Biomarker & Intervention Discovery

Sepsis

This page lists 12 druggable gene targets, 47 approved or trial-tested drug candidates and 15 recent clinical trials for Sepsis, with each agent ranked by the strength of its evidence (clinical, mechanistic or correlative). Candidates include existing drugs that could be repurposed. Sources are linked so you can check every claim.

US DALYs1.25MWHO GHE 2021 · all ages
Global DALYs21.27MWHO GHE 2021 · worldwide
US mortality52.7K deaths/yrWHO GHE 2021
Global mortality385.4K deaths/yrWHO GHE 2021 · worldwide
NIH funding$207MFY2025 · RCDC estimate
Funding levelUnderfunded
Spontaneous remissionNot applicable — sepsis is an acute life-threatening syndrome; hospital mortality 15-25% for sepsis, 30-45% for septic…
Best-intervention remissionHour-1 Bundle (blood cultures + antibiotics + fluids + vasopressors): 30-40% mortality reduction vs delayed care…
Gap sizeLarge — compliance with Hour-1 Bundle varies enormously across hospitals; 3-6 hour bundle completion only in 50-70% of…
Primary barrierpractice/systems
Full remission profile →

Remission & chronicity

Spontaneous remission
Not applicable — sepsis is an acute life-threatening syndrome; hospital mortality 15-25% for sepsis, 30-45% for septic shock with standard care; long-term complications (post-sepsis syndrome) in 50-70% of survivors
Best-intervention remission
Hour-1 Bundle (blood cultures + antibiotics + fluids + vasopressors): 30-40% mortality reduction vs delayed care; vasopressin as vasopressor adjunct reduces vasopressor requirements; corticosteroids in septic shock: 3-5% absolute mortality reduction (ADRENAL, APROCCHSS); no truly curative intervention beyond source control
Gap size
Large — compliance with Hour-1 Bundle varies enormously across hospitals; 3-6 hour bundle completion only in 50-70% of hospitals
Primary barrier
practice/systems
Sepsis recognition delay is the primary driver of mortality; time-to-antibiotics is the single best predictor of outcome (each hour delay increases mortality 4-7%); early goal-directed therapy (EGDT) as originally described was abandoned after ProCESS/ARISE/ProMISe trials showed no benefit of specific protocol over usual care, creating confusion about what 'appropriate' standard care is

Biomarker Targets & Therapeutic Agents

Gene targets queried against DGIdb, Open Targets, ChEMBL, PubMed, and Europe PMC. Agents ranked: Clinical > Mechanistic > Correlative.

ADRB1 324CD14 5F3 155HMGB1 45IL1B 216IL6 181NR3C1 264PDCD1 52PROC 168THBD 6TLR4 205TNF 287
Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
PROPAFENONE HYDROCHLORIDE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
ISOPROTERENOL ↑ activates Mechanistic
PINDOLOL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
OXPRENOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
CARVEDILOL PHOSPHATE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
BRL35135 ? unclear Mechanistic
BUCINDOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
FENOTEROL ↑ activates Mechanistic
ESMOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
DILEVALOL HYDROCHLORIDE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
BUPRANOLOL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
ALPRENOLOL ? unclear Mechanistic 4.88 nM (IC50)
LEVOBUNOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
CARTEOLOL ? unclear Mechanistic 1.9 nM (Ki)
TERBUTALINE ↑ activates Mechanistic
ESMOLOL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
TIMOLOL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
FLECAINIDE ACETATE ? unclear Mechanistic
OXPRENOLOL ? unclear Mechanistic
DESIPRAMINE ? unclear Mechanistic
ISOETHARINE ? unclear Mechanistic
LEVOBETAXOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
BETAXOLOL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 37.1 nM (IC50)
ATENOLOL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
BISOPROLOL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
EPINEPHRINE ↑ activates Mechanistic
EPINEPHRINE BITARTRATE ↑ activates Mechanistic
NOREPINEPHRINE ↑ activates Mechanistic
BEVANTOLOL ? unclear Mechanistic
ICI-89406 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
LANDIOLOL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
7-METHYLCYANOPINDOLOL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
PRACTOLOL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
ANISODINE ? unclear Mechanistic
DICHLOROISOPROTERENOL ? unclear Mechanistic
CARTEOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
HYDROXYAMPHETAMINE HYDROBROMIDE ↑ activates Mechanistic
DRONEDARONE ? unclear Mechanistic
CIMATEROL ↑ activates Mechanistic
CARAZOLOL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic

