Stroke (Ischaemic / Cerebrovascular Disease)

Disease overview

Alterations

112

Molecular (A)

100

Clinical (B–E)

Direct drugs

253

Via biomarker

325

Natural agents

Natural products

Merged ranked

577

With trial/literature evidence

Sources: Open Targets, HPO, ClinicalTrials.gov, DGIdb, ChEMBL, PubMed MeSH, PubMed Literature, PubMed NP · Pipeline phase 7 · Updated 2026-07-05

Remission & chronicity

Spontaneous remission

Spontaneous early neurological improvement in 10-20% within 24 hours of ischaemic stroke without intervention; functional independence at 3 months in only 40-50% without revascularisation; 15% 30-day mortality untreated

Best-intervention remission

IV thrombolysis (tPA/tenecteplase) within 4.5 hours: increases odds of favourable outcome by 30%; thrombectomy for large vessel occlusion within 24 hours: 46% functional independence vs 27% control (DAWN/DEFUSE); combined thrombolysis + thrombectomy: best outcomes in eligible patients

Drug-free remission

—

Relapse after remission

—

Chronicity

—

Gap size

Very large — enormous treatment gap; only 2-15% of eligible patients receive thrombolysis; <5% receive thrombectomy worldwide

Primary barrier

access/practice

Barrier detail: The 4.5-hour and 24-hour time windows are frequently missed due to delayed recognition, delayed presentation, or lack of stroke centre access; in-hospital treatment delays add further losses; secondary prevention (antihypertensives, statins, anticoagulation for AF) chronically underprescribed post-stroke

Last SoC change: 2023 — tenecteplase replacing tPA as preferred thrombolytic; 2024 extended thrombectomy window up to 24 hours (DAWN, DEFUSE 3); 2019 ARISE II positive for mobile stroke units; tPA established 1996 (unchanged 27 years as the backbone); thrombectomy evidence since 2015

Remission data layers: disease_db_100 · source-locked manual data · confidence: high

Identifiers: MONDO: MONDO:1060198 · MESH: D020521 · UMLS_CUI: C0948008

Alterations

112 total · Types A (molecular) through E (functional)

Hide alterations without a value (no direction or frequency)

Name	Type	Subtype	Direction	Frequency	Evidence	Sources	Links
Childhood onset	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Transient	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
ABO ABO, alpha 1-3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase and alpha 1-3-galactosyltransferase	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ACE angiotensin I converting enzyme	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADRA1A adrenoceptor alpha 1A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADRA1B adrenoceptor alpha 1B	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADRA1D adrenoceptor alpha 1D	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADRB1 adrenoceptor beta 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADRB2 adrenoceptor beta 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ALDH2 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ALOX5AP arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase activating protein	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
APOE apolipoprotein E	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
APP amyloid beta precursor protein	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ATP4A ATPase H+/K+ transporting subunit alpha	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ATP4B ATPase H+/K+ transporting subunit beta	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
Barthel Index	Scales & PROs	Clinical scale	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
CASZ1 castor zinc finger 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CDKN2B cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2B	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CLEC4M C-type lectin domain family 4 member M	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
COL3A1 collagen type III alpha 1 chain	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
COL4A1 collagen type IV alpha 1 chain	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
COL4A2 collagen type IV alpha 2 chain	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
COL6A3 collagen type VI alpha 3 chain	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CPS1 carbamoyl-phosphate synthase 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CUX2 cut like homeobox 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CXCL8 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
F10 coagulation factor X	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
F11 coagulation factor XI	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
F2 coagulation factor II, thrombin	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
F5 coagulation factor V	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
FBN1 fibrillin 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
FGA fibrinogen alpha chain	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
FGB fibrinogen beta chain	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
FGF5 fibroblast growth factor 5	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
FOXF2 forkhead box F2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
FURIN furin, paired basic amino acid cleaving enzyme	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRB3 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit beta3	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRD gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit delta	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRG2 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit gamma2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRQ gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit theta	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GLA galactosidase alpha	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GLP1R glucagon like peptide 1 receptor	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRK5 G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
HDAC9 histone deacetylase 9	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
HECTD4 HECT domain E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 4	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	Ensembl Open Targets
HMGCR 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
HNF4A hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
IL1RN interleukin 1 receptor antagonist	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
IL4 interleukin 4	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
IL6R interleukin 6 receptor	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ITGA2B integrin subunit alpha 2b	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ITGB3 integrin subunit beta 3	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
Improved reperfusion	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
KNG1 kininogen 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
LAMC1 laminin subunit gamma 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
LDLR low density lipoprotein receptor	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
MARCHF1 membrane associated ring-CH-type finger 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
MMP12 matrix metallopeptidase 12	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
MTHFR methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
Mortality	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
NOTCH3 notch receptor 3	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
NR3C1 nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
Occurrence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhages (sICH)	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
P2RY12 purinergic receptor P2Y12	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE10A phosphodiesterase 10A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE1A phosphodiesterase 1A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE1B phosphodiesterase 1B	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE1C phosphodiesterase 1C	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE2A phosphodiesterase 2A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE3A phosphodiesterase 3A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE3B phosphodiesterase 3B	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE4A phosphodiesterase 4A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE4B phosphodiesterase 4B	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE4C phosphodiesterase 4C	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE4D phosphodiesterase 4D	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE5A phosphodiesterase 5A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE6A phosphodiesterase 6A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE6B phosphodiesterase 6B	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE6C phosphodiesterase 6C	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE6D phosphodiesterase 6D	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE6G phosphodiesterase 6G	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE6H phosphodiesterase 6H	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE7A phosphodiesterase 7A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE7B phosphodiesterase 7B	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE8A phosphodiesterase 8A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE8B phosphodiesterase 8B	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE9A phosphodiesterase 9A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PITX2 paired like homeodomain 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PLAT plasminogen activator, tissue type	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PLAU plasminogen activator, urokinase	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PLG plasminogen	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PRKCH protein kinase C eta	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PROCR protein C receptor	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PTGS1 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PTGS2 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PTPN11 protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 11	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
Parenchymal hematoma type 2 (SIST-MOST)	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
Proportion of mRS (0-1)	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
SCARA5 scavenger receptor class A member 5	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SERPINC1 serpin family C member 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SH2B3 SH2B adaptor protein 3	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SH3PXD2A SH3 and PX domains 2A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SLC29A1 solute carrier family 29 member 1 (Augustine blood group)	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
STXBP5 syntaxin binding protein 5	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SWAP70 switching B cell complex subunit SWAP70	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
Safety (Including Endpoints Such an Increase NIHSS During or Immediately After ECP, and Acute Hemorrhage on Repeating Imaging, Serious Adverse Events Related to ECP, Mortality)	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
Successful recanalization rate within three-times aspiration	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
TSKU tsukushi, small leucine rich proteoglycan	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
VWF von Willebrand factor	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ZNF475 zinc finger protein 475	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
death rate；average hospital day；cost of hospitalization	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
gait/functional test	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—

Therapeutics

Direct disease associations, biomarker-linked drugs, OSMF narrative-review natural agents, and merged ranking. Only agents with registry trials or published clinical literature are shown by default.

