Remission & chronicity

Spontaneous remission

11% achieve drug-free remission (DFR) at median 74 months; most cohorts show 10-15% DFR ceiling

Best-intervention remission

Early aggressive treat-to-target improves DFR rates modestly; some biologic-era cohorts reach 20-25% DFR; on-drug remission rates (DAS28 <2.6) reach 40-60% with modern biologics and JAK inhibitors

Gap size

Small for drug-free remission (biological ceiling is genuinely low); large gap between on-drug remission and drug-free remission

Primary barrier

biological (DFR); practice (on-drug remission underachieved due to treatment inertia)

Treat-to-target strategy is guideline-recommended but poorly implemented in routine care; many patients remain on inadequate therapy without escalation

Biomarker Targets & Therapeutic Agents

Gene targets queried against DGIdb, Open Targets, ChEMBL, PubMed, and Europe PMC. Agents ranked: ● Clinical > ● Mechanistic > ● Correlative.

CD80 12 IL17A 72 IL1B 218 IL6 48 IL6R 12 JAK1 30 JAK2 256 JAK3 230 MMP3 208 MS4A1 26 PTPN22 10 TNF 91 TNFSF11 46

CD80

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Source
ABATACEPT	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
METHYLPREDNISOLONE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ANTINEOPLASTIC VACCINE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
BELATACEPT	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
DNA VACCINE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CLOPIDOGREL	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ROXITHROMYCIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CYCLOSPORINE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
PICIBANIL	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
TOREMIFENE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
GALIXIMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
VIAGENPUMATUCEL-L	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb

IL17A

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Potency	Source
SIMVASTATIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
IL-12	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SECUKINUMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TIBULIZUMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BIMEKIZUMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ANTI-IL17A MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY CJM112	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
VUNAKIZUMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
M-1095	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
AFASEVIKUMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PERAKIZUMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SIROLIMUS	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
GENTAMICIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
AZATHIOPRINE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
VIDOFLUDIMUS	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
COVA322	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BRODALUMAB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
IXEKIZUMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
IZOKIBEP	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
REMTOLUMAB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TETRACYCLINE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ERYTHROMYCIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
MANNITOL	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ABBV-257	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CJM-112	~ modulates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL4872876	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	110.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4858175	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	12.3 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4854787	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	89.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4878993	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	12.9 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4869568	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	6.2 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4876088	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	10.1 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4860250	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	14.3 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4866932	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	10.1 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4874078	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	7.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4845695	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	2.8 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4855085	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	4.6 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4860574	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	2.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4865978	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	2.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4870813	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	1.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4850368	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	3.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4851738	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	3.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL

Showing top 40 of 72 agents ranked by evidence tier.

IL1B

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Source
ASPIRIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
MAFOSFAMIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
DIACETYLRHEIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
INFLIXIMAB	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
LANSOPRAZOLE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
TILUDRONIC ACID	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
GEVOKIZUMAB	~ modulates	Mechanistic	DGIdb
LUTIKIZUMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CELASTROL	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CYTARABINE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
RILONACEPT	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
TT-301	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
METFORMIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ANTICONVULSANT AGENT	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ACITRETIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ERYTHROMYCIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ALTEPLASE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
OFLOXACIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
PENTOXIFYLLINE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
USTEKINUMAB	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
LITHIUM	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
RALOXIFENE HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE INHIBITOR	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
DRUGSATFDA.NDA:008378	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
NICARDIPINE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
GLUCOSAMINE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
BECLOMETHASONE DIPROPIONATE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
PAREGORIC	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CEFACLOR ANHYDROUS	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
IBUDILAST	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
MELATONIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
PENTAMIDINE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
PRAVASTATIN SODIUM	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
VERAPAMIL	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
THYROGLOBULIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
RISEDRONIC ACID	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
AUTOANTIGEN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CDP-484	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ETIDRONIC ACID	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 218 agents ranked by evidence tier.