Showing top 40 of 324 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
ATIBUCLIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
LOVASTATIN ? unclear Mechanistic
FLUTICASONE ? unclear Mechanistic
IC14 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
VB-201 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
TISOTUMAB VEDOTIN ~ modulates Mechanistic
MORAB-066 ? unclear Mechanistic
ANTI-TF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY ALT-836 ? unclear Mechanistic
ANPOCOGIN ? unclear Mechanistic
SIMVASTATIN ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL377280 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 43.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL203668 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 170.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL202883 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 63.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL204800 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 240.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL381678 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1600.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL201514 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 600.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL381881 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 110.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL201853 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 92.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL382573 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 16.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL205123 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 20.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL381740 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 16.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL1162921 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 380.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL202399 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 590.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL381021 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 180.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL201901 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 31.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL371638 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 27.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL204084 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 17.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL189175 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 180.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL204231 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 150.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL382807 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 47.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL381897 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 570.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL381896 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 210.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL201835 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 130.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL202505 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 120.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL382572 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 48.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL204602 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 290.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL204858 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 190.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL383717 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 97.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL204654 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 67.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL380534 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 36.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL204653 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 73.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL381156 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 2400.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL438808 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 130.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL377082 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 4.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL206387 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 2.0 nM (Ki)

Showing top 40 of 155 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
CHLORAMPHENICOL ? unclear Mechanistic
GP100 ANTIGEN ? unclear Mechanistic
ANTIBIOTIC ? unclear Mechanistic
SODIUM CHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
EPIGALLOCATECHIN GALLATE ? unclear Mechanistic
AMPICILLIN (ANHYDROUS) ? unclear Mechanistic
CISPLATIN ? unclear Mechanistic
BIFONAZOLE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
CD24FC ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
ADJUVANT ? unclear Mechanistic
HEXAMETHYLENE BISACETAMIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
SULFURIC ACID ? unclear Mechanistic
DNA INTERCALATING AGENT ? unclear Mechanistic
STALLIMYCIN ? unclear Mechanistic
UREA ? unclear Mechanistic
THERAPEUTIC AUTOLOGOUS DENDRITIC CELLS ? unclear Mechanistic
ITRACONAZOLE ? unclear Mechanistic
PREDNISOLONE ? unclear Mechanistic
MELANOMA ANTIGEN RECOGNIZED BY T-CELLS 1 ? unclear Mechanistic
GLYCYRRHIZIN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 87000.0 nM (Kd)
METHOTREXATE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 24.0 nM (Kd)
SALICYLIC ACID ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4129393 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1.48 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4867183 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 800.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4858896 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 8600.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4860199 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 5800.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4864623 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 26200.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4850898 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 9900.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4875121 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 800.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4853073 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 22000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4858278 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1900.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4853693 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 14000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL5653589 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 50.34 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL3752910 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 3008.4 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL6145593 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 12500.0 nM (Kd)
ASPIRIN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1000.0 nM (Kd)
DIFLUNISAL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 16000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL113835 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 900.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL114721 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1200.0 nM (Kd)
ISOQUERCETIN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 100.0 nM (Kd)