Show agents without direct trial evidence

Drug	Type	Phase	Evidence	Score	Price (UK / US)	Trials & literature	Sources	Links
ALTEPLASE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	105	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	8 trials 75 Cochrane 134 Meta-analysis 329 Trial pubs 278 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT05626972 — Tenecteplase Compared to Alteplase for Patients With Large Vesel Oclusion Suspicion Before Thrombectomy (UNKNOWN) PHASE3 NCT03997292 — Intravenous Thrombolysis Registry for Acute Ischemic Stroke in China (WITHDRAWN) NCT05395338 — 1-year Clinical Outcomes in Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator (Rt-PA) Treated Chinese Acute Ischaemic Stroke (AIS) Patients (COMPLETED) NCT05644938 — Optimizing Door-to-reperfusion Times of One-stop Management in Acute Ischemic Stroke (UNKNOWN) NA NCT05395351 — Alteplase in Elderly Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS) Patients During Hospitalization (COMPLETED) NCT06018181 — Outcomes After Intravenous Alteplase / Tenecteplase With or Without Shuxuetong Injection in Routine Clinical Practice (COMPLETED) NCT03392792 — Regisry of the Stroke Patients in Assiut University Hospital (UNKNOWN) NA NCT01220739 — Safety of Rt-PA + Transcranial Emission of Low-Energy Lasers for Acute Stroke Recovery (TERMINATED) PHASE2 Published literature Cochrane review Comparative efficacy and safety between intravenous recombinant human prourokinase and alteplase in acute ischemic stroke treatment: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (Minerva medica, 2026) Cochrane review Relationship between blood pressure level with prognosis of acute ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis (BMC neurology, 2026) Cochrane review Safety and Efficacy of Thrombolysis Prior to Thrombectomy in Large-Vessel Acute Ischemic Stroke: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (The American journal of cardiology, 2026) Cochrane review Intravenous thrombolysis versus standard medical therapy in minor stroke patients with large vessel severe stenosis or occlusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis (BMC medicine, 2026) Cochrane review Tenecteplase versus alteplase for acute ischemic stroke (The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2026) Meta-analysis Cost-Effectiveness of Thrombectomy With or Without Alteplase in Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke: A Meta-Analysis Considering Time-to-Treatment (Neurology, 2026) Systematic review Efficacy, safety and dosing of intravenous alteplase administered beyond 4.5 hours for ischemic stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis (The International journal of neuroscience, 2026) Clinical trial publication Predictors and Consequences of Serious Adverse Events in Patients Treated With Thrombolysis: A Prespecified Secondary Analysis of the AcT Trial (Journal of the American Heart Association, 2026) Clinical trial publication Association of 24-Hour Computed Tomography Infarct Density on Functional Outcomes in Stroke: Secondary Analysis From the AcT Trial (Journal of the American Heart Association, 2026) Clinical trial publication Effect of time on reperfusion in acute ischemic stroke treated with thrombolysis within the 4.5-hour window: a secondary analysis of the AcT Trial (Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association, 2026) Clinical trial publication Adjunctive Intra-Arterial Alteplase After Successful Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: The CHOICE-2 Randomized Clinical Trial (JAMA, 2026) Clinical trial publication Efficacy and Safety of Reteplase Versus Alteplase in Acute Ischemic Stroke Based on Fibrinogen Levels: The RAISE Trial Subgroup (Journal of the American Heart Association, 2026) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ASPIRIN	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	105	UK Very low cost · US Very low cost	8 trials 185 Cochrane 293 Meta-analysis 776 Trial pubs 668 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT06316570 — Ticagrelor With Aspirin Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Combined With Intravenous Thrombolysis for Ischemic Stroke (COMPLETED) PHASE3 NCT00691314 — Efficacy and Safety of Stent Implantation in Symptomatic Extra- and Intracranial Artery Stenosis (COMPLETED) NA NCT00966316 — Establishment and Evaluation to the Effects of a Clinical Pathway for Acute Ischemic Stroke (COMPLETED) PHASE4 NCT06899399 — Efficacy and Safety Study of Endovascular Treatment of Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis (RECRUITING) NA NCT05507645 — ProUrokinase for Mild Ischemic Cerebrovascular Events (PUMICE) (COMPLETED) PHASE3 NCT06683300 — Drug Eluting Stenting and Short Dual Antiplatelet Therapy for Preventing Recurrent Stroke in Vertebral Stenosis Registry Study (NOT_YET_RECRUITING) NCT06591377 — Combining Aspirin With Ticagrelor or Cilostazol in Large-vessel Minor Stroke or TIA (RECRUITING) PHASE3 NCT03186456 — The Safety and Efficacy of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells (19#iSCLife®-ACI) in the Treatment of Acute Cerebral Infarction (SUSPENDED) PHASE1 Published literature Cochrane review Optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy for secondary stroke prevention: A systematic review and meta-analysis (Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia, 2026) Cochrane review Aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for preventing colorectal cancer and colorectal adenoma in the general population (The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2026) Cochrane review Efficacy, Safety, and Net Clinical Benefit of Post-Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Anticoagulation (Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE, 2026) Cochrane review Aspirin plus clopidogrel versus aspirin alone in patients with mild-to-moderate stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis (Medicine, 2025) Cochrane review Impact of dual antiplatelet therapy within 72 hours post mild ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack: meta-analysis (Brain injury, 2026) Meta-analysis Safety and efficacy of ticagrelor plus aspirin vs. aspirin monotherapy in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: A meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis (Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis, 2026) Meta-analysis Antiplatelet dilemma: Clopidogrel or aspirin for long-term cardiovascular protection after dual antiplatelet therapy following PCI (Medicine, 2026) Systematic review Switching From Aspirin Monotherapy After Noncardioembolic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis (Stroke, 2026) Systematic review Effectiveness and safety of different antiplatelet therapies for minor ischemic stroke or high-risk transient ischemic attack: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (International journal of clinical pharmacy, 2025) Clinical trial publication Dual Antiplatelet Therapy and Immediate Intensive Statin in Mild Ischemic Stroke: A Randomized Trial (Neurology, 2026) Clinical trial publication The effect of dose of aspirin in high-risk TIA and minor ischemic stroke patients receiving dual antiplatelet medication (Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association, 2026) Clinical trial publication Ticagrelor with aspirin dual antiplatelet therapy combined with intravenous thrombolysis in patients with ischaemic stroke in China (TAPIS): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial (Lancet (London, England), 2026) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIPYRIDAMOLE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	105	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	8 trials 23 Cochrane 32 Meta-analysis 60 Trial pubs 48 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT06899399 — Efficacy and Safety Study of Endovascular Treatment of Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis (RECRUITING) NA NCT01947959 — Study of Rivaroxaban Use and Potential Adverse Outcomes in Routine Clinical Practice (Germany) (COMPLETED) NCT00562588 — EARLY 3-months Aggrenox Treatment Started Within 24 Hrs of Ischemic Stroke Onset vs. After One Week 100 mg ASA (COMPLETED) PHASE4 NCT00465270 — Patent Foramen Ovale Closure or Medical Therapy After Stroke - RESPECT Trial (COMPLETED) NA NCT06983795 — Pioneering Advancements in Cardiocerebrovascular Interactions in the Asia pacFIC - Patent Foramen Ovale Study (NOT_YET_RECRUITING) NCT00562289 — Patent Foramen Ovale Closure or Anticoagulants Versus Antiplatelet Therapy to Prevent Stroke Recurrence (COMPLETED) PHASE3 NCT06549582 — Th Tl Xb Prescription on Reprogramming of Lipid Metabolism and Endothelial Injury for Cerebral Infarction Patients (NOT_YET_RECRUITING) NA NCT01947998 — Study of Rivaroxaban Use and Potential Adverse Outcomes in Routine Clinical Pratice (UK) (COMPLETED) Published literature Cochrane review Impact of dual antiplatelet therapy within 72 hours post mild ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack: meta-analysis (Brain injury, 2026) Cochrane review Antiplatelet versus anticoagulation treatment for people with heart failure in sinus rhythm (The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2025) Cochrane review Acute treatment and secondary prevention for patients with minor stroke or transient ischemic attack: A Bayesian network meta-analysis (European stroke journal, 2025) Cochrane review Efficacy and safety of edaravone combined with Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Dipyridamole in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction: A systematic review and meta-analysis (Medicine, 2024) Cochrane review Antiplatelet therapy for secondary prevention of lacunar stroke: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2023) Systematic review Contemporary antiplatelet therapy for secondary stroke prevention: a narrative review of current literature and guidelines (Stroke and vascular neurology, 2022) Systematic review Antiplatelet drugs for secondary prevention in patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (BMC neurology, 2021) Clinical trial publication Bleeding with intensive versus guideline antiplatelet therapy in acute cerebral ischaemia (Scientific reports, 2023) Clinical trial publication Effects of Dose Titration on Dipyridamole-Induced Headache: A Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial (Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2022) Clinical trial publication Comparison of Antiplatelet Therapies for Prevention of Patent Foramen Ovale-Associated Stroke (Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association, 2020) Clinical trial publication Triple versus guideline antiplatelet therapy to prevent recurrence after acute ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack: the TARDIS RCT (Health technology assessment (Winchester, England), 2018) Clinical trial publication Antiplatelet therapy with aspirin, clopidogrel, and dipyridamole versus clopidogrel alone or aspirin and dipyridamole in patients with acute cerebral ischaemia (TARDIS): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 superiority trial (Lancet (London, England), 2018) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
SIMVASTATIN	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	105	UK £1–£3 / 28 tabs · US $4–$10 / 30–90 tabs	8 trials 7 Cochrane 14 Meta-analysis 33 Trial pubs 27 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT00691314 — Efficacy and Safety of Stent Implantation in Symptomatic Extra- and Intracranial Artery Stenosis (COMPLETED) NA NCT00080275 — Evaluation of the Safety & Efficacy of a Combination of Niacin ER & Simvastatin in Patients With Dyslipidemia (OCEANS) (COMPLETED) PHASE3 NCT01073007 — Stroke Treatment With Acute Reperfusion and Simvastatin (COMPLETED) PHASE4 NCT00120289 — Niacin Plus Statin to Prevent Vascular Events (TERMINATED) PHASE3 NCT06785740 — Statins in Frail Older Patients with Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack - the Prospective Cohort Study (RECRUITING) NCT00079638 — Comparative Efficacy Evaluation of Lipids When Treated With Niaspan & Statin or Other Lipid-Modifying Therapies-COMPELL (COMPLETED) PHASE4 NCT00461630 — Treatment of HDL to Reduce the Incidence of Vascular Events HPS2-THRIVE (COMPLETED) PHASE3 NCT00124072 — Study of the Effectiveness of Additional Reductions in Cholesterol and Homocysteine (COMPLETED) PHASE3 Published literature Cochrane review High-dose statins for the prevention of recurrent ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (Annals of Saudi medicine, 2025) Cochrane review HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for people with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis (The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2023) Cochrane review Secondary prevention of major cerebrovascular events with seven different statins: a multi-treatment meta-analysis (Drug design, development and therapy, 2017) Cochrane review Lipid Screening in Childhood and Adolescence for Detection of Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (JAMA, 2016) Cochrane review Statins for acute coronary syndrome (The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2014) Meta-analysis Statin treatment and accrual of covert cerebral ischaemia on neuroimaging: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials (European journal of neurology, 2020) Meta-analysis Statin Therapy in Ischemic Stroke Models: A Meta-Analysis (Translational stroke research, 2020) Meta-analysis Comparison of statins for secondary prevention in patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (BMC medicine, 2019) Clinical trial publication Effect of a Cardiovascular Polypill on Poststroke Cognition Among Ghanaians: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial (Journal of the American Heart Association, 2024) Clinical trial publication A cardiovascular polypill for secondary stroke prevention in a tertiary centre in Ghana (SMAART): a phase 2 randomised clinical trial (The Lancet. Global health, 2023) Clinical trial publication Prevention of Stroke with the Addition of Ezetimibe to Statin Therapy in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome in IMPROVE-IT (Improved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial) (Circulation, 2017) Clinical trial publication Long-term Safety and Efficacy of Achieving Very Low Levels of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol : A Prespecified Analysis of the IMPROVE-IT Trial (JAMA cardiology, 2017) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TICAGRELOR	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	105	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	8 trials 34 Cochrane 56 Meta-analysis 103 Trial pubs 98 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT06316570 — Ticagrelor With Aspirin Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Combined With Intravenous Thrombolysis for Ischemic Stroke (COMPLETED) PHASE3 NCT06683300 — Drug Eluting Stenting and Short Dual Antiplatelet Therapy for Preventing Recurrent Stroke in Vertebral Stenosis Registry Study (NOT_YET_RECRUITING) NCT06591377 — Combining Aspirin With Ticagrelor or Cilostazol in Large-vessel Minor Stroke or TIA (RECRUITING) PHASE3 NCT04962451 — Comparison of the Efficacy of Ticagrelor Combined With ASA to ASA Alone in Patients With Stroke (COMPLETED) PHASE4 NCT01947959 — Study of Rivaroxaban Use and Potential Adverse Outcomes in Routine Clinical Practice (Germany) (COMPLETED) NCT06196047 — Ticagrelor Versus Cilostazol in Minor Ischemic Stroke or TIA (RECRUITING) PHASE3 NCT06853535 — Precision Antiplatelet Therapy Guided by Platelet Aggregation Function in Patients With Acute Ischemic STROKE (RECRUITING) PHASE3 NCT04738097 — Efficacy of Ticagrelor Plus Aspirin in Mild Non-cardioembolic Ischemic Stroke (COMPLETED) PHASE3 Published literature Cochrane review Optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy for secondary stroke prevention: A systematic review and meta-analysis (Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia, 2026) Cochrane review Impact of dual antiplatelet therapy within 72 hours post mild ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack: meta-analysis (Brain injury, 2026) Cochrane review Effectiveness and safety of different antiplatelet therapies for minor ischemic stroke or high-risk transient ischemic attack: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (International journal of clinical pharmacy, 2025) Cochrane review Comparative efficacy and safety of different durations of dual antiplatelet therapy in acute minor non-cardioembolic stroke: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (Journal of neurology, 2025) Cochrane review Antiplatelet versus anticoagulation treatment for people with heart failure in sinus rhythm (The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2025) Meta-analysis Safety and efficacy of ticagrelor plus aspirin vs. aspirin monotherapy in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: A meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis (Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis, 2026) Meta-analysis Genotype-guided ticagrelor/prasugrel versus clopidogrel therapy in stroke patients with CYP2C19 loss of function alleles: a systematic review and meta-analysis (Pharmacogenomics, 2025) Systematic review Interaction of CYP2C19 with the effect of clopidogrel in secondary prevention of major ischemic events: Systematic review and meta-analysis (International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society, 2026) Clinical trial publication Ticagrelor with aspirin dual antiplatelet therapy combined with intravenous thrombolysis in patients with ischaemic stroke in China (TAPIS): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial (Lancet (London, England), 2026) Clinical trial publication Effect of insulin resistance on ticagrelor-versus clopidogrel-based dual antiplatelet therapy for secondary prevention of stroke in carriers of CYP2C19 loss-of-function mutations (CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 2026) Clinical trial publication Lp-PLA2 Activity and Genotype-Guided Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Minor Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack (Stroke, 2026) Clinical trial publication Differential Effect of Ticagrelor Versus Clopidogrel by Causative Classification of Stroke Classification and Vascular Cellular Adhesion Molecule-1 Level on the Risk of Recurrent Stroke: A Post Hoc Analysis of the CHANCE-2 Trial (Journal of the American Heart Association, 2026) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
APIXABAN	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	100	UK £20–£50 / 28-60 tabs · US $30–$70 / 30-60 tabs	8 trials 82 Cochrane 138 Meta-analysis 138 Trial pubs 121 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT04099238 — Burden of Ischemic Stroke and Intake of Oral Anticoagulants in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation in the UK Primary Care (COMPLETED) NCT05825573 — Anticoagulation Therapy in Non-device-related Intra-cardiac Thrombus (ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING) PHASE3 NCT06212674 — Single-stage Pulmonary Vein Isolation Combined With Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Occluder Implantation in Patients With Recent Onset Ischemic Stroke and Atrial Fibrillation (RECRUITING) PHASE4 NCT02309970 — Perfusion Computer Tomography: Imaging and Clinical Validation Following Reperfusion Therapy in Acute Ischaemic Stroke (UNKNOWN) NCT02818868 — Impact of Apixaban on Clinical Outcome of the Patients With Large Vessel Occlusion or Stenosis Trial (COMPLETED) NCT02635230 — What is the Optimal antiplatElet and Anticoagulant Therapy in Patients With Oral Anticoagulation Undergoing revasculariSaTion 2. (UNKNOWN) NCT07237308 — BEACON-AA: Apixaban With or Without Clopidogrel in Stroke Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Cerebral Atherosclerosis (NOT_YET_RECRUITING) PHASE4 NCT03062319 — Optimal Antithrombotic Therapy in Ischemic Stroke Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation and Atherothrombosis (TERMINATED) PHASE4 Published literature Cochrane review Comparative efficacy and safety of apixaban and rivaroxaban versus warfarin in atrial fibrillation patients with end-stage renal disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis (Renal failure, 2026) Cochrane review Direct oral anticoagulants versus vitamin K antagonists for postoperative atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2026) Cochrane review Direct oral anticoagulants versus vitamin K antagonists in concurrent hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis (Expert review of cardiovascular therapy, 2025) Cochrane review Effect of oral anticoagulant therapy on adverse outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation after intracranial hemorrhage (Heart rhythm, 2025) Cochrane review Rapid assessment of direct oral anticoagulants in acute stroke-An educational systematic review (European stroke journal, 2025) Meta-analysis Efficacy and Safety of DOACs in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and History of Falls or Risk of Falls: The Liverpool AF-Falls Project. A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-analysis (Drugs & aging, 2026) Meta-analysis Direct oral anticoagulants for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation: A network meta-analysis of randomized trials (Indian heart journal, 2026) Meta-analysis Switching From Aspirin Monotherapy After Noncardioembolic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis (Stroke, 2026) Clinical trial publication Hypertension With High-Risk Features in Cryptogenic Stroke: An Exploratory Analysis of the ARCADIA Randomized Clinical Trial (JAMA neurology, 2026) Clinical trial publication Early versus delayed DOAC after ischaemic stroke in atrial fibrillation: 1-year outcomes in the TIMING study and in concurrent practice (European stroke journal, 2026) Clinical trial publication Apixaban Versus Aspirin and Risk of Hemorrhage in the ARCADIA Trial (Annals of neurology, 2026) Clinical trial publication Multiterritory Brain Infarcts, Anticoagulation, and Recurrence After Cryptogenic Stroke: A Subgroup Analysis of the ARCADIA Trial (Stroke, 2026) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1014	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	100	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1083385	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	100	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1200402	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	100	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1201174	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	100	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1615369	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	100	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL2105682	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	100	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL2107386	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	100	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL393220	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	100	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