IL6

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Source
CISPLATIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ZILTIVEKIMAB	~ modulates	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CHINESE HERBS	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
PF-04236921	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
MRA 003 US	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION INHIBITOR	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
BINETRAKIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
IBUDILAST	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
INSULIN, REGULAR, HUMAN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
SILTUXIMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
METRONIDAZOLE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CLAZAKIZUMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
GALLIUM NITRATE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
INTERFERON ALFA-2B	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
DULOXETINE HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
MEDI-5117	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
GEMFIBROZIL	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
BIAFINE CREAM	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ETANERCEPT	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ELSILIMOMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
SAQUINAVIR	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
INFLIXIMAB	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
LINEZOLID	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
IFOSFAMIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
OLOKIZUMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
HMG-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITOR	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
MIDOSTAURIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
SELENIUM	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
SIRUKUMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2B	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ECHINACEA PREPARATION	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ENZYME INHIBITOR	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
FENOFIBRATE MICRONIZED	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
VITAMIN K	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2A	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
RIBAVIRIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
VITAMIN A PALMITATE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ARSENIC TRIOXIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
DIHYDROSPHINGOSINE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
LEVOFLOXACIN ANHYDROUS	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 48 agents ranked by evidence tier.

IL6R

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Source
SARILUMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
SATRALIZUMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
LEVILIMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
VOBARILIZUMAB	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
RALOXIFENE HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
IL-6	↑ activates	Mechanistic	DGIdb
THALIDOMIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
PROTEASOME INHIBITOR	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
BAZEDOXIFENE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
SIRUKUMAB	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
FLUOROURACIL	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
TOCILIZUMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb

JAK1

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Source
RUXOLITINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
IZENCITINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
PEMBROLIZUMAB	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
RUXOLITINIB PHOSPHATE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
GOLIDOCITINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
FILGOTINIB MALEATE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
MOMELOTINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
AZD1480	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
DELGOCITINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
TRICETAMIDE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
TOFACITINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
PEFICITINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
BREPOCITINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
UPADACITINIB HEMIHYDRATE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CYCLOSPORINE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
INCB-047986	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ABROCITINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ENZASTAURIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CERDULATINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
NEZULCITINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
FILGOTINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
GLPG-0555	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
SOLCITINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
GUSACITINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ITACITINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
BARICITINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
MOMELOTINIB DIHYDROCHLORIDE MONOHYDRATE	? unclear	Mechanistic	Open Targets
DEURUXOLITINIB PHOSPHATE	? unclear	Mechanistic	Open Targets
TOFACITINIB CITRATE	? unclear	Mechanistic	Open Targets
UPADACITINIB	? unclear	Mechanistic	Open Targets

JAK2

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Potency	Source
TYRPHOSTIN 23	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
AZD1480	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PF-562271	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
JAK2V617F INHIBITOR INCB160058	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PEMBROLIZUMAB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TOFACITINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	11.0 nM (IC50)	DGIdb
RUXOLITINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
FEDRATINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TENALISIB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
FILGOTINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PACRITINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BARICITINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
NS-018	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TANESPIMYCIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
AZD1208	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PICTILISIB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
DOVITINIB	? unclear	Mechanistic	7000.0 nM (Kd)	DGIdb
AZ960	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
GANDOTINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2B	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
LUMINESPIB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ROPEGINTERFERON ALFA-2B	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
MOMELOTINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
AZD-1480	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
NEZULCITINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TYRPHOSTIN AG 555	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
GELDANAMYCIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL546797	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ERLOTINIB	? unclear	Mechanistic	4000.0 nM (IC50)	DGIdb
BINIMETINIB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PD-0166285	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SGI-1776	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
XL-019	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
THIRAM	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
RIBOCICLIB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ALFENTANIL HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL29197	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CEP-11981	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
DACTOLISIB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
AT-9283	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	1.2 nM (IC50)	DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 256 agents ranked by evidence tier.

JAK3

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Potency	Source
JNJ-7706621	? unclear	Mechanistic	180.0 nM (Kd)	DGIdb
GUSACITINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PEFICITINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TOFACITINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	13.0 nM (IC50)	DGIdb
DELGOCITINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
UPADACITINIB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
R-348	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TRICETAMIDE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CYC-116	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PHA-767491	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
UPADACITINIB HEMIHYDRATE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
RUXOLITINIB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
QUIZARTINIB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ADAVOSERTIB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SOTRASTAURIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
GO-6976	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
WHI-P131	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SORAFENIB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL379975	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
LAUROGUADINE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
NVP-TAE684	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
DEXAMETHASONE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ENTRECTINIB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
FILGOTINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ATEZOLIZUMAB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SELUMETINIB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TAMATINIB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
GW843682X	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
RITLECITINIB TOSYLATE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CENISERTIB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
NEZULCITINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
MIDOSTAURIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	12.0 nM (Kd)	DGIdb
BARICITINIB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PACRITINIB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
FILGOTINIB MALEATE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
AT9283	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
RITLECITINIB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PD-0166285	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
AT-9283	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	1.1 nM (IC50)	DGIdb
IZENCITINIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 230 agents ranked by evidence tier.