Showing top 40 of 45 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
METFORMIN ? unclear Mechanistic
NICARDIPINE HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
CANAKINUMAB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
TT-301 ? unclear Mechanistic
LITHIUM CATION ? unclear Mechanistic
THYROGLOBULIN ? unclear Mechanistic
LUTIKIZUMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
CEFACLOR ANHYDROUS ? unclear Mechanistic
CLODRONIC ACID ? unclear Mechanistic
CELASTROL ? unclear Mechanistic
ACITRETIN ? unclear Mechanistic
RESVERATROL ? unclear Mechanistic
INFLIXIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
PENTAMIDINE ? unclear Mechanistic
DRUGSATFDA.NDA:008378 ? unclear Mechanistic
RILONACEPT ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
USTEKINUMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
BECLOMETHASONE DIPROPIONATE ? unclear Mechanistic
DIACETYLRHEIN ? unclear Mechanistic
RISEDRONIC ACID ? unclear Mechanistic
HYDROCORTISONE BUTYRATE ? unclear Mechanistic
ECHINACEA EXTRACT ? unclear Mechanistic
CHINESE HERBS ? unclear Mechanistic
ETIDRONIC ACID ? unclear Mechanistic
OFLOXACIN ? unclear Mechanistic
CYTARABINE ? unclear Mechanistic
CDP-484 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
ERYTHROMYCIN ? unclear Mechanistic
THERAPEUTIC MELATONIN ? unclear Mechanistic
PRAVASTATIN SODIUM ? unclear Mechanistic
GALLIUM NITRATE ? unclear Mechanistic
PENTOXIFYLLINE ? unclear Mechanistic
ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT ? unclear Mechanistic
VERAPAMIL ? unclear Mechanistic
TETRADECANOYLPHORBOL ACETATE ? unclear Mechanistic
HYDROQUINONE ? unclear Mechanistic
RALOXIFENE HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
ANTICONVULSANT AGENT ? unclear Mechanistic
NIMUSTINE ? unclear Mechanistic
POLYVALENT VACCINE ? unclear Mechanistic

Showing top 40 of 216 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
CLAZAKIZUMAB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
MIDOSTAURIN ? unclear Mechanistic
ECHINACEA EXTRACT ? unclear Mechanistic
NELFINAVIR ? unclear Mechanistic
SELECTIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATOR ? unclear Mechanistic
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION INHIBITOR ? unclear Mechanistic
OLOKIZUMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
IBUDILAST ? unclear Mechanistic
VITAMIN A PALMITATE ? unclear Mechanistic
IFOSFAMIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
SITAGLIPTIN ? unclear Mechanistic
METRONIDAZOLE ? unclear Mechanistic
PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2A ? unclear Mechanistic
PACIBEKITUG ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2B ? unclear Mechanistic
SIRUKUMAB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
HMG-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITOR ? unclear Mechanistic
SAFINGOL ? unclear Mechanistic
ENZYME INHIBITOR ? unclear Mechanistic
CISPLATIN ? unclear Mechanistic
GALLIUM NITRATE ? unclear Mechanistic
RITUXIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
INFLIXIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
C326 ? unclear Mechanistic
GEMFIBROZIL ? unclear Mechanistic
ZILTIVEKIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
INSULIN, REGULAR, HUMAN ? unclear Mechanistic
OSIMERTINIB ? unclear Mechanistic
BINETRAKIN ? unclear Mechanistic
ALOGLIPTIN ? unclear Mechanistic
TENELIGLIPTIN ? unclear Mechanistic
CHINESE HERBS ? unclear Mechanistic
TOCILIZUMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
LINAGLIPTIN ? unclear Mechanistic
DOCETAXEL ANHYDROUS ? unclear Mechanistic
VILDAGLIPTIN ? unclear Mechanistic
LINEZOLID ? unclear Mechanistic
SELENIUM ? unclear Mechanistic
SAQUINAVIR ? unclear Mechanistic
PAREGORIC ? unclear Mechanistic