RIVAROXABAN	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	100	UK £20–£50 / 28 tabs (varies by dose) · US $30–$80 / 30 tabs	8 trials 97 Cochrane 164 Meta-analysis 171 Trial pubs 142 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT04099238 — Burden of Ischemic Stroke and Intake of Oral Anticoagulants in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation in the UK Primary Care (COMPLETED) NCT03772457 — Predictive Value of Infarction Volume on Hemorrhagic Transformation in Ischemic Stroke/TIA With Non-valve Atrial Fibrillation(NVAF) Patients Using Rivaroxaban (UNKNOWN) NCT01947959 — Study of Rivaroxaban Use and Potential Adverse Outcomes in Routine Clinical Practice (Germany) (COMPLETED) NCT05825573 — Anticoagulation Therapy in Non-device-related Intra-cardiac Thrombus (ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING) PHASE3 NCT04416048 — Effect of Anticoagulation Therapy on Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19 (TERMINATED) PHASE2 NCT06212674 — Single-stage Pulmonary Vein Isolation Combined With Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Occluder Implantation in Patients With Recent Onset Ischemic Stroke and Atrial Fibrillation (RECRUITING) PHASE4 NCT02309970 — Perfusion Computer Tomography: Imaging and Clinical Validation Following Reperfusion Therapy in Acute Ischaemic Stroke (UNKNOWN) NCT02635230 — What is the Optimal antiplatElet and Anticoagulant Therapy in Patients With Oral Anticoagulation Undergoing revasculariSaTion 2. (UNKNOWN) Published literature Cochrane review Comparative efficacy and safety of apixaban and rivaroxaban versus warfarin in atrial fibrillation patients with end-stage renal disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis (Renal failure, 2026) Cochrane review Direct oral anticoagulants versus vitamin K antagonists for postoperative atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2026) Cochrane review Efficacy and Safety of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Patients After Heart Valve Replacement or Repair: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis (Clinical therapeutics, 2025) Cochrane review Direct oral anticoagulants versus vitamin K antagonists in concurrent hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis (Expert review of cardiovascular therapy, 2025) Cochrane review Rapid assessment of direct oral anticoagulants in acute stroke-An educational systematic review (European stroke journal, 2025) Meta-analysis Efficacy and Safety of DOACs in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and History of Falls or Risk of Falls: The Liverpool AF-Falls Project. A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-analysis (Drugs & aging, 2026) Meta-analysis NOACs effects in the secondary prevention of atrial fibrillation-related ischemic stroke/TIA: a systematic review and meta-analysis (Journal of neurology, 2026) Meta-analysis Switching From Aspirin Monotherapy After Noncardioembolic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis (Stroke, 2026) Clinical trial publication Early versus delayed DOAC after ischaemic stroke in atrial fibrillation: 1-year outcomes in the TIMING study and in concurrent practice (European stroke journal, 2026) Clinical trial publication Abelacimab vs Rivaroxaban in Older Individuals With Atrial Fibrillation: A Prespecified Analysis of the Phase 2b AZALEA-TIMI 71 Trial (JAMA cardiology, 2026) Clinical trial publication Anticoagulation to prevent ischemic stroke and neurocognitive impairment in atrial fibrillation: the BRAIN-AF randomized clinical trial (Nature medicine, 2026) Clinical trial publication Antithrombotic Therapy after Successful Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation (The New England journal of medicine, 2026) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ACEBUTOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ACEBUTOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ACETALDEHYDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ACETYLCHOLINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ADUCANUMAB Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ALBUTEROL SULFATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ALFUZOSIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ALFUZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMIODARONE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
AMITRIPTYLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £1–£3 / 28 tabs · US $4–$10 / 30 tabs	—	DGIdb	—
AMPHETAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
APIXABAN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £20–£50 / 28-60 tabs · US $30–$70 / 30-60 tabs	—	DGIdb	—
ARBUTAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ARFORMOTEROL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ARFORMOTEROL TARTRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ARGIPRESSIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	2 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT00390962 — The "COSMOS"-Study (Copeptin in Osmoregulation and Stress Assessment) (COMPLETED) NCT00878813 — Copeptin for Risk Stratification in Acute Stroke Patients: the CoRisk Study (COMPLETED) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
ASENAPINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ASPIRIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK Very low cost · US Very low cost	—	DGIdb	—
ATENOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £1–£3 / 28 tabs · US $3–$8 / 30 tabs	—	DGIdb	—
ATORVASTATIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £1–£4 / 28 tabs · US $5–$12 / 30–90 tabs	—	DGIdb	—
BENAZEPRIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	3 trials 2 Trial pubs 2 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT05670028 — Cerebral Autoregulation Guiding Blood Pressure Management After Revascularization (UNKNOWN) PHASE2 NCT00691314 — Efficacy and Safety of Stent Implantation in Symptomatic Extra- and Intracranial Artery Stenosis (COMPLETED) NA NCT00664846 — Standard Medical Management in Secondary Prevention of Ischemic Stroke in China (COMPLETED) NA Published literature Clinical trial publication Amlodipine+benazepril is superior to hydrochlorothiazide+benazepril irrespective of baseline pulse pressure: subanalysis of the ACCOMPLISH trial (Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 2015) Clinical trial publication Baseline characteristics in the Avoiding Cardiovascular events through Combination therapy in Patients Living with Systolic Hypertension (ACCOMPLISH) trial: a hypertensive population at high cardiovascular risk (Blood pressure, 2007) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
BENAZEPRIL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
BENAZEPRILAT Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
BENZPHETAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
BETAXOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
BETAXOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
BETHANIDINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
BICALUTAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
BISOPROLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
BISOPROLOL FUMARATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
BITOLTEROL MESYLATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
BRETYLIUM Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
BUMETANIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
BUPROPION HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CABERGOLINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CANDOXATRIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CAPTOPRIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CARBACHOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CARTEOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CARTEOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
CARVEDILOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£5 / 28 tabs · US $5–$10 / 30 tabs	—	DGIdb	—
CARVEDILOL PHOSPHATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£5 / 28 tabs · US $5–$10 / 30 tabs	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
CELIPROLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CHEMBL20	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHOLESTEROL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CHORIOGONADOTROPIN ALFA Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CILAZAPRIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CIPROFLOXACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CISPLATIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Hospital / IV specialty — prices per vial or dose (often hundreds–thousands USD/GBP)	—	DGIdb	—
CLOMIPRAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CLOMIPRAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CLONIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CLOTRIMAZOLE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CLOZAPINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CYPROHEPTADINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DAPIPRAZOLE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DAPIPRAZOLE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DEBRISOQUIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DEHYDRATED ALCOHOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DESERPIDINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DESIPRAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DEXMEDETOMIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DEXTROAMPHETAMINE SULFATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DIAZEPAM Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £1–£3 / 28 tabs · US $3–$8 / 30 tabs	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DICHLORPHENAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIENESTROL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DIETHYLSTILBESTROL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DILEVALOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIPIVEFRIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DIPIVEFRIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DISULFIRAM Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DOBUTAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DOBUTAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DOCETAXEL ANHYDROUS Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Hospital / IV specialty — prices per vial or dose (often hundreds–thousands USD/GBP)	—	DGIdb	—
DONANEMAB Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DONEPEZIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DOPAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DOPAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DOXAZOSIN MESYLATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DOXAZOSIN MESYLATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DRONEDARONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DROXIDOPA Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ENALAPRIL MALEATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	2 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT01422616 — Enhanced Control of Hypertension and Thrombolysis Stroke Study (ENCHANTED) (COMPLETED) PHASE3 NCT01840072 — China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke (COMPLETED) NA CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
ENALAPRILAT Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ENALAPRILAT ANHYDROUS Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
EPHEDRINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
EPHEDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPHEDRINE SULFATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPINEPHRINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
EPINEPHRINE BITARTRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPIRUBICIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Hospital / IV specialty — prices per vial or dose (often hundreds–thousands USD/GBP)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ERGOLOID MESYLATES Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ERGOLOID MESYLATES, USP Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ERGOTAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ERGOTAMINE TARTRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ESMOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ESMOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ETHOXZOLAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FENOFIBRATE MICRONIZED Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
FENOTEROL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
FLECAINIDE ACETATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
FLUMAZENIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FLUOXETINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	1 trials 1 Cochrane 2 Meta-analysis 3 Trial pubs 2 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT03448159 — Fluoxetine Opens Window to Improve Motor Recovery After Stroke (COMPLETED) PHASE2 Published literature Cochrane review Meta-analysis of the clinical effectiveness of combined acupuncture and Western Medicine to treat post-stroke depression (Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan, 2021) Meta-analysis Efficacy and safety of modified Sini San for treating poststroke depression: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (Explore (New York, N.Y.), 2021) Clinical trial publication Depression Outcomes Among Patients Treated With Fluoxetine for Stroke Recovery: The AFFINITY Randomized Clinical Trial (JAMA neurology, 2021) Clinical trial publication [Effect of early intervention of liver-smoothing and blood-activating decoction combined with acupuncture on patients with post-stroke depression] (Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica, 2013) Clinical trial publication Clinical studies on event-related potentials (ERPs) N400 and the related factors in patients with poststroke depression (PSD) (International journal of psychiatry in medicine, 2010) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
FLUVASTATIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
FORMOTEROL FUMARATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
FORMOTEROL FUMARATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
FOSINOPRIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
FOSINOPRIL SODIUM Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
FOSLEVODOPA Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
FUROSEMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
GALANTAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
GANCICLOVIR Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
GEMCITABINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Hospital / IV specialty — prices per vial or dose (often hundreds–thousands USD/GBP)	—	DGIdb	—
GLYCOPYRRONIUM BROMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
HYDROXYAMPHETAMINE HYDROBROMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ILOPERIDONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
IMIDAPRIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	1 Meta-analysis View evidence Published literature Meta-analysis Post-stroke pneumonia prevention by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors: results of a meta-analysis of five studies in Asians (Advances in therapy, 2012) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
IMIPRAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
INDACATEROL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
INDACATEROL MALEATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
INDAPAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
INDOMETHACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
INDOMETHACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
IRBESARTAN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ISOETHARINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ISOETHARINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ISOETHARINE MESYLATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ISOPROTERENOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ISOPROTERENOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ISOPROTERENOL SULFATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
LABETALOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
LABETALOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LANDIOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
LANDIOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LECANEMAB Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
LEVALBUTEROL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
LEVALBUTEROL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVALBUTEROL TARTRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVOBETAXOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVOBUNOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
LEVOBUNOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LISDEXAMFETAMINE DIMESYLATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
LISINOPRIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LISINOPRIL ANHYDROUS Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
LORAZEPAM Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
LUTEIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
MAFENIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MALATHION Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
MECAMYLAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MEPHENTERMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
MEPHENTERMINE SULFATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
MEPOLIZUMAB Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
METAPROTERENOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
METAPROTERENOL SULFATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
METARAMINOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
METARAMINOL BITARTRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHACHOLINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
METHAMPHETAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
METHAZOLAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHOTRIMEPRAZINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
METHOXAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
METHOXAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHOXSALEN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
METIPRANOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
METIPRANOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METOPROLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£4 / 28 tabs · US $4–$9 / 30 tabs	—	DGIdb	—
METOPROLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£4 / 28 tabs · US $4–$9 / 30 tabs	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
METOPROLOL FUMARATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£4 / 28 tabs · US $4–$9 / 30 tabs	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METOPROLOL SUCCINATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£4 / 28 tabs · US $4–$9 / 30 tabs	—	DGIdb	—
METOPROLOL SUCCINATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£4 / 28 tabs · US $4–$9 / 30 tabs	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METOPROLOL TARTRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£4 / 28 tabs · US $4–$9 / 30 tabs	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIANSERIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIDODRINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £55–£75 / 100 tabs (2.5-5mg) · US $18 / 90 tabs (2.5mg, Cost Plus)	—	DGIdb	—
MIDODRINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £55–£75 / 100 tabs (2.5-5mg) · US $18 / 90 tabs (2.5mg, Cost Plus)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIRABEGRON Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
MODAFINIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
MOEXIPRIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
MOEXIPRIL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
MOXISYLYTE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
NADOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
NADOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NAFTOPIDIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NALIDIXIC ACID Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
NALTREXONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £15–£30 / 28–50 tabs (low-dose) · US $20–$40 / 30 tabs	—	DGIdb	—
NAPHAZOLINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
NAPHAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NEBIVOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NEFAZODONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
NICOTINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
NICOTINE POLACRILEX Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
NIFEDIPINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
NITROGLYCERIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
NITROPRUSSIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
NOREPINEPHRINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
NOREPINEPHRINE BITARTRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NORETHINDRONE ACETATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
NORFLOXACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
NORTRIPTYLINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
OFLOXACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
OLANZAPINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
OLODATEROL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
OLODATEROL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
OXPRENOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
OXPRENOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
OXYMETAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
OXYMETAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PAPAVERINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PENBUTOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PENBUTOLOL SULFATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PERINDOPRIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PERINDOPRIL ARGININE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PERINDOPRIL ERBUMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PERINDOPRILAT Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
PHENDIMETRAZINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PHENOXYBENZAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PHENOXYBENZAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENTOLAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PHENTOLAMINE MESYLATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLEPHRINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PHENYLEPHRINE BITARTRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLEPHRINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE POLISTIREX Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYTOIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £3–£8 / supply · US $6–$15 / 30 tabs	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
PINDOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PIRBUTEROL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PIRBUTEROL ACETATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PRACTOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PRAVASTATIN SODIUM Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PRAZOSIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£6 / 28–60 tabs · US $5–$12 / 30–60 tabs	—	DGIdb	—
PRAZOSIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£6 / 28–60 tabs · US $5–$12 / 30–60 tabs	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
PRAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£6 / 28–60 tabs · US $5–$12 / 30–60 tabs	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PREDNISONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£5 / 28–30 tabs · US $4–$8 / 30 tabs	—	DGIdb	—
PRILOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROMAZINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PRONETALOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPAFENONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PROPAFENONE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPIOMAZINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PROPRANOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£5 / 28–56 tabs · US $4–$10 / 30–60 tabs	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROTOKYLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PSEUDOEPHEDRINE POLISTIREX Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
QUETIAPINE FUMARATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
QUINAPRIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
