Biomarker & Intervention Discovery

Thyroid Cancer (Well-Differentiated)

This page lists 12 druggable gene targets, 49 approved or trial-tested drug candidates and 15 recent clinical trials for Thyroid Cancer (Well-Differentiated), with each agent ranked by the strength of its evidence (clinical, mechanistic or correlative). Candidates include existing drugs that could be repurposed. Sources are linked so you can check every claim.

Spontaneous remissionNot applicable — surgical resection is standard; papillary microcarcinoma (<1 cm, low-risk): active surveillance…
Best-intervention remissionTotal thyroidectomy + RAI for intermediate/high-risk: 90-95% disease-free survival at 10 years; active surveillance…
Gap sizeModerate — overtreatment of low-risk disease is the dominant problem (too many total thyroidectomies in low-risk…
Primary barrierpractice/framing
Full remission profile →
Research Tracker Chronic Disease Interventions Thyroid Cancer (Well-Differentiated)

Remission & chronicity

Spontaneous remission
Not applicable — surgical resection is standard; papillary microcarcinoma (<1 cm, low-risk): active surveillance achieves 99.8%+ cancer-specific survival at 10 years without immediate surgery in Japanese cohorts
Best-intervention remission
Total thyroidectomy + RAI for intermediate/high-risk: 90-95% disease-free survival at 10 years; active surveillance for low-risk papillary microcarcinoma: non-inferior to surgery in multiple cohorts; lenvatinib + pembrolizumab for RAI-refractory: OS benefit (LEAP-011 ongoing); vemurafenib for BRAF V600E mutant: response in 38%
Gap size
Moderate — overtreatment of low-risk disease is the dominant problem (too many total thyroidectomies in low-risk disease)
Primary barrier
practice/framing
The Kuma Hospital and Cancer Institute Hospital experience in Japan showing non-inferiority of active surveillance for low-risk papillary microcarcinoma has not been widely adopted outside Japan; total thyroidectomy with radioiodine for all differentiated thyroid cancer remains common despite lack of benefit in low-risk disease

Biomarker Targets & Therapeutic Agents

Gene targets queried against DGIdb, Open Targets, ChEMBL, PubMed, and Europe PMC. Agents ranked: Clinical > Mechanistic > Correlative.

BRAF 361FLT1 277KDR 382MAP2K1 242NRAS 302NTRK1 256NTRK3 213PDGFRB 269RET 233SLC5A5 0TERT 211TSHR 295

BRAF

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets
Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
ENZALUTAMIDE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
AVUTOMETINIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
TRAMETINIB DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
NIVOLUMAB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
LIFIRAFENIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
BINIMETINIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
SORAFENIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 46.0 nM (IC50) DGIdb
CI-1040 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
NAVITOCLAX ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
OMIPALISIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
ALPELISIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
B-RAF/VEGFR-2 INHIBITOR RAF265 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
REGORAFENIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
SARACATINIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
PONATINIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
ERLOTINIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
MEK INHIBITOR IMM-1-104 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
COMPOUND 2 [PMID: 26061392] ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
PANITUMUMAB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CHIR-265 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
MIRDAMETINIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
SB590885 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 0.3 nM (Kd) DGIdb
KO-947 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
BUPARLISIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
TOVORAFENIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
ATEZOLIZUMAB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
AZD1208 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
PI3K/BET INHIBITOR LY294002 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
GEDATOLISIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
DOXORUBICIN LIPOSOME ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
DABRAFENIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
FUTIBATINIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
SAR260301 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
SONOLISIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
BRAFV600/PI3K INHIBITOR ASN003 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
IDELALISIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
E6201 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
SAPITINIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
OXALIPLATIN ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
DENOSUMAB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 361 agents ranked by evidence tier.

FLT1

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets
Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
TIVOZANIB HYDROCHLORIDE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
RABEPRAZOLE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
ZM-306416 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
LINIFANIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
PAZOPANIB HYDROCHLORIDE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
FAMITINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
LUCITANIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
PEGPLERANIB SODIUM ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
MOTESANIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
LENVATINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
CEDIRANIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
SORAFENIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
SEMAXANIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 8.0 nM (IC50) DGIdb
VEGF RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITOR III ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
CEP-7055 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
X-82 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
PAZOPANIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
VANDETANIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 900.0 nM (IC50) DGIdb
DOVITINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
FRUQUINTINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
CEP-11981 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
REGORAFENIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
BARASERTIB-HQPA ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CP-547632 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
L-21649 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
BRIVANIB ALANINATE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
CP-459632 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
SUNITINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
GLESATINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
ILORASERTIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
PF-562271 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
SU-14813 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
PEXMETINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
TELBERMIN ↑ activates Mechanistic DGIdb
NINTEDANIB ESYLATE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
TAMATINIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
VEGFA ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
PEXIDARTINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
OSI-930 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
GW843682X ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 277 agents ranked by evidence tier.

