Disease overview
Alterations
80
Molecular (A)
63
Clinical (B–E)
0
Trial outcome measures (T)
17
Direct drugs
34
Via biomarker
397
Natural agents
0
Natural products
0
Merged ranked
431
With trial/literature evidence
25
Remission & chronicity
Spontaneous remission
Spontaneous remission at 1 year: ~50%; at 5 years: ~65-70%; but 10-15% remain chronic beyond 5 years; remission followed by relapse common
Best-intervention remission
Omalizumab (anti-IgE): complete symptom resolution in 36-44% at 12 weeks (GLACIAL, ASTERIA trials); high-dose antihistamines (4x standard dose): 50-60% symptom control; cyclosporine for antihistamine-refractory: 50-60% response; dupilumab for CSU: 73% UAS7 ≤6 at 24 weeks (Phase 3 LIBERTY-CSU CUPID 2023)
Drug-free remission
—
Relapse after remission
—
Chronicity
—
Gap size
Moderate — omalizumab is transformative but not accessible as first-line; many patients on inadequate antihistamine doses or antihistamine monotherapy long-term
Primary barrier
access/practice
Alterations
80 total · Types A (molecular) through E (functional). Molecular rows are Open Targets gene–disease associations (evidence column = OT association score), not measured levels; phenotypes are HPO terms annotated directly to this disease (Monarch); type T rows are outcome measures used in completed ClinicalTrials.gov studies, not alterations of the disease.
| Name | Type | Subtype | Direction | Frequency | Evidence | Sources | Links |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IGHE
immunoglobulin heavy constant epsilon |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.42 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| HRH1
histamine receptor H1 |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.39 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| IL4R
interleukin 4 receptor |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.33 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| DHFR
dihydrofolate reductase |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.26 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| BTK
Bruton tyrosine kinase |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.10 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| CNR1
cannabinoid receptor 1 |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.07 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| IL1B
interleukin 1 beta |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.07 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| OSMR
oncostatin M receptor |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.07 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| KIT
KIT proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.06 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| IL5RA
interleukin 5 receptor subunit alpha |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.04 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| ENPP3
ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 3 |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.02 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| IL6
interleukin 6 |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.02 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| IL5
interleukin 5 |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.02 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| FCER2
Fc epsilon receptor II |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.01 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| FCER1A
Fc epsilon receptor Ia |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.01 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| IL10
interleukin 10 |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.01 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| CRP
C-reactive protein |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.01 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| HRAS
HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.01 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| CD4
CD4 molecule |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.01 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| CD8A
CD8 subunit alpha |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.01 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| IL17A
interleukin 17A |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.01 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| CCL2
C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.01 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| CD40LG
CD40 ligand |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.01 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| CXCL8
C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.01 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| IFNG
interferon gamma |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.01 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| IL2
interleukin 2 |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.01 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| MRGPRX2
MAS related GPR family member X2 |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.00 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| IL18
interleukin 18 |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | OT score 0.00 | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| ADRA1A
adrenoceptor alpha 1A |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| ADRA1B
adrenoceptor alpha 1B |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| ADRA1D
adrenoceptor alpha 1D |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| ADRA2A
adrenoceptor alpha 2A |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| ADRA2B
adrenoceptor alpha 2B |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| ADRA2C
