
Edta (Synthetic Amino Acid Compound) Natural product Human Study Vitamin A and E levels are significantly lower in persons with anti-bor… Animal Study Vitamin A deficiency exacerbates Lyme-caused arthritis in mice. In Vitro Study Grapefruit Seed Extract is a Powerful in vitro Agent Against Motile and…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	—
Psilocybin Natural product Human Study Pilot study of psilocybin in patients with post-treatment lyme disease. Human Study The effectiveness of microdosed psilocybin in the treatment of neuropsy…	Nutraceutical	Phase I	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	1 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT05305105 — Effects of Psilocybin in Post-Treatment Lyme Disease (COMPLETED) PHASE1 CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	—
Vitamin a Natural product Human Study Vitamin A and E levels are significantly lower in persons with anti-bor… Animal Study Vitamin A deficiency exacerbates Lyme-caused arthritis in mice. Animal Study Vitamin D prevent the progression to severe arthritis in mice exposed t…	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	PubChem
Oregano Natural product Review A comprehensive review of herbal supplements used for persistent sympto… In Vitro Study Selective essential oils from spice or culinary herbs have high activit…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	—
Thyme Natural product Review A comprehensive review of herbal supplements used for persistent sympto… In Vitro Study Identification of essential oils with strong activity against stationar…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	3 pubs View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	—
Wormwood Natural product Review A comprehensive review of herbal supplements used for persistent sympto… In Vitro Study Evaluation of natural and botanical medicines for activity against grow…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	2 pubs View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	—
Cistus Natural product In Vitro Study Cistus creticus extract has a growth inhibitory effect against Borrelia… In Vitro Study Evaluation of natural and botanical medicines for activity against grow…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	2 pubs View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	—
Stevia Natural product In Vitro Study Evaluation of natural and botanical medicines for activity against grow… In Vitro Study Stevia leaf extract could be considered as an effective agent against B…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	—
Flavonoids Natural product Human Study Pycnogenol® intake for 6 months in patients with persistent symptoms of…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	—
Chinese Skullcap Natural product Review A comprehensive review of herbal supplements used for persistent sympto…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	—
Lemon Balm Natural product Review A comprehensive review of herbal supplements used for persistent sympto…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	—
Bee Venom Natural product In Vitro Study Bee venom or melittin could be an effective antimicrobial agent for Lym…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	—
Black Walnut Natural product In Vitro Study Evaluation of natural and botanical medicines for activity against grow…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	—
Cat's Claw Natural product In Vitro Study Evaluation of natural and botanical medicines for activity against grow…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	—
Skullcap: Chinese Natural product In Vitro Study Evaluation of natural and botanical medicines for activity against grow…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	—
Cinnamaldehyde Natural product In Vitro Study Identification of essential oils with strong activity against stationar…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	—
Eucalyptus Natural product In Vitro Study Identification of essential oils with strong activity against stationar…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	—
Lemongrass Natural product In Vitro Study Identification of essential oils with strong activity against stationar…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	—
Myrrh Natural product In Vitro Study Identification of essential oils with strong activity against stationar…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	—
Onion Natural product In Vitro Study Identification of essential oils with strong activity against stationar…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	—
Baicalein Natural product In Vitro Study Phytochemicals and micronutrients may enhance efficacy of doxycycline i…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	—
Iodine Natural product In Vitro Study Phytochemicals and micronutrients may enhance efficacy of doxycycline i…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	—
Luteolin Natural product In Vitro Study Phytochemicals and micronutrients may enhance efficacy of doxycycline i…	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	PubChem
Rosmarinic Acid Natural product In Vitro Study Phytochemicals and micronutrients may enhance efficacy of doxycycline i…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	—
Clove Natural product In Vitro Study Selective essential oils from spice or culinary herbs have high activit…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	—

Alterations and therapeutics are aggregated from public databases (Open Targets, HPO, ChEMBL, DGIdb, and others). Natural agents are candidates from OSMF narrative reviews on opensourcemed.info/chronic-disease.html — not approved treatments. This page is for research orientation only — not medical advice.

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