KDR

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets
Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
CEDIRANIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
XL820 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
EUPATORIN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
CABOZANTINIB S-MALATE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
TOCERANIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
LAZERTINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
VADIMEZAN ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
VANDETANIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 70.0 nM (IC50) DGIdb
SURUFATINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
CANLITINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
FORETINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
PEGPLERANIB SODIUM ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
REGORAFENIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
LINIFANIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
MOTESANIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
ILORASERTIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
SUNITINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
COMPOUND 13A [PMID: 23639540] ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
PONATINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
XL-820 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
BX-795 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
TELATINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
SORAFENIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
LUCITANIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
PP-121 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
NINGETINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
TINENGOTINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
BJ-2412 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
VEGF RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITOR III ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
PF-00337210 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
AST-487 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
RAMUCIRUMAB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
AG-13958 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
SU-14813 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
X-82 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
ENMD-2076 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
GOLVATINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
CENISERTIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
LENVATINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
SULFATINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 382 agents ranked by evidence tier.

MAP2K1

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets
Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
PIMASERTIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
COMPOUND 3 [PMID: 31804822] ~ modulates Mechanistic DGIdb
ENCORAFENIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
REGORAFENIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
BINIMETINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
METFORMIN ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
SELUMETINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
MAP855 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
VEMURAFENIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
OMIPALISIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
AVUTOMETINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
MEK INHIBITOR I ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
REFAMETINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
DASATINIB ANHYDROUS ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
COBIMETINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
SORAFENIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
TRAMETINIB DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
MEK INHIBITOR RO4987655 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
DABRAFENIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
LEUCOVORIN CALCIUM ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
LY3009120 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
TIZATERKIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
TEMUTERKIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
AZD8330 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
MIRDAMETINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
WX-554 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
TOZASERTIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
SOTRASTAURIN ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
AS-703988 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
NEDOMETINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
CI-1040 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 2.0 nM (IC50) DGIdb
ARRY-300 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
PLX-4720 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
DOVITINIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
BALAMAPIMOD ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
GDC-0879 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CETUXIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
STAUROSPORINE ? unclear Mechanistic 2.5 nM (IC50) DGIdb
ULIXERTINIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
PANITUMUMAB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 242 agents ranked by evidence tier.

NRAS

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets
Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
BINIMETINIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CETUXIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
NAPORAFENIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
XL888 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
ANTI-CD19 CAR-T CELLS ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
SELUMETINIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
OLAPARIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
QUIZARTINIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
GDC-0623 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
FUTIBATINIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
GDC-0879 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
ADAVOSERTIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
LEUCOVORIN CALCIUM ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
BAY 11-7082 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
NST-628 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
PANITUMUMAB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CYTARABINE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
PIMASERTIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
MRTX-1133 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
MEK/RAF MOLECULAR GLUE IK-595 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
BI-3406 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
FLUOROURACIL ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
E6201 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
COBIMETINIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
DUBERMATINIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
PLX-4720 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
SIROLIMUS ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
DABRAFENIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
EXARAFENIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
IRINOTECAN HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
METHYLNITROSOUREA ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
TAK-733 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
BRIMARAFENIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
ALPELISIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
GEMCITABINE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
TRAMETINIB DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
VEMURAFENIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
BELVARAFENIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
PELAREOREP ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
BIVALENT BRD4 INHIBITOR AZD5153 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 302 agents ranked by evidence tier.