adrenoceptor alpha 2C |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| ADRB1
adrenoceptor beta 1 |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| ADRB2
adrenoceptor beta 2 |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| ADRB3
adrenoceptor beta 3 |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| BDNF
brain derived neurotrophic factor |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| BMX
BMX non-receptor tyrosine kinase |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| C5AR1
complement C5a receptor 1 |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| CACNA1C
calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 C |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| CCL5
C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| CLU
clusterin |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| FASLG
Fas ligand |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| IL13
interleukin 13 |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| IL2RA
interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| IL2RB
interleukin 2 receptor subunit beta |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| IL2RG
interleukin 2 receptor subunit gamma |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| IL31
interleukin 31 |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| IL33
interleukin 33 |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| IL9
interleukin 9 |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| INS
insulin |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| ITK
IL2 inducible T cell kinase |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| JAK3
Janus kinase 3 |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| PDE10A
phosphodiesterase 10A |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| PDE1A
phosphodiesterase 1A |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| PDE1B
phosphodiesterase 1B |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| PDE1C
phosphodiesterase 1C |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| PDE2A
phosphodiesterase 2A |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| PDE3A
phosphodiesterase 3A |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| PDE3B
phosphodiesterase 3B |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| PDE4A
phosphodiesterase 4A |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| PDE4B
phosphodiesterase 4B |
Molecular | Gene | — | — | Open Targets association (score n/a) | Open Targets | UniProt Ensembl Open Targets |
| AK006 Anti-drug Antibodies (ADAs) | Trial outcome measure | Lab value | — | — | Trial outcome measure | ClinicalTrials.gov | — |
| AK006 serum concentrations | Trial outcome measure | Lab value | — | — | Trial outcome measure | ClinicalTrials.gov | — |
| Area Under the Concentration-time Curve From Time 0 to 24 Hours (AUC [0-24]) of GSK2646264 for Part A | Trial outcome measure | Lab value | — | — | Trial outcome measure | ClinicalTrials.gov | — |
| Change From Baseline in Electrocardiogram (ECG) Parameters for Part A | Trial outcome measure | Lab value | — | — | Trial outcome measure | ClinicalTrials.gov | — |
| Change From Baseline in Vital Sign Parameter Heart Rate for Part A | Trial outcome measure | Lab value | — | — | Trial outcome measure | ClinicalTrials.gov | — |
| Change From Baseline in Weekly Hives Severity Score at Week 12 | Trial outcome measure | Clinical scale | — | — | Trial outcome measure | ClinicalTrials.gov | — |
| Change From Baseline in Weekly Hives Severity Score at Week 24 | Trial outcome measure | Clinical scale | — | — | Trial outcome measure | ClinicalTrials.gov | — |
| Change From Baseline in Weekly Itch Severity Score at Week 12 | Trial outcome measure | Clinical scale | — | — | Trial outcome measure | ClinicalTrials.gov | — |
| Change From Baseline in Weekly Itch Severity Score at Week 24 | Trial outcome measure | Clinical scale | — | — | Trial outcome measure | ClinicalTrials.gov | — |
| Change From Baseline in Weekly Urticaria Activity Score at Week 12 | Trial outcome measure | Clinical scale | — | — | Trial outcome measure | ClinicalTrials.gov | — |
| Change From Baseline in Weekly Urticaria Activity Score at Week 24 | Trial outcome measure | Clinical scale | — | — | Trial outcome measure | ClinicalTrials.gov | — |
| Change From Baseline in the Overall Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) Score at Week 12 | Trial outcome measure | Clinical scale | — | — | Trial outcome measure | ClinicalTrials.gov | — |
| Change From Baseline in the Urticaria Activity Score Over 7 Days (UAS7) at Week 12 | Trial outcome measure | Clinical scale | — | — | Trial outcome measure | ClinicalTrials.gov | — |
| ECG parameters from baseline | Trial outcome measure | Lab value | — | — | Trial outcome measure | ClinicalTrials.gov | — |
| Number of Participants With AEs and SAEs Defined by Severity Part A | Trial outcome measure | Lab value | — | — | Trial outcome measure | ClinicalTrials.gov | — |
| Number of Participants With Hematology Data Outside the Range of PCI for Part A | Trial outcome measure | Lab value | — | — | Trial outcome measure | ClinicalTrials.gov | — |
| Number of Participants With Treatment-emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs) and Treatment-emergent Serious Adverse Events (TESAEs) | Trial outcome measure | Lab value | — | — | Trial outcome measure | ClinicalTrials.gov | — |
Every alteration recorded for this condition is missing a direction or frequency value.
Therapeutics
Direct disease associations, biomarker-linked drugs, OSMF narrative-review natural agents, and merged ranking. Only agents with registry trials or published clinical literature are shown by default.