Showing top 40 of 181 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
METHYLPREDNISOLONE ↑ activates Mechanistic
FOSDAGROCORAT ↑ activates Mechanistic
ZK216348 ↑ activates Mechanistic
PHENYLMERCURIC ACETATE ? unclear Mechanistic
TNF-ALPHA ? unclear Mechanistic
HYDROCORTAMATE HYDROCHLORIDE ↑ activates Mechanistic
TRIAMCINOLONE ↑ activates Mechanistic
BUDESONIDE ↑ activates Mechanistic
ANTICONVULSANT AGENT ? unclear Mechanistic
FLUTICASONE FUROATE ↑ activates Mechanistic
METHYLPREDNISOLONE ACETATE ↑ activates Mechanistic
DAGROCORAT ↑ activates Mechanistic
MIFEPRISTONE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 0.24 nM (Ki)
TESTOSTERONE PROPIONATE ? unclear Mechanistic
FLURANDRENOLIDE ↑ activates Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1915271 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHRYSIN ? unclear Mechanistic
FLUOXYMESTERONE ? unclear Mechanistic
LOTEPREDNOL ↑ activates Mechanistic
DIFLUPREDNATE ↑ activates Mechanistic
CORT 108297 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
PROGESTERONE ? unclear Mechanistic 30.5 nM (Ki)
BETAMETHASONE SODIUM PHOSPHATE ↑ activates Mechanistic
ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT ? unclear Mechanistic
HYDROCORTISONE BUTYRATE ↑ activates Mechanistic
VELSECORAT ↑ activates Mechanistic
FLUMETHASONE PIVALATE ↑ activates Mechanistic
AMCINONIDE ↑ activates Mechanistic
CYPROTERONE ACETATE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
C108297 ↑ activates Mechanistic
COMPOUND 17 [PMID: 29741897] ↑ activates Mechanistic
FLUOCINONIDE ↑ activates Mechanistic
MAPRACORAT ↑ activates Mechanistic
CLOBETASOL PROPIONATE ↑ activates Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL210411 ? unclear Mechanistic
FLUOCINOLONE ACETONIDE ↑ activates Mechanistic
BETAMETHASONE ↑ activates Mechanistic
BECLOMETHASONE DIPROPIONATE ↑ activates Mechanistic
FLUNISOLIDE ANHYDROUS ↑ activates Mechanistic
CORTISONE ACETATE ↑ activates Mechanistic

Showing top 40 of 264 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
CAMRELIZUMAB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
AMP-224 ? unclear Mechanistic
PEMBROLIZUMAB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
SERPLULIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
ENLONSTOBART ? unclear Mechanistic
CEMIPLIMAB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
CT-011 ? unclear Mechanistic
SASANLIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
PUCOTENLIMAB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
TISLELIZUMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
TEBOTELIMAB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
CADONILIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
SPARTALIZUMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
MEDI0680 ? unclear Mechanistic
AUNP-12 ? unclear Mechanistic
DOSTARLIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
TORIPALIMAB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
CC-90006 ? unclear Mechanistic
CETRELIMAB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH 1 LIGAND 1 ? unclear Mechanistic
ANTI-PD-1 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY SYM021 ? unclear Mechanistic
CS-1003 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
EZABENLIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
PROLGOLIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
LIPUSTOBART ? unclear Mechanistic
PENPULIMAB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
BALSTILIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
GEPTANOLIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
IVONESCIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
SINTILIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
LORIGERLIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
FINOTONLIMAB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
RETIFANLIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
PUCOLENTIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
BINTRAFUSP ALFA ? unclear Mechanistic
IPAROMLIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
PIMIVALIMAB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
VUDALIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
APL-501 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
ZIMBERELIMAB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic

Showing top 40 of 52 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
LUSUTROMBOPAG ? unclear Mechanistic
PROTHROMBIN COMPLEX CONCENTRATE ? unclear Mechanistic
PROTEIN C CONCENTRATE (HUMAN) ? unclear Mechanistic
PROGESTERONE ? unclear Mechanistic
WARFARIN ? unclear Mechanistic
VITAMIN K3 ? unclear Mechanistic
ESTRADIOL VALERATE ? unclear Mechanistic
COMPOUND 37 [PMID: 24418773] ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
ANCROD ? unclear Mechanistic
SYNTHETIC CONJUGATED ESTROGENS, A ? unclear Mechanistic
AVATROMBOPAG ? unclear Mechanistic
3K3A-ACTIVATED PROTEIN C ? unclear Mechanistic
SODIUM TETRADECYL SULFATE ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL133326 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 23000.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL559015 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1800.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL432306 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 3700.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL330572 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 5200.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL92530 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 18000.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL93854 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1970.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL431267 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 11000.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL96218 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 9500.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL85757 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 12000.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL328893 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 8000.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL431281 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 4200.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL93151 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 5500.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL107627 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 13500.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL107911 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 94000.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL107282 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 39000.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL319035 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 33000.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL322901 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 12000.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL322165 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 10300.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL107392 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 15200.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL352039 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 6000.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL70328 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 15000.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL98472 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 6560.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL98858 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 73000.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL327600 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1200.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL93796 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 7000.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL331943 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 2400.0 nM (Ki)
DABIGATRAN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 20930.0 nM (Ki)