NTRK1

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets
Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
THERAPEUTIC CYTOKINE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
ENTRECTINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
MK-2461 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
GW843682X ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
ESTRADIOL VALERATE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CH7057288 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
LAROTRECTINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
GAMBOGIC ACID ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
PEGCANTRATINIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
WORTMANNIN ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
D5261 ~ modulates Mechanistic DGIdb
METHOTREXATE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
UTATRECTINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
DOVITINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 100.0 nM (Kd) DGIdb
TALETRECTINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
CEP-2563 DIHYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
GAMBOGIC AMIDE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
SP-600125 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
GAMMA-INTERFERON ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
MILCICLIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 53.0 nM (IC50) DGIdb
PHENYLEPHRINE HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
JNJ-28312141 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
DZX19 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE ANHYDROUS ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
SITRAVATINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
ONO-7579 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
IMATINIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
ALISERTIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CYTARABINE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
REPOTRECTINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
ZIDESAMTINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
SURAMIN ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
PLX7486 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
AZD-6918 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
ASPIRIN ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CZS-241 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
RADICICOL ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
LEVOTHYROXINE SODIUM ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
LESTAURTINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
PILOCARPINE HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 256 agents ranked by evidence tier.

NTRK3

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets
Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
LAROTRECTINIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
MIDOSTAURIN ? unclear Mechanistic 1700.0 nM (Kd) DGIdb
SNS-314 ? unclear Mechanistic 5.012 nM (Ki) DGIdb
CH7057288 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
CEP-2563 DIHYDROCHLORIDE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
ERATRECTINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
MLN-8054 ? unclear Mechanistic 2511.89 nM (Ki) DGIdb
GNF-5837 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
ALTIRATINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
GAMBOGIC AMIDE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
ILORASERTIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
HESPERADIN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
PLX-7486 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
CENEGERMIN ↑ activates Mechanistic DGIdb
GW-2580 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
UTATRECTINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
MK-2461 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
LEVOTHYROXINE SODIUM ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
SORAFENIB ? unclear Mechanistic 600.0 nM (Kd) DGIdb
BELIZATINIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
AZD1332 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
RIPK1 INHIBITOR 22B ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
TOZASERTIB ? unclear Mechanistic 200.0 nM (Kd) DGIdb
SP-600125 ? unclear Mechanistic 7.943 nM (Ki) DGIdb
LESTAURTINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 14.0 nM (Kd) DGIdb
PEXIDARTINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
GW441756X ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
TANDUTINIB ? unclear Mechanistic 2000.0 nM (Kd) DGIdb
RECOMBINANT NERVE GROWTH FACTOR ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
TALETRECTINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
RECOMBINANT INTERFERON ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
DDR1/2 INHIBITOR 5N ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
RG-1530 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
SB202190 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
LINIFANIB ? unclear Mechanistic 210.0 nM (Kd) DGIdb
AZD-6918 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
PD166285 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
ZURLETRECTINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
DOVITINIB ? unclear Mechanistic 190.0 nM (Kd) DGIdb
EMZELTRECTINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 213 agents ranked by evidence tier.

PDGFRB

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets
Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
TELATINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
RIPRETINIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
DOVITINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
DASATINIB ANHYDROUS ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
LINIFANIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
ROMIPLOSTIM ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
IMATINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
SORAFENIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
AMUVATINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
SUNITINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 2.0 nM (IC50) DGIdb
SNS-314 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
PP2 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
TAK-593 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
AXITINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
SERALUTINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
RG-1530 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
GTP-14564 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
CENISERTIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
BECAPLERMIN ↑ activates Mechanistic DGIdb
XL-820 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
VELZATINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
TANDUTINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 26.0 nM (IC50) DGIdb
HESPERADIN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
FAMITINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
REGORAFENIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
IMATINIB MESYLATE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
X-82 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
TAK-632 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
FLUMBATINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
MOTESANIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
TAMATINIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
LEUCOVORIN CALCIUM ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
TG100-801 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
TOCERANIB PHOSPHATE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
ORANTINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 60.0 nM (IC50) DGIdb
VATALANIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
CEDIRANIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
ENMD-981693 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
IACS-9439 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
RINUCUMAB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 269 agents ranked by evidence tier.