| Drug | Type | Phase | Evidence | Score | Price (UK / US) | Trials & literature | Sources | Links |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ACALABRUTINIB Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| ACALABRUTINIB MALEATE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| ACEBUTOLOL Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| ACEBUTOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| ACETAZOLAMIDE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | UK £3–£8 / 28–56 tabs · US $8–$15 / 30 tabs | — | ChEMBL | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| ADAPALENE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| ALBUTEROL SULFATE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| ALFUZOSIN Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| ALFUZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| AMIODARONE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| AMITRIPTYLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | UK £1–£3 / 28 tabs · US $4–$10 / 30 tabs | — | DGIdb | — |
| AMLODIPINE BENZOATE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| AMLODIPINE BESYLATE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| AMLODIPINE MALEATE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| AMPHETAMINE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | ChEMBL | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| APOMORPHINE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| APRACLONIDINE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| APRACLONIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| ARBUTAMINE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| ARFORMOTEROL Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| ARFORMOTEROL TARTRATE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| ARGIPRESSIN Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| ARSENIC TRIOXIDE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| ASENAPINE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| ATENOLOL Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | UK £1–£3 / 28 tabs · US $3–$8 / 30 tabs | — | DGIdb | — |
| ATIPAMEZOLE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| ATROPINE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| BACLOFEN Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| BENZPHETAMINE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| BEPRIDIL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| BETAXOLOL Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| BETAXOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| BETHANIDINE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| BICALUTAMIDE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | ChEMBL | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| BISOPROLOL Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| BISOPROLOL FUMARATE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| BITOLTEROL MESYLATE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| BORTEZOMIB Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Hospital / IV specialty — prices per vial or dose (often hundreds–thousands USD/GBP) | — | DGIdb | — |
| BRETYLIUM Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| BRIMONIDINE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| BRIMONIDINE TARTRATE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| BROMOCRIPTINE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| CABERGOLINE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| CAMPTOTHECIN Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| CAPSAICIN Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| CARBACHOL Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | ChEMBL | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| CARTEOLOL Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | — | DGIdb | — |
| CARTEOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | No indexed hits View evidence |
DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| CARVEDILOL Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | UK £2–£5 / 28 tabs · US $5–$10 / 30 tabs | No indexed hits View evidence |
DGIdb | — |
| CARVEDILOL PHOSPHATE Repurposing | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | UK £2–£5 / 28 tabs · US $5–$10 / 30 tabs | No indexed hits View evidence |
DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| Drug | Type | Phase | Evidence | Score | Price (UK / US) | Sources | Links |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BARZOLVOLIMAB | Biologic | Phase III | Moderate | 80 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| BILASTINE | Small molecule | Phase III | Moderate | 80 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| CHOLECALCIFEROL | Small molecule | Phase III | Moderate | 80 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| DESLORATADINE | Small molecule | Phase III | Moderate | 80 | UK £1–£2 / 30 tabs · US $3–$6 / 30 tabs | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| DUPILUMAB | Biologic | Phase III | Moderate | 80 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| LEVOCETIRIZINE | Small molecule | Phase III | Moderate | 80 | UK £1–£2 / 30 tabs (10mg) · US $4 / 30 tabs (GoodRx) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| LIGELIZUMAB | Biologic | Phase III | Moderate | 80 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| METHOTREXATE | Small molecule | Phase III | Moderate | 80 | Hospital / IV specialty — prices per vial or dose (often hundreds–thousands USD/GBP) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| OMALIZUMAB | Biologic | Phase III | Moderate | 80 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| OZUREPRUBART | Biologic | Phase III | Moderate | 80 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| REMIBRUTINIB | Small molecule | Phase III | Moderate | 80 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| RUPATADINE | Small molecule | Phase III | Moderate | 80 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| ALDESLEUKIN | Biologic | Phase II | Emerging | 60 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| AZD1981 | Small molecule | Phase II | Emerging | 60 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| BENRALIZUMAB | Biologic | Phase II | Emerging | 60 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| CANAKINUMAB | Biologic | Phase II | Emerging | 60 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| CANNABIDIOL | Small molecule | Phase II | Emerging | 60 | UK Varies (specialist) · US $30–$80 / 30-day (varies by product) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| CILOSTAZOL | Small molecule | Phase II | Emerging | 60 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| DIPYRIDAMOLE | Small molecule | Phase II | Emerging | 60 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| EPINEPHRINE | Small molecule | Phase II | Emerging | 60 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| ETANERCEPT | Biologic | Phase II | Emerging | 60 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| FENEBRUTINIB | Small molecule | Phase II | Emerging | 60 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| LESIGERCEPT | Biologic | Phase II | Emerging | 60 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| LIRENTELIMAB | Biologic | Phase II | Emerging | 60 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| POVORCITINIB | Small molecule | Phase II | Emerging | 60 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| QUILIZUMAB | Biologic | Phase II | Emerging | 60 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| RILZABRUTINIB | Small molecule | Phase II | Emerging | 60 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| RITLECITINIB | Small molecule | Phase II | Emerging | 60 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| TEZEPELUMAB | Biologic | Phase II | Emerging | 60 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| TIRABRUTINIB | Small molecule | Phase II | Emerging | 60 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| UCENPRUBART | Biologic | Phase II | Emerging | 60 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| VIXARELIMAB | Biologic | Phase II | Emerging | 60 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| BRIQUILIMAB | Biologic | Phase I | Emerging | 35 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| MEPOLIZUMAB | Biologic | Phase I | Emerging | 35 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | Open Targets | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| Drug | Type | Phase | Evidence | Score | Price (UK / US) | Sources | Links |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ACALABRUTINIB Repurposing via BTK | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | — |
| ACALABRUTINIB MALEATE Repurposing via BTK | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| ACEBUTOLOL Repurposing via ADRA2C | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | — |
| ACEBUTOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB1 | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| ACETAZOLAMIDE Repurposing via ADRA1A | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | UK £3–£8 / 28–56 tabs · US $8–$15 / 30 tabs | ChEMBL | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| ADAPALENE Repurposing via BDNF | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | — |
| ALBUTEROL SULFATE Repurposing via ADRB2 | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| ALFUZOSIN Repurposing via ADRA1B | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | — |
| ALFUZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| AMIODARONE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1A | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | — |
| AMITRIPTYLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via BDNF | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | UK £1–£3 / 28 tabs · US $4–$10 / 30 tabs | DGIdb | — |
| AMLODIPINE BENZOATE Repurposing via CACNA1C | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| AMLODIPINE BESYLATE Repurposing via CACNA1C | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | — |
| AMLODIPINE MALEATE Repurposing via CACNA1C | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| AMPHETAMINE Repurposing via ADRA1A | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | ChEMBL | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| APOMORPHINE Repurposing via ADRA2C | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | — |
| APRACLONIDINE Repurposing via ADRA2C | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | — |
| APRACLONIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2C | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| ARBUTAMINE Repurposing via ADRB1 | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | — |
| ARFORMOTEROL Repurposing via ADRB2 | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | — |
| ARFORMOTEROL TARTRATE Repurposing via ADRB2 | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| ARGIPRESSIN Repurposing via BDNF | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | — |
| ARSENIC TRIOXIDE Repurposing via BDNF | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | — |
| ASENAPINE Repurposing via ADRA2C | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | — |
| ATENOLOL Repurposing via ADRA2C | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | UK £1–£3 / 28 tabs · US $3–$8 / 30 tabs | DGIdb | — |
| ATIPAMEZOLE Repurposing via ADRA2C | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | — |
| ATROPINE Repurposing via ADRA2A | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | — |
| BACLOFEN Repurposing via BDNF | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | — |
| BENZPHETAMINE Repurposing via ADRA1A | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | — |
| BEPRIDIL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via CACNA1C | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| BETAXOLOL Repurposing via ADRA2C | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | — |
| BETAXOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB1 | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| BETHANIDINE Repurposing via ADRA2C | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | — |
| BICALUTAMIDE Repurposing via ADRA1A | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | ChEMBL | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| BISOPROLOL Repurposing via ADRA2C | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | — |
| BISOPROLOL FUMARATE Repurposing via ADRB1 | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| BITOLTEROL MESYLATE Repurposing via ADRB2 | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | ChEMBL Open Targets |
| BORTEZOMIB Repurposing via BDNF | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Hospital / IV specialty — prices per vial or dose (often hundreds–thousands USD/GBP) | DGIdb | — |
| BRETYLIUM Repurposing via ADRB1 | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | — |
| BRIMONIDINE Repurposing via ADRA2C | Small molecule | Approved | Strong | 95 | Varies — check openprescribing.net (UK) or costplusdrugs.com / GoodRx (US) | DGIdb | — |
Alterations and therapeutics are aggregated from public databases (Open Targets, HPO, ChEMBL, DGIdb, and others). Natural agents are candidates from OSMF narrative reviews on opensourcemed.info/chronic-disease.html — not approved treatments. This page is for research orientation only — not medical advice.
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