MMP3

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Potency	Source
PRINOMASTAT	? unclear	Mechanistic	1.1 nM (IC50)	DGIdb
CTS-1027	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BERKELEYTRIONE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
MARIMASTAT	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	25.0 nM (IC50)	DGIdb
PRAVASTATIN SODIUM	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BERKELEYACETAL B	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BERKELEYAMIDE B	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
LISINOPRIL ANHYDROUS	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ILOMASTAT	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BERKELEYDIONE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHLORTHALIDONE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BERKELEYAMIDE C	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BERKELEYACETAL C	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BERKELEYACETAL A	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL169084	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	13.0 nM (Ki)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL313483	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	43.0 nM (Ki)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL87113	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	6.0 nM (Ki)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL338077	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	9.499 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL339219	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	54.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL151539	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	2.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL435271	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	526.0 nM (Ki)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL85806	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	19.0 nM (Ki)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL332134	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	18.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL338007	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	8.892 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL125598	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	23.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL127093	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	16.98 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL151718	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	9.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL357728	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	5.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL348210	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	20.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL86797	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	6.0 nM (Ki)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL87229	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	15.0 nM (Ki)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL85987	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	54.0 nM (Ki)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL346624	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	16.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL353382	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	13.0 nM (Ki)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL167278	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	25.0 nM (Ki)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL169996	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	100.0 nM (Ki)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL86468	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	2200.0 nM (Ki)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL314251	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	17.0 nM (Ki)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL431601	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	112.0 nM (Ki)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL125281	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	184.08 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL

Showing top 40 of 208 agents ranked by evidence tier.

MS4A1

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Source
RITUXIMAB	~ modulates	Mechanistic	DGIdb
PLAMOTAMAB	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
TOSITUMOMAB	~ modulates	Mechanistic	DGIdb
VELTUZUMAB	~ modulates	Mechanistic	DGIdb
IBRITUMOMAB TIUXETAN	~ modulates	Mechanistic	DGIdb
OBINUTUZUMAB	~ modulates	Mechanistic	DGIdb
OFATUMUMAB	~ modulates	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ANTI-CD20 CAR T CELLS PREPARATION	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
YTTRIUM Y 90 IBRITUMOMAB TIUXETAN	~ modulates	Mechanistic	DGIdb
LFB-R603	~ modulates	Mechanistic	DGIdb
OCRELIZUMAB	~ modulates	Mechanistic	DGIdb
FBT-A05	~ modulates	Mechanistic	DGIdb
DI-LEU16-IL2	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
OCARATUZUMAB	~ modulates	Mechanistic	DGIdb
EPCORITAMAB	~ modulates	Mechanistic	DGIdb
GLOFITAMAB	~ modulates	Mechanistic	DGIdb
UBLITUXIMAB	~ modulates	Mechanistic	DGIdb
TOSITUMOMAB 131I	~ modulates	Mechanistic	DGIdb
TISAGENLECLEUCEL	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
IODINE-131-TOSITUMOMAB	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
MT-3724	~ modulates	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ODRONEXTAMAB	~ modulates	Mechanistic	DGIdb
AUTOLOGOUS ANTI-CD20 CAR TRANSDUCED CD4/CD8 ENRICHED T-CELLS MB-CART20.1	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY 1F5	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
MOSUNETUZUMAB	~ modulates	Mechanistic	DGIdb
TRU-015	~ modulates	Mechanistic	DGIdb

PTPN22

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Source
CLAVULANIC ACID	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL598477	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
SUCCIMER	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL599924	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CLOXYQUIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL578512	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
DIPICOLINIC ACID	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL601167	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL601757	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
AMOXICILLIN ANHYDROUS	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb

TNF

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Source
NERELIMOMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CROMOLYN SODIUM	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
PLACULUMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
METHYLENE BLUE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ALTEPLASE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CARBOPLATIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
GENTAMICIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
GOLIMUMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
BUPIVACAINE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
PENTOXIFYLLINE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
BENZO[E]PYRENE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
THALIDOMIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
PYRAZINAMIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
GLIMEPIRIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
OMEPRAZOLE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
LENERCEPT	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ADALIMUMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
PRAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
REMTOLUMAB	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
MIDOSTAURIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
LENABASUM	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
MAGNESIUM SULFATE ANHYDROUS	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
PICIBANIL	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
FLUOCINOLONE ACETONIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
MILTEFOSINE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
HOMIDIUM BROMIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
OZORALIZUMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
PEGSUNERCEPT	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CERTOLIZUMAB PEGOL	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
THERAPEUTIC HORMONE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
NAFAMOSTAT	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
FOLIC ACID	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ABBV-257	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
RISPERIDONE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
COVA322	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CERTOLIZUMAB	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
AN0128	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
5,7-DIHYDROXY-4-METHYLCOUMARIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
SORAFENIB	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 91 agents ranked by evidence tier.

TNFSF11

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Potency	Source
DENOSUMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
LENALIDOMIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL4165601	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	2750.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4161101	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	4540.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4172400	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	30910.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4462272	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	17300.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4457006	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	614.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4454307	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	3500.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4554653	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	3100.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4560856	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	2700.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL1978769	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	9800.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4436581	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	13800.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4514088	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	6300.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4470163	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	7300.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL255489	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	1000.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4756975	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	2500.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL3742191	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	1880.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL3741720	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	2860.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL3741275	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	5070.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4745590	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	2700.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4750116	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	2000.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4797434	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	1900.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4760595	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	1400.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4752672	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	5100.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4745373	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	6400.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4794699	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	8710.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4787527	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	4900.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4783826	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	6620.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL3741778	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	4600.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL3740423	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	17610.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL3740948	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	19060.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL3740702	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	11040.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL3740051	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	22300.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL3741922	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	3550.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL3740630	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	12500.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL3742150	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	2820.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL3741278	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	9310.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL3741437	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	5340.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL3741883	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	8490.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL3741027	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	18640.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL

Showing top 40 of 46 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Clinical Trials

Recruiting and recently completed trials from ClinicalTrials.gov. Data retrieved 2026-07-06.

No recent clinical trials found on ClinicalTrials.gov for this condition.

Agents Found By Disease-Level Search

Searched directly from “Rheumatoid Arthritis” via ClinicalTrials.gov interventions and Open Targets' disease→drug data — independent of the 13-gene target panel above. This surfaces agents whose mechanism doesn't route through a curated gene (combination therapies, standard-of-care drugs, targets outside the panel).

60 agents shown (approved or with trial evidence) — 52 not found by the gene-target search above.

adalimumab

Approved · 4 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT01185301 NCT00690573 NCT01592292

PF-04629991NOT in gene-target list

· 3 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00797342 NCT00797342 NCT00797342

Etanercept

Approved · 3 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT01623752 NCT01623752 NCT01592292

Sirukumab

Phase 3 · 3 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT01606761 NCT01606761 NCT01606761

methotrexateNOT in gene-target list

Approved · 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT01185301 NCT04909801

Treatment ANOT in gene-target list

· 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01184001 NCT01184001

Treatment BNOT in gene-target list

· 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01184001 NCT01184001

VAY736NOT in gene-target list

· 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05349214 NCT05350072

Rituximab

Approved · 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT00664521 NCT01592292

abatacept

Approved · 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT00547521 NCT04909801

Education using ultrasonography as feedback toolNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02351401

Baricitinib 4 MGNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05955066

JNJ-40346527NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01597739

Research Testing Performed (Laboratory)NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06397677

Information Collected as Standard of CareNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06397677

Low dose of BIIL 284 BS tabletsNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02247375

High dose of BIIL 284 BS tabletsNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02247375

CHS-0214NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02486939

adalimumab 40 mgNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02019472

sirukumab 100 mgNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02019472

sirukumab 50 mgNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02019472

EnbrelNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00245934

NURSING FOLLOW-UP BY PHONENOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05863338

Total knee replacement with the ROCC® knee prosthesisNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02127619

AS Domelock SystemNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03312465

GMK Sphere cementless Knee ReplacementNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05003414

Dengue 1,2,3,4 (attenuated) vaccineNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07087912

AtaciceptNOT in gene-target list

Phase 2 · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT00664521

Placebo matched to ataciceptNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00664521