Showing top 40 of 168 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
GINKGO ? unclear Mechanistic
ALPROSTADIL ? unclear Mechanistic
LEVOTHYROXINE SODIUM ? unclear Mechanistic
SIMVASTATIN ? unclear Mechanistic
CILOSTAZOL ? unclear Mechanistic
CURCUMIN ? unclear Mechanistic
Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
NEOCEPTIN-3 ↑ activates Mechanistic
CISPLATIN ? unclear Mechanistic
PARIDIPRUBART ? unclear Mechanistic
ACETAMINOPHEN ? unclear Mechanistic
RESATORVID ? unclear Mechanistic 680.0 nM (IC50)
SAQUINAVIR ? unclear Mechanistic
CRX-555 ↑ activates Mechanistic
TLR AGONIST CADI-05 ? unclear Mechanistic
INFLIXIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
ADJUVANT ? unclear Mechanistic
LPS ↑ activates Mechanistic
FOLIC ACID ? unclear Mechanistic
DEHYDRATED ALCOHOL ? unclear Mechanistic
ERITORAN TETRASODIUM ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1.5 nM (IC50)
NELFINAVIR ? unclear Mechanistic
DEFOSLIMOD ? unclear Mechanistic
PERTUSSIS VACCINE ? unclear Mechanistic
METHOTREXATE ? unclear Mechanistic 1040.0 nM (IC50)
GSK1795091 ↑ activates Mechanistic
G100 ? unclear Mechanistic
ERITORAN ? unclear Mechanistic 1.5 nM (IC50)
RITONAVIR ? unclear Mechanistic
PREDNISOLONE ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL382272 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 350.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL200140 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 250.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL200667 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 80.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL200398 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 160.0 nM (IC50)
POLYMYXIN B ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1230.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL535384 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 4500.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL537642 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 6110.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL537866 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 10500.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL537865 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 9400.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL537645 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 61400.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL534488 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 27600.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL538329 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 35600.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL535159 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 59100.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL448191 ~ modulates Mechanistic
CHEMBL507938 ~ modulates Mechanistic
CHEMBL505526 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 2.4 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL501231 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 5.3 nM (IC50)

Showing top 40 of 205 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
DICLOFENAC SODIUM ? unclear Mechanistic
RDP58 ? unclear Mechanistic
METHYLENE BLUE ? unclear Mechanistic
ORTATAXEL ? unclear Mechanistic
CERTOLIZUMAB PEGOL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
OZORALIZUMAB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
THALIDOMIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
HUANG LIAN ? unclear Mechanistic
GOLIMUMAB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
CYCLOSPORINE ? unclear Mechanistic
DOCETAXEL ANHYDROUS ? unclear Mechanistic
HALOFUGINONE ? unclear Mechanistic
ETANERCEPT ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
ISIS 104838 ? unclear Mechanistic
GEMCITABINE ? unclear Mechanistic
INDOMETHACIN ? unclear Mechanistic
INSULIN, REGULAR, HUMAN ? unclear Mechanistic
DIDANOSINE ? unclear Mechanistic
5,7-DIHYDROXY-4-METHYLCOUMARIN ? unclear Mechanistic
SOBLIDOTIN ? unclear Mechanistic
STAVUDINE ? unclear Mechanistic
CISPLATIN ? unclear Mechanistic
MEROPENEM ANHYDROUS ? unclear Mechanistic
AMPHOTERICIN B LIPOSOMAL ? unclear Mechanistic
MIDAZOLAM HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
RIFAMPIN ? unclear Mechanistic
AVX-470 ? unclear Mechanistic
KETOROLAC TROMETHAMINE ? unclear Mechanistic
PRAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
RISPERIDONE ? unclear Mechanistic
BENZO[E]PYRENE ? unclear Mechanistic
ETHAMBUTOL HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
REMTOLUMAB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
SPIRONOLACTONE ? unclear Mechanistic
OMEPRAZOLE ? unclear Mechanistic
CARBOPLATIN ? unclear Mechanistic
MITOMYCIN C ANALOG KW-2149 ? unclear Mechanistic
NAFAMOSTAT ? unclear Mechanistic
ABBV-3373 ~ modulates Mechanistic
BACILLUS CALMETTE-GUERIN ANTIGEN ? unclear Mechanistic

Showing top 40 of 287 agents ranked by evidence tier.