RET

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets
Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
SNS-314 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
KBP-7018 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
PONATINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITOR ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
TAMATINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
GW441756X ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
SORAFENIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 13.0 nM (Kd) DGIdb
AMUVATINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
LENVATINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
REGORAFENIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
PRALSETINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
SUNITINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 12.0 nM (Kd) DGIdb
SELPERCATINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
NVP-TAE684 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
RESENCATINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
SORAFENIB TOSYLATE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
LUCITANIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
CABOZANTINIB S-MALATE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
IMATINIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
DOVITINIB ? unclear Mechanistic 71.0 nM (Kd) DGIdb
TRETINOIN ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CP-547632 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
MOTESANIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 14.0 nM (Kd) DGIdb
TETRADECANOYLPHORBOL ACETATE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
ILORASERTIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
ENTRECTINIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
PD166285 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
HESPERADIN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
RECOMBINANT CHEMOKINE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
RET INHIBITOR TY-1091 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CEP-2563 DIHYDROCHLORIDE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
RET INHIBITOR FHND5071 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
VOLASERTIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
TAFETINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
TOZASERTIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 28.0 nM (Kd) DGIdb
PALBOCICLIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
SB220025 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
ALISERTIB ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
AZD1480 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
COMPOUND 8H [PMID: 21561767] ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 233 agents ranked by evidence tier.

SLC5A5

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Pipeline results not yet available for this target. Run the pipeline to populate.

TERT

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets
Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
CHEMBL:CHEMBL17442 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
IMETELSTAT ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
ARSENIC TRIOXIDE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
OMACETAXINE MEPESUCCINATE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL190474 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL91163 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
IMETELSTAT SODIUM ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
SODIUM METAARSENITE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic DGIdb
HLA-A*0201 RESTRICTED TERT(572Y)/TERT(572) PEPTIDES VACCINE VX-001 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
HTERT VACCINE V934/V935 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
9,10-PHENANTHRENEQUINONE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL89977 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
IODINE I-131 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
TERTOMOTIDE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
HTERT-LAMP MRNA-LOADED AUTOLOGOUS DENDRITIC CELL VACCINE GRNVAC1 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
ANTISENSE OLIGONUCLEOTIDES ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
TELOMESTATIN ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1254091 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
RECOMBINANT BRAIN-DERIVED GROWTH FACTORS ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL89250 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL481161 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
RALOXIFENE HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL520095 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL457246 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL608862 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL2336666 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
ISOBONDUCELLIN ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
DENDRITIC CELL VACCINE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
ERIBULIN ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
EPITALON ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL144757 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
SURATADENOTUREV ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
RECOMBINANT VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
BERBERINE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL481160 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CHEMBL314057 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 7300.0 nM (IC50) ChEMBL
CHEMBL86984 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 9500.0 nM (IC50) ChEMBL
CHEMBL262163 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 45200.0 nM (IC50) ChEMBL
CHEMBL405650 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 11100.0 nM (IC50) ChEMBL
CHEMBL313020 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 10600.0 nM (IC50) ChEMBL

Showing top 40 of 211 agents ranked by evidence tier.

TSHR

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets
Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
CP-339818 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
METHYLENE BLUE ANHYDROUS ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL249190 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
SCH-23390 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
ISOPROTERENOL HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
1,3-DITOLYLGUANIDINE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
1R,9S-HYDRASTINE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CARBONYL CYANIDE M-CHLOROPHENYLHYDRAZONE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CLORGILINE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
GM-CSF ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
(S)-VERAPAMIL ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
DEGUELIN ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL73711 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CLOSANTEL ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
HEXACHLOROPHENE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
GRAMINE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
BISACODYL ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
PSORA-4 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
THYROTROPIN ALFA ↑ activates Mechanistic DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL530361 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL581194 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
LASALOCID A SODIUM ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
LEVOSALBUTAMOL ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
URAPIDIL ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
LORATADINE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL312032 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL597246 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
JWH015 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
LEVISOPRENALINE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
MAPROTILINE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL606166 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
ATOMOXETINE HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL541543 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL578276 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CLOTRIMAZOLE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
CHLORDANE ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
PENTACHLOROPHENOL ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
SB 222200 ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb
THYROTROPIN ? unclear Mechanistic DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 295 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Clinical Trials

Drug, biologic and supplement trials (treatment or prevention) from ClinicalTrials.gov whose main condition is Thyroid Cancer (Well-Differentiated): recruiting, active or completed, most recently updated first. Data retrieved 2026-10-28.

The Use of 124-I-PET/CT Whole Body and Lesional Dosimetry in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Recruiting
NCT03841617 Phase: 2 Started: 2019-07-29

Study rationale High risk patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) require therapy with 131 I under thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulation. There are two methods of TSH stimulation endogenous by thyroid hormone withdrawal (THW) leading to hypothyroidism and exogenous by injection of ...