SAR441566NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06073093

Methotrexate (MTX)NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00547521

ALD518NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00867516

Infusion without ALD518'NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00867516

Filgotinib

Approved · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT04985435

Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Drug (Product)NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04985435

50 patients will have a Free Choice between Filgotinib and anti TNFNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04985435

People with Arthritis Can ExerciseNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00153309

AZD9567 MonohydratNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02512575

Placebo oral suspension/ Placebo capsuleNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02512575

PrednisoloneNOT in gene-target list

Approved · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT02512575

Mavrilimumab 10 mgNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01050998

Mavrilimumab 30 mgNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01050998

Mavrilimumab 50 mgNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01050998

Mavrilimumab 100 mgNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01050998

Hydroxychloroquine

Phase 3 · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT01601028

MighTeaFlowNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01647737

XylitolNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01647737

Administration of LotemaxNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02322528

BR9001NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03718611

BR900ANOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03718611

Non Surgical Periodontal TreatmentNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06818045

Infliximab

Approved · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT01592292

GW856553NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00256919

Active StimulationNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04955899

genicular nerve blockNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04687930

intra-articular steroid injectionNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04687930

DIMAC02NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02789800

KYV101NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06475495

Rituximab (active comparator)NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06475495

Tofacitinib XRNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04876781

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Remission & chronicity

CD80

IL17A

IL1B

IL6

IL6R

JAK1

JAK2

JAK3

MMP3

MS4A1

PTPN22

TNF

TNFSF11

adalimumab

PF-04629991NOT in gene-target list

Etanercept

Sirukumab

methotrexateNOT in gene-target list

Treatment ANOT in gene-target list

Treatment BNOT in gene-target list

VAY736NOT in gene-target list

Rituximab

abatacept

Education using ultrasonography as feedback toolNOT in gene-target list

Baricitinib 4 MGNOT in gene-target list

JNJ-40346527NOT in gene-target list

Research Testing Performed (Laboratory)NOT in gene-target list

Information Collected as Standard of CareNOT in gene-target list

Low dose of BIIL 284 BS tabletsNOT in gene-target list

High dose of BIIL 284 BS tabletsNOT in gene-target list

CHS-0214NOT in gene-target list

adalimumab 40 mgNOT in gene-target list

sirukumab 100 mgNOT in gene-target list

sirukumab 50 mgNOT in gene-target list

EnbrelNOT in gene-target list

NURSING FOLLOW-UP BY PHONENOT in gene-target list

Total knee replacement with the ROCC® knee prosthesisNOT in gene-target list

AS Domelock SystemNOT in gene-target list

GMK Sphere cementless Knee ReplacementNOT in gene-target list

Dengue 1,2,3,4 (attenuated) vaccineNOT in gene-target list

AtaciceptNOT in gene-target list

Placebo matched to ataciceptNOT in gene-target list

SAR441566NOT in gene-target list

Methotrexate (MTX)NOT in gene-target list

ALD518NOT in gene-target list

Infusion without ALD518'NOT in gene-target list

Filgotinib

Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Drug (Product)NOT in gene-target list

50 patients will have a Free Choice between Filgotinib and anti TNFNOT in gene-target list

People with Arthritis Can ExerciseNOT in gene-target list

AZD9567 MonohydratNOT in gene-target list

Placebo oral suspension/ Placebo capsuleNOT in gene-target list

PrednisoloneNOT in gene-target list

Mavrilimumab 10 mgNOT in gene-target list

Mavrilimumab 30 mgNOT in gene-target list

Mavrilimumab 50 mgNOT in gene-target list

Mavrilimumab 100 mgNOT in gene-target list

Hydroxychloroquine

MighTeaFlowNOT in gene-target list

XylitolNOT in gene-target list

Administration of LotemaxNOT in gene-target list

BR9001NOT in gene-target list

BR900ANOT in gene-target list

Non Surgical Periodontal TreatmentNOT in gene-target list

Infliximab

GW856553NOT in gene-target list

Active StimulationNOT in gene-target list

genicular nerve blockNOT in gene-target list

intra-articular steroid injectionNOT in gene-target list

DIMAC02NOT in gene-target list

KYV101NOT in gene-target list

Rituximab (active comparator)NOT in gene-target list

Tofacitinib XRNOT in gene-target list

Part of the Open Source Medicine Foundation Network