Clinical Trials

Drug, biologic and supplement trials (treatment or prevention) from ClinicalTrials.gov whose main condition is Sepsis: recruiting, active or completed, most recently updated first. Data retrieved 2026-10-28.

NCT07834346 Phase: 3 Started: 2026-09

The goal of this clinical trial is to assess whether clarithromycin, given as an adjunct to standard-of-care antibiotic therapy, can reduce the risk of new infections and secondary sepsis in adult patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), sepsis, and sepsis-induced immunoparalys...

NCT06712641 Phase: 4 Started: 2026-04-23

Norwegian guidelines for empirical antibiotic therapy in suspected community acquired sepsis recommend the combination of narrow spectrum betalactam and aminoglycoside as the first choice, but broad spectrum betalactams are considered equally appropriate, effective, and safe. However, fear of renal ...

NCT07072871 Phase: N/A Started: 2025-02-19

This study investigated whether giving the probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum DAD-13 to sepsis patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) could help reduce inflammation and improve bowel function. A total of 30 adult ICU patients with sepsis were randomly assigned to receive either the probiotic...

NCT06377397 Phase: 3 Started: 2025-06-07

Preterm infants are born at less than 37 weeks of pregnancy. Sometimes a break or tear in the fluid filled bag that surrounds and protects the infant during pregnancy leads to an untimely birth. This state puts the infant at risk of serious condition called sepsis. Sepsis is a condition in which bod...

NCT07813767 Phase: 3 Started: 2026-10-01

The goal of this clinical trial is to demonstrate the clinical benefit of early intervention with meropenem in adult patients of both sexes with suspected infection and risk of sepsis. The primary objective is to evaluate the clinical benefit of a protein called Pancreatic Stone Protein (PSP), which...

NCT06381661 Phase: 2 Started: 2026-07-09

PALETTE is a perpetual adaptive platform to efficiently study sepsis interventions within 'treatable traits' in all-ages patients enabling prompt evaluation of pandemic treatments. Treatable traits, therapeutic targets identified by phenotypes or endotypes (defined by biological mechanism or by trea...

NCT05681442 Phase: 4 Started: 2023-11-13

Patients hospitalized in ICU with sepsis (infection with life-threatening organ dysfunction according to sepsis 3.0 definitions) or septic shock presumably due to MDR-GNB (multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacteria). The study will be a prospective multicentre, randomized, open-label comparative con...

NCT07866118 Phase: N/A Started: 2026-10-06

Sepsis is a life-threatening illness caused by an abnormal response to infection. Some people with sepsis have reduced immune function, which may make recovery more difficult. This study will examine whether adding thymalfasin, also called thymosin alpha-1, to usual sepsis care improves recovery of ...

NCT07610486 Phase: 1/2 Started: 2026-07-28

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if preterm infants who are prescribed antibiotics shortly after birth can safely receive a shorter course of antibiotics (24 to 36 hours instead of 48 hours). The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does short-course ampicillin provide high enough leve...

NCT05391789 Phase: 3 Started: 2022-11-10

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by the maladjusted response of the host to infection. It is a clinical syndrome with high mortality. Studies have confirmed that many cytokines play a vital role in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Ulinastatin (UTI) is a glycoprotein that exists in hu...

NCT07436130 Phase: N/A Started: 2026-03-01

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that occurs when the body's response to an infection becomes overwhelming and damages its own organs. It is one of the leading causes of death in critically ill (very sick) patients worldwide. Despite advances in antibiotics, intensive care, and life-support te...