Larotrectinib to Enhance RAI Avidity in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Recruiting
NCT05783323 Phase: 2 Started: 2024-02-14

Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common form of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). The traditional first line treatment for patients with advanced DTC after surgical resection is radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy. However, less than a quarter of patients with lung metastases will achieve ...

A Study of Cabozantinib Compared With Placebo in Subjects With Radioiodine-refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Who Have Progressed After Prior Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor (VEGFR) -Targeted Therapy Active Not Recruiting
NCT03690388 Phase: 3 Started: 2018-10-05

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of cabozantinib compared with placebo on progression free survival (PFS) and objective response rate (ORR) in subjects with Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (DTC) who have progressed after prior vascular endothelial growth fac...

A Study of Avutometinib and Defactinib in People With Thyroid Cancer Recruiting
NCT06007924 Phase: 2 Started: 2023-08-16

The researchers are doing this study to find out if the combination of avutometinib and defactinib is an effective treatment for RAF dimer-driven radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer or anaplastic thyroid cancer. The researchers will also test whether avutometinib and defactinib is a...

Study of Efficacy and Safety of Dabrafenib in Combination With Trametinib in Previously Treated Patients With Metastatic, Radio-active Iodine Refractory BRAF V600E Mutation Positive Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Active Not Recruiting
NCT04940052 Phase: 3 Started: 2021-11-15

The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of dabrafenib in combination with trametinib for treating adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (DTC) harboring the BRAFV600E mutation, who are refractory to radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy and...

PDR001 Combination Therapy for Radioiodine-Refractory Thyroid Cancer Active Not Recruiting
NCT04544111 Phase: 2 Started: 2020-09-02

The purpose of this study is to find out whether a drug called PDR001, combined with either trametinib or dabrafenib, is a safe and effective treatment for thyroid cancer.

Sacituzumab govitEcan in THYroid Cancers Recruiting
NCT06235216 Phase: 2 Started: 2024-09-13

SETHY is a prospective, multicohort, phase II, single-arm, non-randomized, non-blinded, investigator-initiated study of sacituzumab govitecan in patients with advanced or metastatic radioactive-iodine refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) or anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). The main h...

rhTSH for Radioactive Iodine Remnant Ablation in Participants With Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (DTC) Completed
NCT04964284 Phase: 3 Started: 2021-10-06

This study was conducted in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer who had undergone total/near-total thyroidectomy. After surgery patients were randomized to one of two methods of performing thyroid remnant ablation. One group of patients who took thyroid hormone medicine and were euthyroid \[...

Cyclophosphamide and Sirolimus for the Treatment of Metastatic, RAI-refractory, Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Recruiting
NCT03099356 Phase: 2 Started: 2017-04-27

This study will be a non-randomized pilot trial using Cyclophosphamide and Sirolimus for the treatment of metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer. Patients will be treated with Sirolimus 4 mg, PO, days 1-28 as well as Cyclophosphamide 100 mg, PO, days 1-5 and 15-19. Cycle length will be 28 days. Pa...

Selpercatinib Pre-RAI in Patients With RET Fusion Thyroid Cancer (RAISE) Recruiting
NCT06458036 Phase: 2 Started: 2024-07-29

Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common form of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). The traditional first line treatment for patients with advanced DTC after surgical resection is radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy. However, less than a quarter of patients with lung metastases will achieve ...

Lenvatinib in Locally Advanced Invasive Thyroid Cancer Completed
NCT04321954 Phase: 2 Started: 2021-03-09

This research is being done to evaluate the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant lenvatinib on surgical outcomes of patients with invasive extrathyroidal differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). This research study involves a study drug called lenvatinib

Systematic Radioiodine Administration Versus Decision of Radioiodine Treatment Guided by a Post-operative Work-up Recruiting
NCT04290663 Phase: 3 Started: 2020-03-02

This trial is comparing two strategies in intermediate-risk differentiated thyroid cancer patients: Systematic radioiodine administration versus decision of radioiodine treatment guided by a post-operative work-up based on serum Tg values and diagnostic RAI scintigraphy

Cabozantinib In Advanced Radioactive-Iodine Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. Completed
NCT05660954 Phase: 2 Started: 2023-05-25

CABOTHYROID is a prospective, exploratory, biomarker-focused, phase II, single-arm, non-randomized, non-blinded, investigator-initiated study of cabozantinib in patients with previously treated advanced radioactive-iodine refractory

Pembrolizumab in High-risk Thyroid Cancer Recruiting
NCT05852223 Phase: 2 Started: 2024-12-20

This window of opportunity trial is studying a checkpoint inhibitor agent to treat differentiated thyroid cancer in a neoadjuvant setting. A checkpoint inhibitor is a compound aimed at restoring tumor immunosurveillance. The name of this agent is pembrolizumab.