QUINAPRIL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
QUINAPRILAT Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
RACEPINEPHRINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
RAMIPRIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
RAMIPRILAT Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
RAUWOLFIA SERPENTINA Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
RAUWOLFIA SERPENTINA (USP) Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
RESCINNAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
RISPERIDONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
RITODRINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
RITODRINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
RITONAVIR Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
RIVASTIGMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
SALMETEROL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
SALMETEROL XINAFOATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
SERTINDOLE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
SILDENAFIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£8 / 4–8 tabs (generic) · US $5–$15 / 10-30 tabs	—	DGIdb	—
SILODOSIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
SIROLIMUS Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
SODIUM CHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
SOTALOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
SOTALOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
SPIRAPRIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
SPIRAPRIL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
SUFENTANIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
SULBACTAM Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TACROLIMUS ANHYDROUS Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TAMSULOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TAMSULOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TAZOBACTAM Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TERAZOSIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TERAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TERBUTALINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TERBUTALINE SULFATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TETRAHYDROZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
THIORIDAZINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TIMOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TIMOLOL MALEATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TIOTROPIUM Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TOLAZOLINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TOLAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TORSEMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TRANDOLAPRIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	7 Trial pubs 7 RCT View evidence Published literature Clinical trial publication Prognostic utility of secretory phospholipase A(2) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (Clinical chemistry, 2011) Clinical trial publication Pulse pressure and risk of cardiovascular outcomes in patients with hypertension and coronary artery disease: an INternational VErapamil SR-trandolapril STudy (INVEST) analysis (European heart journal, 2009) Clinical trial publication Alpha-adducin polymorphism associated with increased risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes: results from GENEtic Substudy of the INternational VErapamil SR-trandolapril STudy (INVEST-GENES) (American heart journal, 2008) Clinical trial publication Verapamil-sustained release-based treatment strategy is equivalent to atenolol-based treatment strategy at reducing cardiovascular events in patients with prior myocardial infarction: an INternational VErapamil SR-Trandolapril (INVEST) substudy (American heart journal, 2008) Clinical trial publication Prognostic significance of the Centers for Disease Control/American Heart Association high-sensitivity C-reactive protein cut points for cardiovascular and other outcomes in patients with stable coronary artery disease (Circulation, 2007) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
TRANDOLAPRILAT Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TRAZODONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TRETINOIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TRIAMCINOLONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TRIFLUOPERAZINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TRIMIPRAMINE MALEATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TROGLITAZONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TROGLITAZONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
VILANTEROL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
VILANTEROL TRIFENATATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
VORINOSTAT Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
XYLOMETAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ZIPRASIDONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ABCIXIMAB	Biologic	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CILOSTAZOL	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CITICOLINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CLOPIDOGREL	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CROMOLYN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	UK £10–£20 / inhaler or amps · US $15–$30 / supply	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DALTEPARIN SODIUM	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DESMOTEPLASE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
EDARAVONE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ENOXAPARIN SODIUM	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPTIFIBATIDE	Biologic	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ETOMIDATE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
LIDOCAINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
LIPOIC ACID, ALPHA	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MINOCYCLINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLEPHRINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPOFOL	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPRANOLOL	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	UK £2–£5 / 28–56 tabs · US $4–$10 / 30–60 tabs	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
REMIFENTANIL	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
RETEPLASE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ROSUVASTATIN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
SODIUM CHLORIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
SUXAMETHONIUM	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TENECTEPLASE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ACTOVEGIN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ALBUMIN HUMAN	Biologic	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ANCROD	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ARGATROBAN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ATORVASTATIN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	UK £1–£4 / 28 tabs · US $5–$12 / 30–90 tabs	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BEMIPARIN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CANGRELOR	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CARBOGEN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1009	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1200826	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1201574	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1201649	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1373	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL2108035	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL2108131	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL424	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL467	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL730	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CILNIDIPINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CITALOPRAM	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DABIGATRAN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DABIGATRAN ETEXILATE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DALFAMPRIDINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DEXTROSE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DONEPEZIL	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
EDOXABAN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
EMOXYPINE SUCCINATE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ENOXAPARIN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ESMOLOL	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
FLUOXETINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
GINKGO	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
GINSENOSIDE RD	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
HEPARIN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
IMATINIB	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
INSULIN HUMAN	Biologic	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVOMILNACIPRAN HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LOSARTAN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MAGNESIUM SULFATE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MELATONIN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHYLPREDNISOLONE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	UK £2–£5 / 28 tabs · US $5–$10 / 30 tabs	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHYLPREDNISOLONE SODIUM SUCCINATE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	UK £2–£5 / 28 tabs · US $5–$10 / 30 tabs	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MINOCYCLINE HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MONOSIALOTETRAHEXOSYLGANGLIOSIDE SODIUM	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NADROPARIN CALCIUM	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NERINETIDE	Biologic	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NOREPINEPHRINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
OTAPLIMASTAT	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PREDNISOLONE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	UK £2–£5 / 28 tabs · US $5–$10 / 30 tabs	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RAC-3-N-BUTYLPHTHALIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RECATICIMAB	Biologic	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SARPOGRELATE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SEMAGLUTIDE	Biologic	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SOVATELITIDE	Biologic	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SULFUR HEXAFLUORIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TERAZOSIN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TICLOPIDINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TINZAPARIN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TINZAPARIN SODIUM	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TIROFIBAN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TIROFIBAN HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TOCILIZUMAB	Biologic	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TRIMETAZIDINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
URAPIDIL	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
UROKINASE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
WARFARIN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DARAPLADIB Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	70	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FENRETINIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	70	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DAPSONE	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DEXTROAMPHETAMINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ENECADIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPOETIN ALFA	Biologic	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
EXENATIDE	Biologic	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FILGRASTIM	Biologic	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FINGOLIMOD	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
KETAMINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
LABETALOL	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVOSIMENDAN	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
LOVASTATIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MARAVIROC	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
NITRIC OXIDE	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
OCRIPLASMIN	Biologic	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
OLMESARTAN	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
PICLOZOTAN	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
PIOGLITAZONE	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TRAXOPRODIL	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ZONAMPANEL	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
(+)-MENTHOL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Research / experimental compound — pricing not applicable for routine clinical use	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
2-HYDROXYPROPYL-BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Research / experimental compound — pricing not applicable for routine clinical use	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ACETYLCYSTEINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	UK £5–£12 / 30 tabs or effervescent · US $8–$15 / 30-60 tabs (NAC)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
AIR, MEDICAL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ALFIMEPRASE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ALIROCUMAB	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMELPARIB DIHYDROCHLORIDE DIHYDRATE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ARUNDIC ACID	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ASPIRIN TRELAMINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	UK Very low cost · US Very low cost	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ATENOLOL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	UK £1–£3 / 28 tabs · US $3–$8 / 30 tabs	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
AUTOLOGOUS CORD BLOOD	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BALOVAPTAN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CANAGLIFLOZIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CAPSAICIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1201192	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1303	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1311	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1428	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1508	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL2108632	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL3185229	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL3545317	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL3681419	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL434394	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL589	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL689	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL771	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL779	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL856	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL862	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHORIOGONADOTROPIN ALFA	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
COLCHICINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CYCLOSPORINE	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DAPAGLIFLOZIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DARBEPOETIN ALFA	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DEXBORNEOL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DEXMEDETOMIDINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIMETHYL FUMARATE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DORNASE ALFA	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DROTRECOGIN ALFA (ACTIVATED)	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
EMPAGLIFLOZIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPOETIN BETA	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
EZETIMIBE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
FENTANYL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
GALANTAMINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
GHRELIN	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
GLYBURIDE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
GONADOTROPIN, CHORIONIC	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
HYDRALAZINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
HYDROGEN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
J147	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Research / experimental compound — pricing not applicable for routine clinical use	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
KALLIDINOGENASE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LENOGRASTIM	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MELDONIUM	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MENTHOL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIDAZOLAM	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIDODRINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	UK £55–£75 / 100 tabs (2.5-5mg) · US $18 / 90 tabs (2.5mg, Cost Plus)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MILVEXIAN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NATALIZUMAB	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NIACIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NICARDIPINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
OXYGEN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PEGFILGRASTIM	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PERFLENAPENT	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PERPHENAZINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PF-03049423	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PINOCEMBRIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
POTASSIUM	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPYLTHIOURACIL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RAMIPRIL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RECOMBINANT HUMAN KALLIKREIN-1	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
REDASEMTIDE	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RINVECALINASE ALFA	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RIOCIGUAT	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SCH-900271	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SENKTIDE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SODIUM ACETATE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SODIUM LACTATE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SODIUM NITRITE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
STREPTOKINASE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TALFIRASTIDE	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
THR-18	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
URIC ACID	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VALPROIC ACID	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VITAMIN B12	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VORAPAXAR	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
FIBOFLAPON Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	50	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
FIBOFLAPON SODIUM Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	50	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIRIVADELGAT Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	50	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PRUNETIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	50	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
VELIFLAPON Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	50	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ALPRENOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMIFLOXACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
BROLAMFETAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CARZENIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIFLOXACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIMECAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ELLAGIC ACID Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ENISOPROST Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FENCAMFAMIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FLEROXACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
IDOXIFENE Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
LYSERGIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MERAFLOXACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TENAMFETAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ZIDAPAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
INTERFERON BETA-1A	Biologic	Phase I	Emerging	40	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIDODRINE HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	40	UK £55–£75 / 100 tabs (2.5-5mg) · US $18 / 90 tabs (2.5mg, Cost Plus)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
SILDENAFIL CITRATE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	40	UK £2–£8 / 4–8 tabs (generic) · US $5–$15 / 10-30 tabs	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ALCOHOL	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ANISODINE HYDROBROMIDE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ASTAXANTHIN	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BROMOCRIPTINE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CAFFEINE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1286	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL2109060	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FIBRINOLYSIN, HUMAN	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
GLENZOCIMAB	Biologic	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
HUMAN IMMUNOGLOBULIN G	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
INSULIN ASPART	Biologic	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHYLPHENIDATE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PEGYLATED CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN (BOVINE)	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PENTOXIFYLLINE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PERFLUTREN	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PRASUGREL	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SILDENAFIL	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	UK £2–£8 / 4–8 tabs (generic) · US $5–$15 / 10-30 tabs	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VERAPAMIL	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	UK £2–£5 / 28 tabs · US $4–$10 / 30–60 tabs	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ACENOCOUMAROL	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMLODIPINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
APTIGANEL HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BEMPEDOIC ACID	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1175	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL516	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DEFEROXAMINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
EVOLOCUMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
INOSINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVOFLOXACIN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVORPHANOL	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MAGNESIUM	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NERVE GROWTH FACTOR	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NIACINAMIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROBUCOL	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RIBOFLAVIN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SIVELESTAT	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SUCCINIC ACID	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TAFOLECIMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VINPOCETINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VITAMIN K	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets

