Remission & chronicity

Spontaneous remission

Spontaneous full remission rare (<10%); after first episode, ~80% relapse within 5 years without maintenance antipsychotic; functional disability accumulates over time; 20% achieve good long-term outcome

Best-intervention remission

Long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs): 30-50% reduction in relapse vs oral antipsychotics (PALIPERIDONE PALMITATE, aripiprazole monthly); clozapine for treatment-resistant: 30-60% response in patients who failed 2 other antipsychotics; critical period intensive early intervention (NAVIGATE program): 3x better employment, 30% less symptom burden at 2 years

Gap size

Large — LAIs chronically underused; clozapine for TRS grossly underused; early intervention services reach only a fraction of FEP patients

Primary barrier

practice

Clozapine is used in only 4% of TRS patients in the US despite clear efficacy (should be ~30%); LAIs offered to only 15-25% of patients despite superior relapse prevention vs oral; stigma and structural barriers delay first treatment by 1-2 years on average; many patients never receive coordinated specialty care

Biomarker Targets & Therapeutic Agents

Gene targets queried against DGIdb, Open Targets, ChEMBL, PubMed, and Europe PMC. Agents ranked: Clinical > Mechanistic > Correlative.

AKT1 248 BDNF 109 COMT 176 DRD2 372 DRD3 302 GAD1 1 GRIN2B 236 HTR2A 362

AKT1

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Source
FASUDIL	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
TOPOTECAN HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
5-METHOXYCANTHINONE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
IPATASERTIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
MS15	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
NELFINAVIR	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
XL418	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ENZASTAURIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
TRICIRIBINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
PERIFOSINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
M-2698	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
UPROSERTIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CANTHIN-6-ONE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CAPIVASERTIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CI-1040	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL480356	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ANDROGRAPHOLIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
SR-13668	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
LAUROGUADINE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
DABRAFENIB	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
GEFITINIB	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
EVEROLIMUS	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
GIGANTOL	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
GSK690693	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
VAD-044	~ modulates	Mechanistic	DGIdb
HU7691	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
LY-2780301	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
GAMBOGIC AMIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
MIRANSERTIB	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
GEDATOLISIB	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
EUPALININ A	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
NINTEDANIB ESYLATE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
GSK269962A	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ERLOTINIB	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CEP-11981	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
OMIPALISIB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
A-674563	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ARCHEXIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CANERTINIB DIHYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
BARDOXOLONE METHYL	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 248 agents ranked by evidence tier.

BDNF

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Source
SIMVASTATIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
NORTRIPTYLINE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ZINC SULFATE ANHYDROUS	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
DONEPEZIL HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
DOXORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
PROTEIN KINASE C INHIBITOR	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
INOSITOL	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
SODIUM CHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
DITIOCARB	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
TETRADECANOYLPHORBOL ACETATE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
OPIATE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
NYSTATIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ANTIBIOTIC	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
THERAPEUTIC CYTOKINE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ANESTHETIC AGENT	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
EDODEKIN ALFA	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CLOMIPRAMINE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
FREUND'S ADJUVANT	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
NALOXONE HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ANALGESIC AGENT	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
INSULIN, REGULAR, HUMAN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
FLURBIPROFEN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
MIFEPRISTONE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CETUXIMAB	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
PILOCARPINE HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
FLUOROURACIL	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
RNA POLYMERASE INHIBITOR	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
TOPOTECAN HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CORTICOTROPIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
DULOXETINE HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
PROPRANOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
BACLOFEN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
MEDICATION	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
COLCHICINE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
TRAMADOL	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
GEMFIBROZIL	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CAPSAICIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
AMITRIPTYLINE HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
INDOMETHACIN	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CHLORPROMAZINE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 109 agents ranked by evidence tier.

COMT

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Potency	Source
ENTACAPONE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	386.0 nM (IC50)	DGIdb
TOLCAPONE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	127.0 nM (IC50)	DGIdb
HYDROCODONE POLISTIREX	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SUMATRIPTAN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
QUETIAPINE FUMARATE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
RASAGILINE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PREGABALIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
NALTREXONE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
HALOPERIDOL DECANOATE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PROPRANOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ACETAMINOPHEN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CODEINE ANHYDROUS	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
MERCAPTOPURINE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
OPICAPONE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	1.0 nM (Ki)	DGIdb
PAROXETINE HYDROCHLORIDE, HEMIHYDRATE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
RALOXIFENE HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
NEBICAPONE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ANALGESIC AGENT	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ANHYDROUS DEXTROSE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
GALCANEZUMAB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
REMIFENTANIL HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
FLUVOXAMINE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ERGOT ALKALOIDS	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
IBUPROFEN, SODIUM SALT	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ERENUMAB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
METHADONE HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
FREMANEZUMAB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ALFENTANIL	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BUPROPION HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
NALOXONE HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
DULOXETINE HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL1091983	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	1.6 nM (Ki)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL1091982	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	6.0 nM (Ki)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL1091981	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	16.6 nM (Ki)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL1089539	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	10.6 nM (Ki)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL1089538	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	17.0 nM (Ki)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL1089537	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	17.0 nM (Ki)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL1089536	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	10.2 nM (Ki)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL1091204	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	1.1 nM (Ki)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL1089630	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	1.3 nM (Ki)	ChEMBL

Showing top 40 of 176 agents ranked by evidence tier.