Efficacy of MEK (Trametinib) and BRAFV600E (Dabrafenib) Inhibitors With Radioactive Iodine (RAI) for the Treatment of Refractory Metastatic Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Completed
NCT03244956 Phase: 2 Started: 2017-12-27

This is a multicentric prospective non-randomized phase II trial, with two independent arms: one for patients with RAS mutation and one for patients with BRAFV600E mutation.

Agents Found By Disease-Level Search

Searched directly from “Thyroid Cancer (Well-Differentiated)” via ClinicalTrials.gov interventions and Open Targets' disease→drug data — independent of the 12-gene target panel above. This surfaces agents whose mechanism doesn't route through a curated gene (combination therapies, standard-of-care drugs, targets outside the panel).

49 agents shown (approved or with trial evidence) — 37 not found by the gene-target search above.

radioiodineNOT in gene-target list

· 3 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03624751 NCT04876287 NCT00439478

Total thyroidectomyNOT in gene-target list

· 3 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01510002 NCT07059507 NCT00693147

I131NOT in gene-target list

· 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01837745 NCT03841617

Lenvatinib

Approved · 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT03573960 NCT02702388

Dabrafenib

Phase 3 · 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT04238624 NCT03244956

Trametinib

Phase 3 · 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT04238624 NCT03244956

Apatinib

· 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02731352 NCT02731352

DOMVANALIMAB + ZIMBERELIMABNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06790706

DOMVANALIMAB + ZIMBERELIMAB + FOLFOX-4NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06790706

ScintigraphyNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04704349

PF-07799933

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05355701

binimetinib

Phase 2 · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT05355701

cetuximab

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05355701

midazolamNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05355701

fluorouracil

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05355701

leucovorinNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05355701

oxaliplatin

Phase 2 · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT05355701

CM-24 and Nivolumab - Dose EscalationNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04731467

CM-24, Nivolumab, Nab paclitaxel and Gemcitabine - ExpansionNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04731467

CM-24, Nivolumab, and Nal-IRI/5-FU/LV - ExpansionNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04731467

Nivolumab, Nab paclitaxel and Gemcitabine - ExpansionNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04731467

Nivolumab and Nal-IRI/5-FU/LV - ExpansionNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04731467

Lenvatinib (DTC Cohort)NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00784303

Lenvatinib (MTC Cohort)NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00784303

XL281

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00451880

famotidineNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00451880

FNBNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04759053

selpercatinib (LOXO-292)NOT in gene-target list

Approved · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03157128

TSH, T3, T4 and thyroid gland DVHNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03699098

Conventional open thyroidectomy (COT)NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06398795

Sacituzumab govitecanNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06235216

Lithium CarbonateNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00251316

Virtual group based physical activity (BurnAlong) and Social Media Discussion BoardNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05131815

thyroidNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04647006

Multitarget Tyrosine Kinase InhibitorsNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07419932

BRAF inhibitor dabrafenib and MEK inhibitor trametinibNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07419932

RET InhibitorNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07419932

PD(L)-1 inhibitorNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07419932

APL-101 Oral CapsulesNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03175224

Iodine I-131

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02393690

Selumetinib

Phase 3 · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT02393690

Experimental: Mentored Gardening InterventionNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02150148

Indocyanine green (ICG) sentinel lymph node mappingNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07391514

Carbon nanoparticle (CNs) sentinel lymph node mappingNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07391514

Dual-tracer (ICG combined with CNs) sentinel lymph node mappingNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07391514

AldesleukinNOT in gene-target list

Phase 1/2 · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT03449108

Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-145NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03449108

Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-145-S1NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03449108

CyclophosphamideNOT in gene-target list

Phase 1/2 · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT03449108

Generated by the Open Source Medicine Foundation Biomarker Pipeline — 2026-10-08. Data sources: DGIdb, Open Targets, ChEMBL, PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov. Not medical advice.