Drug	Type	Phase	Evidence	Score	Price (UK / US)	Trials & literature	Sources	Links
ALTEPLASE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	105	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	8 trials 75 Cochrane 134 Meta-analysis 329 Trial pubs 278 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT05626972 — Tenecteplase Compared to Alteplase for Patients With Large Vesel Oclusion Suspicion Before Thrombectomy (UNKNOWN) PHASE3 NCT03997292 — Intravenous Thrombolysis Registry for Acute Ischemic Stroke in China (WITHDRAWN) NCT05395338 — 1-year Clinical Outcomes in Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator (Rt-PA) Treated Chinese Acute Ischaemic Stroke (AIS) Patients (COMPLETED) NCT05644938 — Optimizing Door-to-reperfusion Times of One-stop Management in Acute Ischemic Stroke (UNKNOWN) NA NCT05395351 — Alteplase in Elderly Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS) Patients During Hospitalization (COMPLETED) NCT06018181 — Outcomes After Intravenous Alteplase / Tenecteplase With or Without Shuxuetong Injection in Routine Clinical Practice (COMPLETED) NCT03392792 — Regisry of the Stroke Patients in Assiut University Hospital (UNKNOWN) NA NCT01220739 — Safety of Rt-PA + Transcranial Emission of Low-Energy Lasers for Acute Stroke Recovery (TERMINATED) PHASE2 Published literature Cochrane review Comparative efficacy and safety between intravenous recombinant human prourokinase and alteplase in acute ischemic stroke treatment: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (Minerva medica, 2026) Cochrane review Relationship between blood pressure level with prognosis of acute ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis (BMC neurology, 2026) Cochrane review Safety and Efficacy of Thrombolysis Prior to Thrombectomy in Large-Vessel Acute Ischemic Stroke: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (The American journal of cardiology, 2026) Cochrane review Intravenous thrombolysis versus standard medical therapy in minor stroke patients with large vessel severe stenosis or occlusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis (BMC medicine, 2026) Cochrane review Tenecteplase versus alteplase for acute ischemic stroke (The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2026) Meta-analysis Cost-Effectiveness of Thrombectomy With or Without Alteplase in Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke: A Meta-Analysis Considering Time-to-Treatment (Neurology, 2026) Systematic review Efficacy, safety and dosing of intravenous alteplase administered beyond 4.5 hours for ischemic stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis (The International journal of neuroscience, 2026) Clinical trial publication Predictors and Consequences of Serious Adverse Events in Patients Treated With Thrombolysis: A Prespecified Secondary Analysis of the AcT Trial (Journal of the American Heart Association, 2026) Clinical trial publication Association of 24-Hour Computed Tomography Infarct Density on Functional Outcomes in Stroke: Secondary Analysis From the AcT Trial (Journal of the American Heart Association, 2026) Clinical trial publication Effect of time on reperfusion in acute ischemic stroke treated with thrombolysis within the 4.5-hour window: a secondary analysis of the AcT Trial (Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association, 2026) Clinical trial publication Adjunctive Intra-Arterial Alteplase After Successful Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: The CHOICE-2 Randomized Clinical Trial (JAMA, 2026) Clinical trial publication Efficacy and Safety of Reteplase Versus Alteplase in Acute Ischemic Stroke Based on Fibrinogen Levels: The RAISE Trial Subgroup (Journal of the American Heart Association, 2026) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ASPIRIN	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	105	UK Very low cost · US Very low cost	8 trials 185 Cochrane 293 Meta-analysis 776 Trial pubs 668 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT06316570 — Ticagrelor With Aspirin Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Combined With Intravenous Thrombolysis for Ischemic Stroke (COMPLETED) PHASE3 NCT00691314 — Efficacy and Safety of Stent Implantation in Symptomatic Extra- and Intracranial Artery Stenosis (COMPLETED) NA NCT00966316 — Establishment and Evaluation to the Effects of a Clinical Pathway for Acute Ischemic Stroke (COMPLETED) PHASE4 NCT06899399 — Efficacy and Safety Study of Endovascular Treatment of Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis (RECRUITING) NA NCT05507645 — ProUrokinase for Mild Ischemic Cerebrovascular Events (PUMICE) (COMPLETED) PHASE3 NCT06683300 — Drug Eluting Stenting and Short Dual Antiplatelet Therapy for Preventing Recurrent Stroke in Vertebral Stenosis Registry Study (NOT_YET_RECRUITING) NCT06591377 — Combining Aspirin With Ticagrelor or Cilostazol in Large-vessel Minor Stroke or TIA (RECRUITING) PHASE3 NCT03186456 — The Safety and Efficacy of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells (19#iSCLife®-ACI) in the Treatment of Acute Cerebral Infarction (SUSPENDED) PHASE1 Published literature Cochrane review Optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy for secondary stroke prevention: A systematic review and meta-analysis (Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia, 2026) Cochrane review Aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for preventing colorectal cancer and colorectal adenoma in the general population (The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2026) Cochrane review Efficacy, Safety, and Net Clinical Benefit of Post-Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Anticoagulation (Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE, 2026) Cochrane review Aspirin plus clopidogrel versus aspirin alone in patients with mild-to-moderate stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis (Medicine, 2025) Cochrane review Impact of dual antiplatelet therapy within 72 hours post mild ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack: meta-analysis (Brain injury, 2026) Meta-analysis Safety and efficacy of ticagrelor plus aspirin vs. aspirin monotherapy in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: A meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis (Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis, 2026) Meta-analysis Antiplatelet dilemma: Clopidogrel or aspirin for long-term cardiovascular protection after dual antiplatelet therapy following PCI (Medicine, 2026) Systematic review Switching From Aspirin Monotherapy After Noncardioembolic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis (Stroke, 2026) Systematic review Effectiveness and safety of different antiplatelet therapies for minor ischemic stroke or high-risk transient ischemic attack: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (International journal of clinical pharmacy, 2025) Clinical trial publication Dual Antiplatelet Therapy and Immediate Intensive Statin in Mild Ischemic Stroke: A Randomized Trial (Neurology, 2026) Clinical trial publication The effect of dose of aspirin in high-risk TIA and minor ischemic stroke patients receiving dual antiplatelet medication (Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association, 2026) Clinical trial publication Ticagrelor with aspirin dual antiplatelet therapy combined with intravenous thrombolysis in patients with ischaemic stroke in China (TAPIS): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial (Lancet (London, England), 2026) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIPYRIDAMOLE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	105	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	8 trials 23 Cochrane 32 Meta-analysis 60 Trial pubs 48 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT06899399 — Efficacy and Safety Study of Endovascular Treatment of Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis (RECRUITING) NA NCT01947959 — Study of Rivaroxaban Use and Potential Adverse Outcomes in Routine Clinical Practice (Germany) (COMPLETED) NCT00562588 — EARLY 3-months Aggrenox Treatment Started Within 24 Hrs of Ischemic Stroke Onset vs. After One Week 100 mg ASA (COMPLETED) PHASE4 NCT00465270 — Patent Foramen Ovale Closure or Medical Therapy After Stroke - RESPECT Trial (COMPLETED) NA NCT06983795 — Pioneering Advancements in Cardiocerebrovascular Interactions in the Asia pacFIC - Patent Foramen Ovale Study (NOT_YET_RECRUITING) NCT00562289 — Patent Foramen Ovale Closure or Anticoagulants Versus Antiplatelet Therapy to Prevent Stroke Recurrence (COMPLETED) PHASE3 NCT06549582 — Th Tl Xb Prescription on Reprogramming of Lipid Metabolism and Endothelial Injury for Cerebral Infarction Patients (NOT_YET_RECRUITING) NA NCT01947998 — Study of Rivaroxaban Use and Potential Adverse Outcomes in Routine Clinical Pratice (UK) (COMPLETED) Published literature Cochrane review Impact of dual antiplatelet therapy within 72 hours post mild ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack: meta-analysis (Brain injury, 2026) Cochrane review Antiplatelet versus anticoagulation treatment for people with heart failure in sinus rhythm (The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2025) Cochrane review Acute treatment and secondary prevention for patients with minor stroke or transient ischemic attack: A Bayesian network meta-analysis (European stroke journal, 2025) Cochrane review Efficacy and safety of edaravone combined with Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Dipyridamole in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction: A systematic review and meta-analysis (Medicine, 2024) Cochrane review Antiplatelet therapy for secondary prevention of lacunar stroke: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2023) Systematic review Contemporary antiplatelet therapy for secondary stroke prevention: a narrative review of current literature and guidelines (Stroke and vascular neurology, 2022) Systematic review Antiplatelet drugs for secondary prevention in patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (BMC neurology, 2021) Clinical trial publication Bleeding with intensive versus guideline antiplatelet therapy in acute cerebral ischaemia (Scientific reports, 2023) Clinical trial publication Effects of Dose Titration on Dipyridamole-Induced Headache: A Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial (Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2022) Clinical trial publication Comparison of Antiplatelet Therapies for Prevention of Patent Foramen Ovale-Associated Stroke (Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association, 2020) Clinical trial publication Triple versus guideline antiplatelet therapy to prevent recurrence after acute ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack: the TARDIS RCT (Health technology assessment (Winchester, England), 2018) Clinical trial publication Antiplatelet therapy with aspirin, clopidogrel, and dipyridamole versus clopidogrel alone or aspirin and dipyridamole in patients with acute cerebral ischaemia (TARDIS): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 superiority trial (Lancet (London, England), 2018) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
SIMVASTATIN	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	105	UK £1–£3 / 28 tabs · US $4–$10 / 30–90 tabs	8 trials 7 Cochrane 14 Meta-analysis 33 Trial pubs 27 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT00691314 — Efficacy and Safety of Stent Implantation in Symptomatic Extra- and Intracranial Artery Stenosis (COMPLETED) NA NCT00080275 — Evaluation of the Safety & Efficacy of a Combination of Niacin ER & Simvastatin in Patients With Dyslipidemia (OCEANS) (COMPLETED) PHASE3 NCT01073007 — Stroke Treatment With Acute Reperfusion and Simvastatin (COMPLETED) PHASE4 NCT00120289 — Niacin Plus Statin to Prevent Vascular Events (TERMINATED) PHASE3 NCT06785740 — Statins in Frail Older Patients with Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack - the Prospective Cohort Study (RECRUITING) NCT00079638 — Comparative Efficacy Evaluation of Lipids When Treated With Niaspan & Statin or Other Lipid-Modifying Therapies-COMPELL (COMPLETED) PHASE4 NCT00461630 — Treatment of HDL to Reduce the Incidence of Vascular Events HPS2-THRIVE (COMPLETED) PHASE3 NCT00124072 — Study of the Effectiveness of Additional Reductions in Cholesterol and Homocysteine (COMPLETED) PHASE3 Published literature Cochrane review High-dose statins for the prevention of recurrent ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (Annals of Saudi medicine, 2025) Cochrane review HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for people with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis (The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2023) Cochrane review Secondary prevention of major cerebrovascular events with seven different statins: a multi-treatment meta-analysis (Drug design, development and therapy, 2017) Cochrane review Lipid Screening in Childhood and Adolescence for Detection of Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (JAMA, 2016) Cochrane review Statins for acute coronary syndrome (The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2014) Meta-analysis Statin treatment and accrual of covert cerebral ischaemia on neuroimaging: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials (European journal of neurology, 2020) Meta-analysis Statin Therapy in Ischemic Stroke Models: A Meta-Analysis (Translational stroke research, 2020) Meta-analysis Comparison of statins for secondary prevention in patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (BMC medicine, 2019) Clinical trial publication Effect of a Cardiovascular Polypill on Poststroke Cognition Among Ghanaians: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial (Journal of the American Heart Association, 2024) Clinical trial publication A cardiovascular polypill for secondary stroke prevention in a tertiary centre in Ghana (SMAART): a phase 2 randomised clinical trial (The Lancet. Global health, 2023) Clinical trial publication Prevention of Stroke with the Addition of Ezetimibe to Statin Therapy in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome in IMPROVE-IT (Improved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial) (Circulation, 2017) Clinical trial publication Long-term Safety and Efficacy of Achieving Very Low Levels of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol : A Prespecified Analysis of the IMPROVE-IT Trial (JAMA cardiology, 2017) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TICAGRELOR	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	105	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	8 trials 34 Cochrane 56 Meta-analysis 103 Trial pubs 98 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT06316570 — Ticagrelor With Aspirin Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Combined With Intravenous Thrombolysis for Ischemic Stroke (COMPLETED) PHASE3 NCT06683300 — Drug Eluting Stenting and Short Dual Antiplatelet Therapy for Preventing Recurrent Stroke in Vertebral Stenosis Registry Study (NOT_YET_RECRUITING) NCT06591377 — Combining Aspirin With Ticagrelor or Cilostazol in Large-vessel Minor Stroke or TIA (RECRUITING) PHASE3 NCT04962451 — Comparison of the Efficacy of Ticagrelor Combined With ASA to ASA Alone in Patients With Stroke (COMPLETED) PHASE4 NCT01947959 — Study of Rivaroxaban Use and Potential Adverse Outcomes in Routine Clinical Practice (Germany) (COMPLETED) NCT06196047 — Ticagrelor Versus Cilostazol in Minor Ischemic Stroke or TIA (RECRUITING) PHASE3 NCT06853535 — Precision Antiplatelet Therapy Guided by Platelet Aggregation Function in Patients With Acute Ischemic STROKE (RECRUITING) PHASE3 NCT04738097 — Efficacy of Ticagrelor Plus Aspirin in Mild Non-cardioembolic Ischemic Stroke (COMPLETED) PHASE3 Published literature Cochrane review Optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy for secondary stroke prevention: A systematic review and meta-analysis (Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia, 2026) Cochrane review Impact of dual antiplatelet therapy within 72 hours post mild ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack: meta-analysis (Brain injury, 2026) Cochrane review Effectiveness and safety of different antiplatelet therapies for minor ischemic stroke or high-risk transient ischemic attack: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (International journal of clinical pharmacy, 2025) Cochrane review Comparative efficacy and safety of different durations of dual antiplatelet therapy in acute minor non-cardioembolic stroke: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (Journal of neurology, 2025) Cochrane review Antiplatelet versus anticoagulation treatment for people with heart failure in sinus rhythm (The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2025) Meta-analysis Safety and efficacy of ticagrelor plus aspirin vs. aspirin monotherapy in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: A meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis (Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis, 2026) Meta-analysis Genotype-guided ticagrelor/prasugrel versus clopidogrel therapy in stroke patients with CYP2C19 loss of function alleles: a systematic review and meta-analysis (Pharmacogenomics, 2025) Systematic review Interaction of CYP2C19 with the effect of clopidogrel in secondary prevention of major ischemic events: Systematic review and meta-analysis (International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society, 2026) Clinical trial publication Ticagrelor with aspirin dual antiplatelet therapy combined with intravenous thrombolysis in patients with ischaemic stroke in China (TAPIS): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial (Lancet (London, England), 2026) Clinical trial publication Effect of insulin resistance on ticagrelor-versus clopidogrel-based dual antiplatelet therapy for secondary prevention of stroke in carriers of CYP2C19 loss-of-function mutations (CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 2026) Clinical trial publication Lp-PLA2 Activity and Genotype-Guided Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Minor Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack (Stroke, 2026) Clinical trial publication Differential Effect of Ticagrelor Versus Clopidogrel by Causative Classification of Stroke Classification and Vascular Cellular Adhesion Molecule-1 Level on the Risk of Recurrent Stroke: A Post Hoc Analysis of the CHANCE-2 Trial (Journal of the American Heart Association, 2026) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
APIXABAN	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	100	UK £20–£50 / 28-60 tabs · US $30–$70 / 30-60 tabs	8 trials 82 Cochrane 138 Meta-analysis 138 Trial pubs 121 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT04099238 — Burden of Ischemic Stroke and Intake of Oral Anticoagulants in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation in the UK Primary Care (COMPLETED) NCT05825573 — Anticoagulation Therapy in Non-device-related Intra-cardiac Thrombus (ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING) PHASE3 NCT06212674 — Single-stage Pulmonary Vein Isolation Combined With Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Occluder Implantation in Patients With Recent Onset Ischemic Stroke and Atrial Fibrillation (RECRUITING) PHASE4 NCT02309970 — Perfusion Computer Tomography: Imaging and Clinical Validation Following Reperfusion Therapy in Acute Ischaemic Stroke (UNKNOWN) NCT02818868 — Impact of Apixaban on Clinical Outcome of the Patients With Large Vessel Occlusion or Stenosis Trial (COMPLETED) NCT02635230 — What is the Optimal antiplatElet and Anticoagulant Therapy in Patients With Oral Anticoagulation Undergoing revasculariSaTion 2. (UNKNOWN) NCT07237308 — BEACON-AA: Apixaban With or Without Clopidogrel in Stroke Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Cerebral Atherosclerosis (NOT_YET_RECRUITING) PHASE4 NCT03062319 — Optimal Antithrombotic Therapy in Ischemic Stroke Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation and Atherothrombosis (TERMINATED) PHASE4 Published literature Cochrane review Comparative efficacy and safety of apixaban and rivaroxaban versus warfarin in atrial fibrillation patients with end-stage renal disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis (Renal failure, 2026) Cochrane review Direct oral anticoagulants versus vitamin K antagonists for postoperative atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2026) Cochrane review Direct oral anticoagulants versus vitamin K antagonists in concurrent hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis (Expert review of cardiovascular therapy, 2025) Cochrane review Effect of oral anticoagulant therapy on adverse outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation after intracranial hemorrhage (Heart rhythm, 2025) Cochrane review Rapid assessment of direct oral anticoagulants in acute stroke-An educational systematic review (European stroke journal, 2025) Meta-analysis Efficacy and Safety of DOACs in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and History of Falls or Risk of Falls: The Liverpool AF-Falls Project. A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-analysis (Drugs & aging, 2026) Meta-analysis Direct oral anticoagulants for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation: A network meta-analysis of randomized trials (Indian heart journal, 2026) Meta-analysis Switching From Aspirin Monotherapy After Noncardioembolic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis (Stroke, 2026) Clinical trial publication Hypertension With High-Risk Features in Cryptogenic Stroke: An Exploratory Analysis of the ARCADIA Randomized Clinical Trial (JAMA neurology, 2026) Clinical trial publication Early versus delayed DOAC after ischaemic stroke in atrial fibrillation: 1-year outcomes in the TIMING study and in concurrent practice (European stroke journal, 2026) Clinical trial publication Apixaban Versus Aspirin and Risk of Hemorrhage in the ARCADIA Trial (Annals of neurology, 2026) Clinical trial publication Multiterritory Brain Infarcts, Anticoagulation, and Recurrence After Cryptogenic Stroke: A Subgroup Analysis of the ARCADIA Trial (Stroke, 2026) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1014	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	100	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1083385	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	100	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1200402	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	100	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1201174	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	100	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1615369	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	100	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL2105682	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	100	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL2107386	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	100	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL393220	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	100	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