NCT07273071 Phase: 4 Started: 2026-09-07

The primary objective of the IMPACT-NAC trial is to assess the effects of N-acetylcysteine on survival and hospital length of stay in adults admitted to the emergency department with acute infection or sepsis and evidence of liver dysfunction. The main question it aims to answer is: does N-acetylcys...

NCT07215702 Phase: 2 Started: 2026-02-10

This study will enroll adults aged 18 to 80 years diagnosed with sepsis due to a suspected or confirmed bacterial infection, within 7 days of being admitted to the hospital, and who have also developed acute kidney injury within 72 hours of the onset of sepsis. Eligible participants will be randomly...

NCT05758246 Phase: 2 Started: 2023-08-23

The long-term goal is to test the clinical efficacy of senolytic therapies to reduce progression to and severity of sepsis in older patients. The central hypothesis is that a threshold burden of SnCs predisposes to a SASP mediated dysfunctional response to PAMPs, contributing to a disproportionate b...

NCT06319248 Phase: 2 Started: 2024-05-14

This study is being done to determine if early administration of Midodrine can improve outcomes by maintaining a higher mean blood pressure off of intravenous medications. Researchers want to see if Midodrine can help people with sepsis need fewer vasopressors, which could mean shorter hospital stay...


Agents Found By Disease-Level Search

Searched directly from “Sepsis” via ClinicalTrials.gov interventions and Open Targets' disease→drug data — independent of the 12-gene target panel above. This surfaces agents whose mechanism doesn't route through a curated gene (combination therapies, standard-of-care drugs, targets outside the panel).

47 agents shown (approved or with trial evidence) — 43 not found by the gene-target search above.

MenACWY-PS polysaccharide vaccine, ( ACWYVax, GSK) and MenACWY-CRM conjugate vaccine (Menveo, Novartis)NOT in gene-target list

· 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01593514 NCT01593514

Replenish ProteinNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03480555

Standard proteinNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03480555

Multifaceted de-implementation strategy to reduce vancomycin overuseNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05975671

fosmanogepix (APX001)NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04148287

Antibiotic

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01728363

In vitro determination of non-carbonic buffer powerNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03503214

Classic description of acid-base statusNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03503214

trovafloxacin and levofloxacinNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00548002

REGN7544NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06608901

PBNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06608901

SOPs for decision-making and communicationNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01247792

Chlorhexidine Gluconate Skin CleanserNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01817075

Mild Soap Skin CleanserNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01817075

HealthPatchNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02933307

ViSi MobileNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02933307

Pediatric eCARTNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06771830

Intravenous human immunoglobulinNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02219165

AlbuminNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02219165

Propafenone i.v.NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03029169

Amiodarone i.v.NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03029169

Antibody-Drug ConjugateNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05349383

Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents other than Antibody-Drug ConjugateNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05349383

Talactoferrin alfaNOT in gene-target list

Phase 2/3 · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT00630656

Soluble Immune checkpoint levelsNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07689266

HaloperidolNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01211522

Ziprasidone

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01211522

Interferon gammaNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05843786

Vitamin CNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03829683

Dextrose 5% in waterNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03829683

Quantiferon CMV (assay that determine the presence of CMV-specific T lymphocytes).NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06341543

Piperacillin-tazobactamNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02730624

Thoracic duct drainageNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04855786

sodium selenite pentahydrateNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02026856

Anisodamine hydrobromide combined with heparinNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05634057

Fortified Pasteurized Donor Human Milk supplementNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00005888

Preterm Formula supplementNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00005888

Sepsis Transition And Recovery (STAR)NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03865602

Dobutamine

Phase 2 · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT04166331

Dexmedetomidine HydrochlorideNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06169475

Esmolol Hydrochloride

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06169475

C1-esterase inhibitorNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01766414

Winclove 607NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02469571

Intravenous fluidNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01449721

taurolidineNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00321165

Chlorhexidine Topical CreamNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06002295

Methylated SpiritNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06002295

Generated by the Open Source Medicine Foundation Biomarker Pipeline — 2026-10-08. Data sources: DGIdb, Open Targets, ChEMBL, PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov. Not medical advice.