RIVAROXABAN	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	100	UK £20–£50 / 28 tabs (varies by dose) · US $30–$80 / 30 tabs	8 trials 97 Cochrane 164 Meta-analysis 171 Trial pubs 142 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT04099238 — Burden of Ischemic Stroke and Intake of Oral Anticoagulants in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation in the UK Primary Care (COMPLETED) NCT03772457 — Predictive Value of Infarction Volume on Hemorrhagic Transformation in Ischemic Stroke/TIA With Non-valve Atrial Fibrillation(NVAF) Patients Using Rivaroxaban (UNKNOWN) NCT01947959 — Study of Rivaroxaban Use and Potential Adverse Outcomes in Routine Clinical Practice (Germany) (COMPLETED) NCT05825573 — Anticoagulation Therapy in Non-device-related Intra-cardiac Thrombus (ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING) PHASE3 NCT04416048 — Effect of Anticoagulation Therapy on Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19 (TERMINATED) PHASE2 NCT06212674 — Single-stage Pulmonary Vein Isolation Combined With Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Occluder Implantation in Patients With Recent Onset Ischemic Stroke and Atrial Fibrillation (RECRUITING) PHASE4 NCT02309970 — Perfusion Computer Tomography: Imaging and Clinical Validation Following Reperfusion Therapy in Acute Ischaemic Stroke (UNKNOWN) NCT02635230 — What is the Optimal antiplatElet and Anticoagulant Therapy in Patients With Oral Anticoagulation Undergoing revasculariSaTion 2. (UNKNOWN) Published literature Cochrane review Comparative efficacy and safety of apixaban and rivaroxaban versus warfarin in atrial fibrillation patients with end-stage renal disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis (Renal failure, 2026) Cochrane review Direct oral anticoagulants versus vitamin K antagonists for postoperative atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2026) Cochrane review Efficacy and Safety of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Patients After Heart Valve Replacement or Repair: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis (Clinical therapeutics, 2025) Cochrane review Direct oral anticoagulants versus vitamin K antagonists in concurrent hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis (Expert review of cardiovascular therapy, 2025) Cochrane review Rapid assessment of direct oral anticoagulants in acute stroke-An educational systematic review (European stroke journal, 2025) Meta-analysis Efficacy and Safety of DOACs in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and History of Falls or Risk of Falls: The Liverpool AF-Falls Project. A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-analysis (Drugs & aging, 2026) Meta-analysis NOACs effects in the secondary prevention of atrial fibrillation-related ischemic stroke/TIA: a systematic review and meta-analysis (Journal of neurology, 2026) Meta-analysis Switching From Aspirin Monotherapy After Noncardioembolic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis (Stroke, 2026) Clinical trial publication Early versus delayed DOAC after ischaemic stroke in atrial fibrillation: 1-year outcomes in the TIMING study and in concurrent practice (European stroke journal, 2026) Clinical trial publication Abelacimab vs Rivaroxaban in Older Individuals With Atrial Fibrillation: A Prespecified Analysis of the Phase 2b AZALEA-TIMI 71 Trial (JAMA cardiology, 2026) Clinical trial publication Anticoagulation to prevent ischemic stroke and neurocognitive impairment in atrial fibrillation: the BRAIN-AF randomized clinical trial (Nature medicine, 2026) Clinical trial publication Antithrombotic Therapy after Successful Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation (The New England journal of medicine, 2026) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ABCIXIMAB	Biologic	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CILOSTAZOL	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CITICOLINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CLOPIDOGREL	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CROMOLYN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	UK £10–£20 / inhaler or amps · US $15–$30 / supply	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DALTEPARIN SODIUM	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DESMOTEPLASE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
EDARAVONE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ENOXAPARIN SODIUM	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPTIFIBATIDE	Biologic	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ETOMIDATE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
LIDOCAINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
LIPOIC ACID, ALPHA	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MINOCYCLINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLEPHRINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPOFOL	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPRANOLOL	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	UK £2–£5 / 28–56 tabs · US $4–$10 / 30–60 tabs	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
REMIFENTANIL	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
RETEPLASE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ROSUVASTATIN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
SODIUM CHLORIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
SUXAMETHONIUM	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TENECTEPLASE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	85	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ACTOVEGIN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ALBUMIN HUMAN	Biologic	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ANCROD	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ARGATROBAN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ATORVASTATIN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	UK £1–£4 / 28 tabs · US $5–$12 / 30–90 tabs	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BEMIPARIN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CANGRELOR	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CARBOGEN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1009	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1200826	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1201574	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1201649	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1373	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL2108035	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL2108131	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL424	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL467	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL730	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CILNIDIPINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CITALOPRAM	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DABIGATRAN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DABIGATRAN ETEXILATE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DALFAMPRIDINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DEXTROSE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DONEPEZIL	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
EDOXABAN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
EMOXYPINE SUCCINATE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ENOXAPARIN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ESMOLOL	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
FLUOXETINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
GINKGO	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
GINSENOSIDE RD	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
HEPARIN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
IMATINIB	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
INSULIN HUMAN	Biologic	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVOMILNACIPRAN HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LOSARTAN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MAGNESIUM SULFATE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MELATONIN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHYLPREDNISOLONE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	UK £2–£5 / 28 tabs · US $5–$10 / 30 tabs	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHYLPREDNISOLONE SODIUM SUCCINATE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	UK £2–£5 / 28 tabs · US $5–$10 / 30 tabs	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MINOCYCLINE HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MONOSIALOTETRAHEXOSYLGANGLIOSIDE SODIUM	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NADROPARIN CALCIUM	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NERINETIDE	Biologic	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NOREPINEPHRINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
OTAPLIMASTAT	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PREDNISOLONE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	UK £2–£5 / 28 tabs · US $5–$10 / 30 tabs	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RAC-3-N-BUTYLPHTHALIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RECATICIMAB	Biologic	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SARPOGRELATE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SEMAGLUTIDE	Biologic	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SOVATELITIDE	Biologic	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SULFUR HEXAFLUORIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TERAZOSIN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TICLOPIDINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TINZAPARIN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TINZAPARIN SODIUM	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TIROFIBAN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TIROFIBAN HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TOCILIZUMAB	Biologic	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TRIMETAZIDINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
URAPIDIL	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
UROKINASE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
WARFARIN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DAPSONE	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DEXTROAMPHETAMINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ENECADIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPOETIN ALFA	Biologic	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
EXENATIDE	Biologic	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FILGRASTIM	Biologic	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FINGOLIMOD	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
KETAMINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
LABETALOL	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVOSIMENDAN	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
LOVASTATIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MARAVIROC	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
NITRIC OXIDE	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
OCRIPLASMIN	Biologic	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
OLMESARTAN	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
PICLOZOTAN	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
PIOGLITAZONE	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TRAXOPRODIL	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ZONAMPANEL	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
(+)-MENTHOL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Research / experimental compound — pricing not applicable for routine clinical use	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
2-HYDROXYPROPYL-BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Research / experimental compound — pricing not applicable for routine clinical use	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ACETYLCYSTEINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	UK £5–£12 / 30 tabs or effervescent · US $8–$15 / 30-60 tabs (NAC)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
AIR, MEDICAL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ALFIMEPRASE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ALIROCUMAB	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMELPARIB DIHYDROCHLORIDE DIHYDRATE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ARUNDIC ACID	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ASPIRIN TRELAMINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	UK Very low cost · US Very low cost	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ATENOLOL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	UK £1–£3 / 28 tabs · US $3–$8 / 30 tabs	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
AUTOLOGOUS CORD BLOOD	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BALOVAPTAN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CANAGLIFLOZIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CAPSAICIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1201192	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1303	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1311	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1428	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1508	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL20	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL2108632	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL3185229	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL3545317	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL3681419	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL434394	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL589	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL689	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL771	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL779	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL856	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL862	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHORIOGONADOTROPIN ALFA	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
COLCHICINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CYCLOSPORINE	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DAPAGLIFLOZIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DARBEPOETIN ALFA	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DEXBORNEOL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DEXMEDETOMIDINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIMETHYL FUMARATE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DORNASE ALFA	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DROTRECOGIN ALFA (ACTIVATED)	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
EMPAGLIFLOZIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPOETIN BETA	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
EZETIMIBE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
FENTANYL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
GALANTAMINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
GHRELIN	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
GLYBURIDE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
GONADOTROPIN, CHORIONIC	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
HYDRALAZINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
HYDROGEN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
J147	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Research / experimental compound — pricing not applicable for routine clinical use	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
KALLIDINOGENASE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LENOGRASTIM	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MELDONIUM	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MENTHOL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIDAZOLAM	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIDODRINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	UK £55–£75 / 100 tabs (2.5-5mg) · US $18 / 90 tabs (2.5mg, Cost Plus)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MILVEXIAN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NATALIZUMAB	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NIACIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NICARDIPINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
OXYGEN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PEGFILGRASTIM	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PERFLENAPENT	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PERPHENAZINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PF-03049423	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PINOCEMBRIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
POTASSIUM	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPYLTHIOURACIL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RAMIPRIL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RECOMBINANT HUMAN KALLIKREIN-1	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
REDASEMTIDE	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RINVECALINASE ALFA	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RIOCIGUAT	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SCH-900271	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SENKTIDE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SODIUM ACETATE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SODIUM LACTATE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SODIUM NITRITE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
STREPTOKINASE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TALFIRASTIDE	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
THR-18	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
URIC ACID	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VALPROIC ACID	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VITAMIN B12	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VORAPAXAR	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
INTERFERON BETA-1A	Biologic	Phase I	Emerging	40	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIDODRINE HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	40	UK £55–£75 / 100 tabs (2.5-5mg) · US $18 / 90 tabs (2.5mg, Cost Plus)	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
SILDENAFIL CITRATE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	40	UK £2–£8 / 4–8 tabs (generic) · US $5–$15 / 10-30 tabs	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ALCOHOL	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ANISODINE HYDROBROMIDE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ASTAXANTHIN	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BROMOCRIPTINE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CAFFEINE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1286	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL2109060	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FIBRINOLYSIN, HUMAN	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
GLENZOCIMAB	Biologic	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
HUMAN IMMUNOGLOBULIN G	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
INSULIN ASPART	Biologic	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHYLPHENIDATE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PEGYLATED CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN (BOVINE)	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PENTOXIFYLLINE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PERFLUTREN	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PRASUGREL	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SILDENAFIL	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	UK £2–£8 / 4–8 tabs (generic) · US $5–$15 / 10-30 tabs	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VERAPAMIL	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	UK £2–£5 / 28 tabs · US $4–$10 / 30–60 tabs	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ACENOCOUMAROL	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMLODIPINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
APTIGANEL HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BEMPEDOIC ACID	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL1175	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CHEMBL516	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DEFEROXAMINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
EVOLOCUMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
INOSINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVOFLOXACIN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVORPHANOL	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MAGNESIUM	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NERVE GROWTH FACTOR	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NIACINAMIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROBUCOL	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RIBOFLAVIN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SIVELESTAT	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SUCCINIC ACID	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TAFOLECIMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VINPOCETINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VITAMIN K	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets

Drug	Type	Phase	Evidence	Score	Price (UK / US)	Trials & literature	Sources	Links
ACEBUTOLOL Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ACEBUTOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ACETALDEHYDE Repurposing via ALDH2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ACETAZOLAMIDE Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £3–£8 / 28–56 tabs · US $8–$15 / 30 tabs	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ACETYLCHOLINE Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ADUCANUMAB Repurposing via APOE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ALBUTEROL SULFATE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ALFUZOSIN Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ALFUZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMIODARONE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
AMITRIPTYLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £1–£3 / 28 tabs · US $4–$10 / 30 tabs	—	DGIdb	—
AMPHETAMINE Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
APIXABAN Repurposing via APOE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £20–£50 / 28-60 tabs · US $30–$70 / 30-60 tabs	—	DGIdb	—
ARBUTAMINE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ARFORMOTEROL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ARFORMOTEROL TARTRATE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ARGIPRESSIN Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	2 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT00390962 — The "COSMOS"-Study (Copeptin in Osmoregulation and Stress Assessment) (COMPLETED) NCT00878813 — Copeptin for Risk Stratification in Acute Stroke Patients: the CoRisk Study (COMPLETED) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
ASENAPINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ASPIRIN Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK Very low cost · US Very low cost	—	DGIdb	—
ATENOLOL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £1–£3 / 28 tabs · US $3–$8 / 30 tabs	—	DGIdb	—
ATORVASTATIN Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £1–£4 / 28 tabs · US $5–$12 / 30–90 tabs	—	DGIdb	—
BENAZEPRIL Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	3 trials 2 Trial pubs 2 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT05670028 — Cerebral Autoregulation Guiding Blood Pressure Management After Revascularization (UNKNOWN) PHASE2 NCT00691314 — Efficacy and Safety of Stent Implantation in Symptomatic Extra- and Intracranial Artery Stenosis (COMPLETED) NA NCT00664846 — Standard Medical Management in Secondary Prevention of Ischemic Stroke in China (COMPLETED) NA Published literature Clinical trial publication Amlodipine+benazepril is superior to hydrochlorothiazide+benazepril irrespective of baseline pulse pressure: subanalysis of the ACCOMPLISH trial (Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 2015) Clinical trial publication Baseline characteristics in the Avoiding Cardiovascular events through Combination therapy in Patients Living with Systolic Hypertension (ACCOMPLISH) trial: a hypertensive population at high cardiovascular risk (Blood pressure, 2007) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
BENAZEPRIL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
BENAZEPRILAT Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
BENZPHETAMINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
BETAXOLOL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
BETAXOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
BETHANIDINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
BICALUTAMIDE Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
BISOPROLOL Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
BISOPROLOL FUMARATE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
BITOLTEROL MESYLATE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
BRETYLIUM Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
BUMETANIDE Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
BUPROPION HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CABERGOLINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CANDOXATRIL Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CAPTOPRIL Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CARBACHOL Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CARTEOLOL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CARTEOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
CARVEDILOL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£5 / 28 tabs · US $5–$10 / 30 tabs	—	DGIdb	—
CARVEDILOL PHOSPHATE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£5 / 28 tabs · US $5–$10 / 30 tabs	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
CELIPROLOL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CHOLESTEROL Repurposing via APOE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CHORIOGONADOTROPIN ALFA Repurposing via APOE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CILAZAPRIL Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CIPROFLOXACIN Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CISPLATIN Repurposing via ALDH2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Hospital / IV specialty — prices per vial or dose (often hundreds–thousands USD/GBP)	—	DGIdb	—
CLOMIPRAMINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CLOMIPRAMINE Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CLONIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CLOTRIMAZOLE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CLOZAPINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
CYPROHEPTADINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DAPIPRAZOLE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DAPIPRAZOLE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DEBRISOQUIN Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DEHYDRATED ALCOHOL Repurposing via ALDH2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DESERPIDINE Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DESIPRAMINE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DEXMEDETOMIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DEXTROAMPHETAMINE SULFATE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DIAZEPAM Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £1–£3 / 28 tabs · US $3–$8 / 30 tabs	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DICHLORPHENAMIDE Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIENESTROL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DIETHYLSTILBESTROL Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DILEVALOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIPIVEFRIN Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DIPIVEFRIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DISULFIRAM Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DOBUTAMINE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DOBUTAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DOCETAXEL ANHYDROUS Repurposing via ALDH2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Hospital / IV specialty — prices per vial or dose (often hundreds–thousands USD/GBP)	—	DGIdb	—
DONANEMAB Repurposing via APOE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DONEPEZIL Repurposing via APOE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DOPAMINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DOPAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DOXAZOSIN MESYLATE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DOXAZOSIN MESYLATE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DRONEDARONE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DROXIDOPA Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ENALAPRIL MALEATE Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	2 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT01422616 — Enhanced Control of Hypertension and Thrombolysis Stroke Study (ENCHANTED) (COMPLETED) PHASE3 NCT01840072 — China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke (COMPLETED) NA CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
ENALAPRILAT Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ENALAPRILAT ANHYDROUS Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
EPHEDRINE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
EPHEDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPHEDRINE SULFATE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPINEPHRINE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
EPINEPHRINE BITARTRATE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPIRUBICIN Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Hospital / IV specialty — prices per vial or dose (often hundreds–thousands USD/GBP)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ERGOLOID MESYLATES Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ERGOLOID MESYLATES, USP Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ERGOTAMINE Repurposing via ADRA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ERGOTAMINE TARTRATE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ESMOLOL Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ESMOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ETHOXZOLAMIDE Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FENOFIBRATE MICRONIZED Repurposing via APOE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
FENOTEROL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
FLECAINIDE ACETATE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
FLUMAZENIL Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FLUOXETINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	1 trials 1 Cochrane 2 Meta-analysis 3 Trial pubs 2 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT03448159 — Fluoxetine Opens Window to Improve Motor Recovery After Stroke (COMPLETED) PHASE2 Published literature Cochrane review Meta-analysis of the clinical effectiveness of combined acupuncture and Western Medicine to treat post-stroke depression (Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan, 2021) Meta-analysis Efficacy and safety of modified Sini San for treating poststroke depression: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (Explore (New York, N.Y.), 2021) Clinical trial publication Depression Outcomes Among Patients Treated With Fluoxetine for Stroke Recovery: The AFFINITY Randomized Clinical Trial (JAMA neurology, 2021) Clinical trial publication [Effect of early intervention of liver-smoothing and blood-activating decoction combined with acupuncture on patients with post-stroke depression] (Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica, 2013) Clinical trial publication Clinical studies on event-related potentials (ERPs) N400 and the related factors in patients with poststroke depression (PSD) (International journal of psychiatry in medicine, 2010) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
FLUVASTATIN Repurposing via APOE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
FORMOTEROL FUMARATE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
FORMOTEROL FUMARATE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
FOSINOPRIL Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
FOSINOPRIL SODIUM Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
FOSLEVODOPA Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
FUROSEMIDE Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
GALANTAMINE Repurposing via APOE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
GANCICLOVIR Repurposing via APOE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
GEMCITABINE Repurposing via ALOX5AP	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Hospital / IV specialty — prices per vial or dose (often hundreds–thousands USD/GBP)	—	DGIdb	—
GLYCOPYRRONIUM BROMIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
HYDROXYAMPHETAMINE HYDROBROMIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ILOPERIDONE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
IMIDAPRIL Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	1 Meta-analysis View evidence Published literature Meta-analysis Post-stroke pneumonia prevention by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors: results of a meta-analysis of five studies in Asians (Advances in therapy, 2012) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
IMIPRAMINE Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
INDACATEROL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
INDACATEROL MALEATE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
INDAPAMIDE Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
INDOMETHACIN Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
INDOMETHACIN Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
IRBESARTAN Repurposing via APOE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ISOETHARINE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ISOETHARINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ISOETHARINE MESYLATE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ISOPROTERENOL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ISOPROTERENOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ISOPROTERENOL SULFATE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
LABETALOL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
LABETALOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LANDIOLOL Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
LANDIOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LECANEMAB Repurposing via APOE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
LEVALBUTEROL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
LEVALBUTEROL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVALBUTEROL TARTRATE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVOBETAXOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVOBUNOLOL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
LEVOBUNOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LISDEXAMFETAMINE DIMESYLATE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
LISINOPRIL Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LISINOPRIL ANHYDROUS Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
LORAZEPAM Repurposing via APOE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
LUTEIN Repurposing via APOE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
MAFENIDE Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MALATHION Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
MECAMYLAMINE Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MEPHENTERMINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
MEPHENTERMINE SULFATE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
MEPOLIZUMAB Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
METAPROTERENOL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
METAPROTERENOL SULFATE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
METARAMINOL Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
METARAMINOL BITARTRATE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHACHOLINE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
METHAMPHETAMINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
METHAZOLAMIDE Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHOTRIMEPRAZINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
METHOXAMINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
METHOXAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHOXSALEN Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
METIPRANOLOL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
METIPRANOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METOPROLOL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£4 / 28 tabs · US $4–$9 / 30 tabs	—	DGIdb	—
METOPROLOL Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£4 / 28 tabs · US $4–$9 / 30 tabs	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
METOPROLOL FUMARATE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£4 / 28 tabs · US $4–$9 / 30 tabs	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METOPROLOL SUCCINATE Repurposing via ADRA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£4 / 28 tabs · US $4–$9 / 30 tabs	—	DGIdb	—
METOPROLOL SUCCINATE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£4 / 28 tabs · US $4–$9 / 30 tabs	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METOPROLOL TARTRATE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£4 / 28 tabs · US $4–$9 / 30 tabs	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIANSERIN Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIDODRINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £55–£75 / 100 tabs (2.5-5mg) · US $18 / 90 tabs (2.5mg, Cost Plus)	—	DGIdb	—
MIDODRINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £55–£75 / 100 tabs (2.5-5mg) · US $18 / 90 tabs (2.5mg, Cost Plus)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIRABEGRON Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
MODAFINIL Repurposing via ADRA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
MOEXIPRIL Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
MOEXIPRIL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
MOXISYLYTE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
NADOLOL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
NADOLOL Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NAFTOPIDIL Repurposing via ADRA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NALIDIXIC ACID Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
NALTREXONE Repurposing via ALDH2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £15–£30 / 28–50 tabs (low-dose) · US $20–$40 / 30 tabs	—	DGIdb	—
NAPHAZOLINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
NAPHAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NEBIVOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NEFAZODONE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
NICOTINE Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
NICOTINE POLACRILEX Repurposing via APOE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
NIFEDIPINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
NITROGLYCERIN Repurposing via ALDH2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
NITROPRUSSIDE Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
NOREPINEPHRINE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
NOREPINEPHRINE BITARTRATE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NORETHINDRONE ACETATE Repurposing via APOE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
NORFLOXACIN Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
NORTRIPTYLINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
OFLOXACIN Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
OLANZAPINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
OLODATEROL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
OLODATEROL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
OXPRENOLOL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
OXPRENOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
OXYMETAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
OXYMETAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PAPAVERINE Repurposing via ADRA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PENBUTOLOL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PENBUTOLOL SULFATE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PERINDOPRIL Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PERINDOPRIL ARGININE Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PERINDOPRIL ERBUMINE Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PERINDOPRILAT Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
PHENDIMETRAZINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PHENOXYBENZAMINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PHENOXYBENZAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENTOLAMINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PHENTOLAMINE MESYLATE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLEPHRINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PHENYLEPHRINE BITARTRATE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLEPHRINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE POLISTIREX Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYTOIN Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £3–£8 / supply · US $6–$15 / 30 tabs	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
PINDOLOL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PIRBUTEROL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PIRBUTEROL ACETATE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PRACTOLOL Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PRAVASTATIN SODIUM Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PRAZOSIN Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£6 / 28–60 tabs · US $5–$12 / 30–60 tabs	—	DGIdb	—
PRAZOSIN Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£6 / 28–60 tabs · US $5–$12 / 30–60 tabs	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
PRAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£6 / 28–60 tabs · US $5–$12 / 30–60 tabs	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PREDNISONE Repurposing via APOE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£5 / 28–30 tabs · US $4–$8 / 30 tabs	—	DGIdb	—
PRILOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROMAZINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PRONETALOL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPAFENONE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PROPAFENONE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPIOMAZINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PROPRANOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£5 / 28–56 tabs · US $4–$10 / 30–60 tabs	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROTOKYLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PSEUDOEPHEDRINE POLISTIREX Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
QUETIAPINE FUMARATE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
QUINAPRIL Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
QUINAPRIL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
QUINAPRILAT Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
RACEPINEPHRINE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
RAMIPRIL Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
RAMIPRILAT Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
RAUWOLFIA SERPENTINA Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
RAUWOLFIA SERPENTINA (USP) Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
RESCINNAMINE Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
RISPERIDONE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
RITODRINE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
RITODRINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
RITONAVIR Repurposing via APOE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
RIVASTIGMINE Repurposing via APOE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
SALMETEROL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
SALMETEROL XINAFOATE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
SERTINDOLE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
SILDENAFIL Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	UK £2–£8 / 4–8 tabs (generic) · US $5–$15 / 10-30 tabs	—	DGIdb	—
SILODOSIN Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
SIROLIMUS Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
SODIUM CHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
SOTALOL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
SOTALOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
SPIRAPRIL Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
SPIRAPRIL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
SUFENTANIL Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
SULBACTAM Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TACROLIMUS ANHYDROUS Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TAMSULOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TAMSULOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TAZOBACTAM Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TERAZOSIN Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TERAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TERBUTALINE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TERBUTALINE SULFATE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TETRAHYDROZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
THIORIDAZINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TIMOLOL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TIMOLOL MALEATE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TIOTROPIUM Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TOLAZOLINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TOLAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TORSEMIDE Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TRANDOLAPRIL Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	7 Trial pubs 7 RCT View evidence Published literature Clinical trial publication Prognostic utility of secretory phospholipase A(2) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (Clinical chemistry, 2011) Clinical trial publication Pulse pressure and risk of cardiovascular outcomes in patients with hypertension and coronary artery disease: an INternational VErapamil SR-trandolapril STudy (INVEST) analysis (European heart journal, 2009) Clinical trial publication Alpha-adducin polymorphism associated with increased risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes: results from GENEtic Substudy of the INternational VErapamil SR-trandolapril STudy (INVEST-GENES) (American heart journal, 2008) Clinical trial publication Verapamil-sustained release-based treatment strategy is equivalent to atenolol-based treatment strategy at reducing cardiovascular events in patients with prior myocardial infarction: an INternational VErapamil SR-Trandolapril (INVEST) substudy (American heart journal, 2008) Clinical trial publication Prognostic significance of the Centers for Disease Control/American Heart Association high-sensitivity C-reactive protein cut points for cardiovascular and other outcomes in patients with stable coronary artery disease (Circulation, 2007) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
TRANDOLAPRILAT Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TRAZODONE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TRETINOIN Repurposing via APOE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TRIAMCINOLONE Repurposing via APOE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TRIFLUOPERAZINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TRIMIPRAMINE MALEATE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TROGLITAZONE Repurposing via APOE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
TROGLITAZONE Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
VILANTEROL Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
VILANTEROL TRIFENATATE Repurposing via ADRB2	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
VORINOSTAT Repurposing via ACE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
XYLOMETAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ZIPRASIDONE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
DARAPLADIB Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	70	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FENRETINIDE Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	70	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FIBOFLAPON Repurposing via ALOX5AP	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	50	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
FIBOFLAPON SODIUM Repurposing via ALOX5AP	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	50	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIRIVADELGAT Repurposing via ALDH2	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	50	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
PRUNETIN Repurposing via ALDH2	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	50	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
VELIFLAPON Repurposing via ALOX5AP	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	50	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	DGIdb	—
ALPRENOLOL Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMIFLOXACIN Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
BROLAMFETAMINE Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CARZENIDE Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIFLOXACIN Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIMECAMINE Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ELLAGIC ACID Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ENISOPROST Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FENCAMFAMIN Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FLEROXACIN Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
IDOXIFENE Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
LYSERGIDE Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MERAFLOXACIN Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TENAMFETAMINE Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ZIDAPAMIDE Repurposing via ABO	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets

Natural Products

99 natural products with the same evidence schema as repurposed drugs — registry trials, PubMed literature, and reference links (pipeline-ranked). Only agents with direct clinical evidence are shown by default.

Reference lookups: Examine.com

Show agents without direct trial evidence

Drug	Type	Phase	Evidence	Score	Price (UK / US)	Trials & literature	Sources	Links
Lactobacillus Natural product Systematic review What Are the Key Gut Microbiota Involved in Neurological Diseases? A Sy…	Probiotic	Phase II	Emerging	16	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	4 trials 1 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT05845983 — LA Improves the Prognosis of Patients With ICVD (NOT_YET_RECRUITING) NA NCT04954846 — A Randomized Double Blinded Placebo Controlled Study on the Effects of Dietary Supplementation With a Probiotic on Stroke Patients (UNKNOWN) NA NCT05656209 — LA Improves the Prognosis of Patients With ICVD After Surgery (NOT_YET_RECRUITING) NA NCT03812445 — Cognition and Gut Microbiome Associated Study of Shanghai People With Acute Ischemic Stroke (UNKNOWN) NA Published literature Systematic review What Are the Key Gut Microbiota Involved in Neurological Diseases? A Systematic Review (International journal of molecular sciences, 2022) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
Melatonin Natural product Human Study Lower Melatonin Indicates poor short-term prognosis in patients with ac… Human Study Folic acid supplementation reduced the risk of first stroke associated…	Nutraceutical	Approved	Emerging	16	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	7 trials 1 Cochrane 5 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT05247125 — The Role of Circadian Factors in Regulation of Neuroplasticity in Ischemic Stroke (Interventional) (RECRUITING) PHASE4 NCT07443150 — The Effect of BWSTT on Neuroendocrine Profile and Functional Recovery in Stroke Patients (COMPLETED) NA NCT05857046 — Cerebroprotective Effect of Melatonin in Stroke (UNKNOWN) PHASE3 NCT06156059 — Oral Bedtime Melatonin in Critically Ill Patients (UNKNOWN) PHASE4 NCT02186392 — The Impact of Ergonomic Circadian Light on Hospitalized Stroke Patients in a Rehabilitation Unit (COMPLETED) NA NCT01863277 — Safety Study of Melatonin in Stroke Patients (UNKNOWN) PHASE4 NCT03843008 — Melatonin in Acute Stroke (WITHDRAWN) NA CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ClinicalTrials.gov	PubChem
Probiotics Natural product Clinical trial publication Clinical trial of the effects of postbiotic supplementation on inflamma…	Probiotic	Phase II	Emerging	16	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	3 trials 1 Trial pubs View evidence Registry trials NCT04954846 — A Randomized Double Blinded Placebo Controlled Study on the Effects of Dietary Supplementation With a Probiotic on Stroke Patients (UNKNOWN) NA NCT07651332 — A Study of Probiotics in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke (NOT_YET_RECRUITING) PHASE2 NCT03812445 — Cognition and Gut Microbiome Associated Study of Shanghai People With Acute Ischemic Stroke (UNKNOWN) NA Published literature Clinical trial publication Clinical trial of the effects of postbiotic supplementation on inflammation, oxidative stress, and clinical outcomes in patients with CVA (Scientific reports, 2024) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
Creatine Natural product Application of the Win Ratio Method in the ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 Trial Comp… Comparison of statins for secondary prevention in patients with ischemi… [Short- or long-outcome of early tirofiban in ST-segment elevated acute…	Amino acid	Phase I	Emerging	10	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	1 trials 2 Cochrane 22 Trial pubs 12 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT06576466 — Effect of Supplementation With Creatine on the Recovery of Ischemic Stroke (RECRUITING) NA CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ClinicalTrials.gov	PubChem
Vitamin D3 Natural product Systematic review Cardiovascular disease and vitamin D supplementation: trial analysis, s… Meta Analysis Calcium supplements with or without vitamin D increase the risk of card… Meta Analysis The impact of plasma vitamin C levels on the risk of cardiovascular dis…	Nutraceutical	Approved	Emerging	10	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	3 trials 4 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT02996721 — A Trial Evaluating Vitamin D Normalization on Major Adverse Cardiovascular-Related Events Among Myocardial Infarction Patients (COMPLETED) PHASE4 NCT03819452 — Impact of Vitamin D on Acute Ischemic Stroke Prognosis (COMPLETED) NCT01395303 — Polymorphisms in the Vitamin D System and Health (COMPLETED) Published literature Systematic review Cardiovascular disease and vitamin D supplementation: trial analysis, systematic review, and meta-analysis (The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2014) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed		PubChem
Magnesium Natural product Clinical trial publication Is there diurnal variation in neuroprotective and thrombolytic therapy… Clinical trial publication Magnesium and Hematoma Expansion in Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A FAST-MA… Clinical trial publication Neurologic Improvement in Acute Cerebral Ischemia: Frequency, Magnitude…	Nutraceutical	Phase III	Emerging	10	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	8 trials 7 Cochrane 36 Trial pubs View evidence Registry trials NCT03826914 — The Effects of the Dietary Supplement CardioFlex Q10 on Reducing Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Adults (COMPLETED) NA NCT05032781 — Intra-Arterial Neuroprotective Agents and Cold Saline in Ischemic Stroke Intervention (WITHDRAWN) PHASE1 NCT04954846 — A Randomized Double Blinded Placebo Controlled Study on the Effects of Dietary Supplementation With a Probiotic on Stroke Patients (UNKNOWN) NA NCT07163299 — Intra-arterial Selective Hypothermic Magnesium Sulfate Infusion in Combination With Endovascular Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke (ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION) PHASE1, PHASE2 NCT05797792 — CHemical OptImization of Cerebral Embolectomy 2 (CHOICE 2). (ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING) PHASE3 NCT06760195 — Intra-arterial Hypothermic Magnesium Sulfate Infusion in Combination with Endovascular Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke (NOT_YET_RECRUITING) EARLY_PHASE1 NCT02912663 — Magnesium And Verapamil After Recanalization in Ischemia of the Cerebrum: a Clinical and Translational Study. (COMPLETED) PHASE1 NCT04412850 — Intravenous Magnesium Sulphate in Acute Ischemic Stroke (UNKNOWN) EARLY_PHASE1 Published literature Clinical trial publication Is there diurnal variation in neuroprotective and thrombolytic therapy effect upon acute cerebral ischemia outcome? (Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association, 2025) Clinical trial publication Magnesium and Hematoma Expansion in Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A FAST-MAG Randomized Trial Analysis (Stroke, 2024) Clinical trial publication Neurologic Improvement in Acute Cerebral Ischemia: Frequency, Magnitude, Predictors, and Clinical Outcomes (Neurology, 2023) Clinical trial publication Effect of Magnesium on Deterioration and Symptomatic Hemorrhagic Transformation in Cerebral Ischemia: An Ancillary Analysis of the FAST-MAG Trial (Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2023) Clinical trial publication Magnesium Sulfate and Hematoma Expansion: An Ancillary Analysis of the FAST-MAG Randomized Trial (Stroke, 2022) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed		PubChem
Omega-3 Fatty Acids Natural product Meta Analysis Fish consumption reduces the risk of ischemic stroke in men. Meta Analysis Fish consumption substantially reduces the relative risk of stroke. Meta Analysis Our data indicate that higher consumption of fish and omega-3 polyunsat…	Nutraceutical	Approved	Emerging	10	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	3 trials 6 Cochrane 7 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT01526824 — Lovaza's Effect on Clopidogrel in a Neuro Population (UNKNOWN) EARLY_PHASE1 NCT04386525 — Omega 3 and Ischemic Stroke; Fish Oil as an Option (UNKNOWN) PHASE4 NCT03258983 — Alpha-linolenic Acid and the Risk of ASCVD (COMPLETED) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed		PubChem
Vitamin C Natural product Cochrane review Supplemental Vitamins and Minerals for Cardiovascular Disease Preventio… Cochrane review Vitamin C supplementation for the primary prevention of cardiovascular… Randomized controlled trial Effects of vitamin C stimulation on rehabilitation of dysphagia after s…	Nutraceutical	Approved	Emerging	10	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	4 trials 2 Cochrane 10 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT01499511 — Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial: Post Trial Follow-Up Study (COMPLETED) NCT03826914 — The Effects of the Dietary Supplement CardioFlex Q10 on Reducing Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Adults (COMPLETED) NA NCT06823999 — Prevention and Treatment for Bruises in Patients With Ischemic Stroke (NOT_YET_RECRUITING) PHASE4 NCT02838901 — Dietary Nitrate Supplements and Ischemic Stroke Recovery (COMPLETED) PHASE2 Published literature Cochrane review Supplemental Vitamins and Minerals for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Treatment: JACC Focus Seminar (Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2021) Cochrane review Vitamin C supplementation for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2017) Randomized controlled trial Effects of vitamin C stimulation on rehabilitation of dysphagia after stroke: a randomized trial (European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine, 2022) Randomized controlled trial Collective impact of conventional cardiovascular risk factors and coronary calcium score on clinical outcomes with or without statin therapy: The St Francis Heart Study (Atherosclerosis, 2016) Randomized controlled trial α-Lipoic acid treatment of aged type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with acute cerebral infarction (European review for medical and pharmacological sciences, 2014) Randomized controlled trial Baseline oxidative defense and survival after 5-7 years among elderly stroke patients at nutritional risk: Follow-up of a randomized, nutritional intervention trial (Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2015) Randomized controlled trial Healthy behavior change and cardiovascular outcomes in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients: a cohort analysis of the ADDITION-Cambridge study (Diabetes care, 2014) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed		PubChem
Vitamin B12 Natural product Meta Analysis Calcium supplements with or without vitamin D increase the risk of card… Meta Analysis The impact of plasma vitamin C levels on the risk of cardiovascular dis… Meta Analysis This meta-analysis suggests significant inverse relationships between d…	Nutraceutical	Approved	Emerging	10	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	8 trials 12 Meta-analysis 25 Trial pubs View evidence Registry trials NCT00106886 — HOPE-2 Study (Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation-2 Study) (UNKNOWN) PHASE4 NCT00004734 — Vitamin Therapy for Prevention of Stroke (COMPLETED) PHASE3 NCT04425590 — The Benefit of Add On DLBS1033 for Ischemic Stroke Patient (UNKNOWN) PHASE2, PHASE3 NCT01317849 — China Stroke Secondary Prevention Trial (WITHDRAWN) NA NCT06190314 — SERUM VITAMIN B12 LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH HEMORRHAGIC VS ISCHEMIC CEREBROVASCULAR EVENT. (UNKNOWN) NCT00671346 — NORVIT and WENBIT - Long-term Follow-up (UNKNOWN) NCT06319534 — Stellate Ganglion Block in Bulbar Palsy (COMPLETED) NA NCT00097669 — VITATOPS: A Study of VITAmins TO Prevent Stroke (COMPLETED) NA CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed		PubChem
Folate Natural product Meta-analysis Folic acid supplementation for stroke prevention: A systematic review a… Meta-analysis From A to E: Uniting vitamins against stroke risk-A systematic review a… Meta-analysis Dietary Intake of Homocysteine Metabolism-Related B-Vitamins and the Ri…	Nutraceutical	Approved	Emerging	10	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	8 trials 12 Meta-analysis 21 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT00106886 — HOPE-2 Study (Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation-2 Study) (UNKNOWN) PHASE4 NCT00004734 — Vitamin Therapy for Prevention of Stroke (COMPLETED) PHASE3 NCT01594333 — Cardiovascular Inflammation Reduction Trial (COMPLETED) PHASE3 NCT02362984 — DLBS1033 for the Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke (TERMINATED) PHASE3 NCT02133521 — DLBS1033 for Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients (TERMINATED) PHASE2, PHASE3 NCT01317849 — China Stroke Secondary Prevention Trial (WITHDRAWN) NA NCT00671346 — NORVIT and WENBIT - Long-term Follow-up (UNKNOWN) NCT04974151 — China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial 2 for Participants With Hypertension and MTHFR 677 TT Genotype (RECRUITING) PHASE4 Published literature Meta-analysis Folic acid supplementation for stroke prevention: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 21 randomized clinical trials worldwide (Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2024) Meta-analysis From A to E: Uniting vitamins against stroke risk-A systematic review and network meta-analysis (European journal of clinical investigation, 2024) Meta-analysis Dietary Intake of Homocysteine Metabolism-Related B-Vitamins and the Risk of Stroke: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies (Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.), 2020) Meta-analysis Effects of Nutritional Supplements and Dietary Interventions on Cardiovascular Outcomes: An Umbrella Review and Evidence Map (Annals of internal medicine, 2019) Meta-analysis Folic Acid Supplementation for Stroke Prevention in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease (The American journal of the medical sciences, 2017) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed		PubChem
Calcium Natural product Meta Analysis Calcium supplements with or without vitamin D increase the risk of card… Meta Analysis High intakes of magnesium and potassium but not calcium were also signi… Human Study A diet rich in magnesium, potassium, and calcium may contribute to redu…	Nutraceutical	Approved	Emerging	10	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	8 trials 80 Meta-analysis View evidence Registry trials NCT04036409 — Optimal Blood Pressure for the prevenTIon of Major vAscuLar Events in Stroke Patients (ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING) NA NCT06785727 — StAtins in Frail OldEr Patients with Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack - the Randomized Controlled Trial (NOT_YET_RECRUITING) PHASE4 NCT02458755 — Intensive Statin Treatment in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients With INtracranial Atherosclerosis (UNKNOWN) PHASE4 NCT02643784 — Exploratory Study on the Effects of Early Rosuvastatin Treatment in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke (UNKNOWN) PHASE4 NCT01840072 — China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke (COMPLETED) NA NCT02549846 — AdminiStration of Statin On Acute Ischemic stRoke patienT Trial (COMPLETED) PHASE4 NCT05884502 — A Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Effect of High Dose Rosuvastatin Versus Rosuvastatin and Ezetimibe in Stroke (UNKNOWN) PHASE4 NCT03176498 — Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy (19#iSCLife®-CI) for Cerebral Infarction Patients in Convalescent Period. (SUSPENDED) PHASE1, PHASE2 CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed		PubChem
Lutein Natural product Systematic review Green leafy vegetable and lutein intake and multiple health outcomes Meta Analysis Higher blood concentrations of lutein are generally associated with bet… Meta Analysis Elevated baseline high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels are indepe…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	10	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	12 pubs View evidence Published literature Systematic review Green leafy vegetable and lutein intake and multiple health outcomes (Food chemistry, 2021) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed		PubChem
Garlic Natural product Human Study Garlic reduces a multitude of risk factors associated with arterioscler…	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	10	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed		PubChem
Olive Oil Natural product Meta Analysis, Review Ginkgo biloba extract appears to improve neurological function and depe… Human Study Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761® improves cognition and overall condition…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	10	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	2 trials 6 Trial pubs View evidence Registry trials NCT05921084 — MIND Diet to Improve Cognitive Function in Mild Stroke Patients (UNKNOWN) NA NCT06933212 — Effect of the Mediterranean Diet in Patients Affected by CADASIL and Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy. (RECRUITING) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed		—
Egcg Natural product Randomized controlled trial Epigallocatechin Gallate Extends Therapeutic Window of Recombinant Tiss… Meta Analysis Associations show no clear association between egg intake and increased… Human Study Consumption of fruit and vegetables-particularly cruciferous and green…	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	7	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	1 RCT View evidence Published literature Randomized controlled trial Epigallocatechin Gallate Extends Therapeutic Window of Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator Treatment for Brain Ischemic Stroke: A Randomized Double-Blind and Placebo-Controlled Trial (Clinical neuropharmacology, 2017) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed		PubChem
Potassium Natural product Systematic review Effect of low-sodium salt substitutes on blood pressure, detected hyper… Meta Analysis High intakes of magnesium and potassium but not calcium were also signi… Human Study A diet rich in magnesium, potassium, and calcium may contribute to redu…	Nutraceutical	Approved	Emerging	7	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	8 trials 5 Cochrane View evidence Registry trials NCT02403349 — Comparison of Peripheral and Cerebral Arterial Flow in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Fimasartan vs. Valsartan vs. Atenolol (UNKNOWN) PHASE4 NCT01954290 — Study of Stroke Related Edema Treatments (WITHDRAWN) PHASE2 NCT06443268 — Cerebrovascular Disease: Quality of Life (CODE: QoL) (RECRUITING) NCT00282867 — Glucose Regulation in Acute Stroke Patients (GRASP) Study (COMPLETED) PHASE2 NCT01173029 — Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone System Polymorphisms in Resistant Hypertension and Adverse Cardiovascular Events (COMPLETED) NCT00754429 — The Effect of Losartan Versus Amlodipine-based Therapy in Ischemic Stroke (0954-338)(COMPLETED) (COMPLETED) PHASE4 NCT04954846 — A Randomized Double Blinded Placebo Controlled Study on the Effects of Dietary Supplementation With a Probiotic on Stroke Patients (UNKNOWN) NA NCT06101667 — Efficacy and Safety of Endovascular Recanalization for Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion With Extended Time Window (ANGEL-BAO) (RECRUITING) NA Published literature Systematic review Effect of low-sodium salt substitutes on blood pressure, detected hypertension, stroke and mortality (Heart (British Cardiac Society), 2019) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed		PubChem
Melatonin Natural product Human Study Lower Melatonin Indicates poor short-term prognosis in patients with ac… Human Study Folic acid supplementation reduced the risk of first stroke associated…	Nutraceutical	Approved	Emerging	7	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	7 trials 1 Cochrane 5 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT05247125 — The Role of Circadian Factors in Regulation of Neuroplasticity in Ischemic Stroke (Interventional) (RECRUITING) PHASE4 NCT07443150 — The Effect of BWSTT on Neuroendocrine Profile and Functional Recovery in Stroke Patients (COMPLETED) NA NCT05857046 — Cerebroprotective Effect of Melatonin in Stroke (UNKNOWN) PHASE3 NCT06156059 — Oral Bedtime Melatonin in Critically Ill Patients (UNKNOWN) PHASE4 NCT02186392 — The Impact of Ergonomic Circadian Light on Hospitalized Stroke Patients in a Rehabilitation Unit (COMPLETED) NA NCT01863277 — Safety Study of Melatonin in Stroke Patients (UNKNOWN) PHASE4 NCT03843008 — Melatonin in Acute Stroke (WITHDRAWN) NA CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed		PubChem
Berberine Natural product Meta-analysis Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Plant Ext… Meta-analysis Effects of adjuvant berberine therapy on acute ischemic stroke: A meta-…	Botanical	Preclinical	Emerging	7	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	2 Meta-analysis View evidence Published literature Meta-analysis Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Plant Extracts on Cognitive Function and Quality of Life in Stroke Patients (Phytotherapy research : PTR, 2025) Meta-analysis Effects of adjuvant berberine therapy on acute ischemic stroke: A meta-analysis (Phytotherapy research : PTR, 2023) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed		PubChem
L-Carnitine Natural product Human Study Clinical evidence of acetyl-L-carnitine efficacy in the treatment of ac…	Amino acid	Preclinical	Emerging	7	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	25 pubs View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed		PubChem
Ginseng Natural product Human Study Efficacy and safety of Panax notoginseng saponins in the treatment of a…	Botanical	Preclinical	Emerging	7	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	5 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT01636154 — Clinical Application and Basic Study of Medicinal Fractions-based Herbal Combinations (COMPLETED) NA NCT03679364 — An Observational Registry Study of LUOTAI in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke in Vietnam (COMPLETED) NCT02544087 — Heat-clearing and Blood-activating Chinese Medicinal Components in Acute Cerebral Infarction (UNKNOWN) NA NCT01780480 — Dynamic Combination Therapy on Chinese Herbal Granules to Improve the Symptoms in Convalescent Phase of Ischemic Stroke (COMPLETED) NA NCT02796664 — Preventive Effects of Ginseng Against Atherosclerosis (COMPLETED) NA CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed		—
Boswellia Natural product Human Study Functional improvement and immune-inflammatory cytokines profile of isc…	Botanical	Preclinical	Emerging	7	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		PubChem
Iron Natural product Human Study Folic acid supplementation reduced the risk of first stroke associated…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	7	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		PubChem
Sulforaphane Natural product Advancements in research on the immune-inflammatory mechanisms mediated… NRF2 activation ameliorates blood-brain barrier injury after cerebral i… GLP-1R knockdown abrogates the protective effects of liraglutide on isc…	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	7	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		PubChem
Curcumin Natural product The effects of curcumin-piperine supplementation on inflammatory, oxida… Curcumin protects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats…	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	7	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		PubChem
Saffron Natural product Protective Properties of the Extract of Chrysanthemum on Patients with… Evaluation of modulatory effects of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) aqueous… Protective properties of the aqueous extract of saffron (Crocus sativus…	Botanical	Preclinical	Emerging	7	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		PubChem
Ginkgo Biloba Natural product Meta Analysis, Review Ginkgo biloba extract appears to improve neurological function and depe… Meta Analysis, Review The clinical efficacy of Ginkgo biloba leaf preparation on ischemic str… Human Study Efficacy of ginkgo diterpene lactone meglumine on cognitive function in…	Botanical	Preclinical	Emerging	2	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Cannabidiol Natural product Meta Analysis, Review This meta-analysis and systematic review has highlighted the haemodynam…	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	2	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		PubChem
Tamsulosin Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Terazosin Natural product Terazosin Attenuates Neuronal Pyroptosis by Regulating the Mitochondria…	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Lisinopril Anhydrous Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Enalaprilat Anhydrous Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Captopril Natural product Should hypertension be treated after acute stroke? A randomized control…	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Enalapril Natural product Self-Perceived Psychological Stress and Risk of First Stroke in Treated… Interaction of serum vitamin B(12) and folate with MTHFR genotypes on r… Plasma retinol and the risk of first stroke in hypertensive adults: a n…	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Quinapril Natural product [EVALUATION OF THE REGULATORY-ADAPTIVE STATUS FOR PROGNOSTICATION IN SY… Effects of quinapril on clinical outcome after coronary artery bypass g…	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Quinaprilat Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Moexipril Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Alprenolol Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Betaxolol Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Carteolol Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Propranolol Natural product Clinical associations during the year before Parkinson's disease diagno… Propranolol alleviates cerebral infarction through the β2-AR-mediated E… Thyrotoxicosis-Associated Hypercoagulability Leading to Concurrent Isch…	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Daidzin Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Daidzein Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
4'-hydroxychalcone Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Prunetin Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Omeprazole Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Water Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—	ClinicalTrials.gov	PubChem
Citicoline Natural product Meta Analysis Efficacy of citicoline as an acute stroke treatment. Meta Analysis Oral citicoline within the first 24 hours after onset in patients with… Human Study Citicoline for acute ischemic stroke in Mexican hospitals.	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		PubChem
Fruit: All Natural product Meta Analysis Increased fruit and vegetable intake in the range commonly consumed is… Meta Analysis The results from this meta-analysis support the hypothesis that consump… Human Study Consumption of fruit and vegetables-particularly cruciferous and green…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Vegetables: All Natural product Meta Analysis Increased fruit and vegetable intake in the range commonly consumed is… Meta Analysis The results from this meta-analysis support the hypothesis that consump… Human Study Consumption of fruit and vegetables-particularly cruciferous and green…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Flavonoids Natural product Human Study Consumptions of citrus fruits, strawberries and grapes were found assoc… Human Study Dietary flavonoid intake at midlife and healthy aging in women.	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Celery Oil Natural product Meta Analysis, Review Efficacy and safety of DL-3-n-butylphthalide in the treatment of postst… Human Study Butylphthalide combined with conventional treatment attenuates MMP-9 le… Human Study Butylphthalide soft capsules combined with modified tonic exercise ther…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Ginsenosides Natural product Meta Analysis, Review Available findings demonstrated the preclinical evidence that Ginsenosi… Human Study Ginsenoside Rd is efficacious against acute ischemic stroke. Human Study Ginsenoside-Rd improves outcome of acute ischaemic stroke.	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Chocolate Natural product Meta Analysis Chocolate consumption could lower the risk of coronary heart disease, s… Meta Analysis Chocolate consumption is associated with a substantial reduction in the… Human Study Chocolate consumption may reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke no…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Cholesterol Natural product Meta Analysis Lower cholesterol concentrations are associated with an increase risk o… Human Study Folic acid supplementation reduced the risk of first stroke associated…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Coffee Natural product Meta Analysis Coffee consumption of 4 cups or more per day showed a preventive effect…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Anthocyanins Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		PubChem
Cannabinoids Natural product Meta Analysis, Review Cannabinoids significantly reduced infarct volume and improve functiona…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Fish Natural product Meta Analysis Fish consumption reduces the risk of ischemic stroke in men. Meta Analysis Fish consumption substantially reduces the relative risk of stroke. Meta Analysis Our data indicate that higher consumption of fish and omega-3 polyunsat…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Isoflavones Natural product	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Salvia Miltiorrhiza Natural product Meta Analysis, Review Role of salvianolic acid B in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Ligustrazine Natural product Meta Analysis Tetramethylpyrazine may serve as a promising new clinical candidate for…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Hydrogen: Molecular Natural product Human Study Molecular hydrogen treatment was safe and effective in patients with ac…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Gastrodin Natural product Human Study A combination of gastrodin, folate, and vitamin-B12 in addition to stan…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Nuts Natural product Human Study Association of nut consumption with risk of stroke and cardiovascular d…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Moxibustion Natural product Human Study Clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture at sacral four points combined…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Cruciferous Vegetables Natural product Meta Analysis The results from this meta-analysis support the hypothesis that consump… Human Study Consumption of fruit and vegetables-particularly cruciferous and green… Human Study Daily consumption of green-yellow vegetables and fruits is associated w…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Grape Natural product Human Study Consumptions of citrus fruits, strawberries and grapes were found assoc…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Strawberry Natural product Human Study Consumptions of citrus fruits, strawberries and grapes were found assoc…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Berries: All Natural product Human Study Consumptions of citrus fruits, strawberries and grapes were found assoc… Human Study Dietary flavonoid intake at midlife and healthy aging in women.	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Onion Natural product Human Study Dietary flavonoid intake at midlife and healthy aging in women.	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Orange Natural product Human Study Dietary flavonoid intake at midlife and healthy aging in women.	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Safflower Natural product Human Study Effect and safety of hydroxysafflor yellow A for injection in patients…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Royal Jelly Natural product Human Study Effects of the royal jelly consumption on post-stroke complications in…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate) Natural product Human Study Epigallocatechin gallate could potentially be used as a supplement of t…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Fisetin Natural product Human Study Fisetin prolongs therapy window of brain ischemic stroke using tissue p…	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		PubChem
Glycyrrhizin Natural product Animal Study, Human Study Glycyrrhizin prevents hemorrhagic transformation and improves neurologi…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Hesperidin Natural product Human Study Hesperidin reduces adverse symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage.	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		PubChem
B-Complex Natural product Human Study High homocysteine levels may be associated with the pathogenesis of neu…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Carotenoids Natural product	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—
Apples Natural product	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	Varies — openprescribing.net (UK) / costplusdrugs.com or GoodRx (US)	—		—

Alterations and therapeutics are aggregated from public databases (Open Targets, HPO, ChEMBL, DGIdb, and others). Natural agents are candidates from OSMF narrative reviews on opensourcemed.info/chronic-disease.html — not approved treatments. This page is for research orientation only — not medical advice.

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