DRD2

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Potency	Source
LOXAPINE HYDROCHLORIDE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
MINAPRINE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SULPIRIDE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
HALOPERIDOL DECANOATE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ZIPRASIDONE MESYLATE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
METHYLDOPA ANHYDROUS	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BENPERIDOL	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
FLUSPIRILENE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
VERALIPRIDE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CAFFEINE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SUMANIROLE	↑ activates	Mechanistic	9.0 nM (Ki)	DGIdb
ZIPRASIDONE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
METOCLOPRAMIDE HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
LUMATEPERONE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
FLUPENTHIXOL	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PROCHLORPERAZINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PERAZINE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
FLUPHENAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ROPINIROLE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
RACLOPRIDE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PROMAZINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
[3H]PD128907	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
MORPHINE SULFATE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ALIZAPRIDE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PHENYLTOLOXAMINE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
LOXAPINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CABERGOLINE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BREXPIPRAZOLE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PALIPERIDONE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
APLINDORE FUMARATE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
APOMORPHINE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CARIPRAZINE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
MOLINDONE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TIAPRIDE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ZOTEPINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
DOPAMINE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
XP21279	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PROMAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
VILAZODONE HYDROCHLORIDE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TRIFLUPROMAZINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 372 agents ranked by evidence tier.

DRD3

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Potency	Source
QUINPIROLE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
OLANZAPINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TALIPEXOLE HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CARIPRAZINE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
COCAINE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
7-TRANS-OH-PIPAT	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
AGROCLAVINE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
THIORIDAZINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ROPINIROLE HYDROCHLORIDE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
[3H]7-OH-DPAT	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SPIPERONE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
[3H]PD128907	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SERTINDOLE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
XP21279	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
HALOPERIDOL DECANOATE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
QUINELORANE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BROMOCRIPTINE	↑ activates	Mechanistic	87.0 nM (Ki)	DGIdb
(-)-N-PORPHYNORAPOMORPHINE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
MESORIDAZINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHLORPROMAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ERGOLOID MESYLATES	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
AMISULPRIDE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BIFEPRUNOX	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
DOPAMINE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
LISURIDE	↑ activates	Mechanistic	1.7 nM (Ki)	DGIdb
PERGOLIDE MESYLATE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
(+)-UH232	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BROMOCRIPTINE MESYLATE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
DROPERIDOL	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
NGB 2904	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
THIORIDAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ADOPRAZINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
VILAZODONE HYDROCHLORIDE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PRECLAMOL HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
METHOTRIMEPRAZINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SULPIRIDE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1256191	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ZOTEPINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PROMAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
DULOXETINE HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 302 agents ranked by evidence tier.

GAD1

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Potency	Source
S-ALLYLGLYCINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb

GRIN2B

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Potency	Source
APIMOSTINEL	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
L701324	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
FELBAMATE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
METHYLPHENIDATE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CLOZAPINE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
NVP-AAM077	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
GLYCINE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SELFOTEL	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
AMANTADINE HYDROCHLORIDE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
QUETIAPINE FUMARATE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
L689560	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
LATREPIRDINE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
MG2+	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TRAXOPRODIL	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	74.0 nM (IC50)	DGIdb
VALPROIC ACID	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
[3H]DIZOCILPINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CNS-5161	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
NEBOGLAMINE	~ modulates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
NP-10679	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
5,7-DICHLOROKYNURENIC ACID	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
GV196771A	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
DIZOCILPINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
INDANTADOL	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ESKETAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE	~ modulates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SEVOFLURANE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
LANICEMINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ASPARTIC ACID	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
UBP141	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
DELUCEMINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
S-DESCHLOROKETAMINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
RAPASTINEL	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
[3H]L689560	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
EVT-101	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
[3H]D-ASPARTIC ACID	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
[3H]MDL105519	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ELIPRODIL	? unclear	Mechanistic	13.0 nM (Ki)	DGIdb
D-CCPENE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
N1-DANSYL-SPERMINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ESKETAMINE	~ modulates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
KETAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 236 agents ranked by evidence tier.

HTR2A

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Potency	Source
LURASIDONE HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ESMIRTAZAPINE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PERGOLIDE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
XANOMELINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BROLAMFETAMINE	↑ activates	Mechanistic	41.0 nM (Ki)	DGIdb
BRL-15572	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ARIPIPRAZOLE LAUROXIL	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
MIANSERIN	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
[3H]8-OH-DPAT	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
OLANZAPINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SB 228357	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
HALOPERIDOL LACTATE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
METHYLERGONOVINE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
QUIPAZINE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ASENAPINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
FLUPHENAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
LUMATEPERONE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TRIFLUOPERAZINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
KETANSERIN	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
LOXAPINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
VER-3323	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SARPOGRELATE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BREXPIPRAZOLE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
EPLIVANSERIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PROMAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TRAZODONE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
MOLINDONE HYDROCHLORIDE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BLONANSERIN	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
MOLINDONE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
9-OH-RISPERIDONE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PRUVANSERIN	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
QUETIAPINE FUMARATE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
NEFAZODONE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BW723C86	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
MESORIDAZINE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ORG 12962	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
FLIBANSERIN	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
LP-12	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
MESORIDAZINE BESYLATE	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 362 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Clinical Trials

Drug, biologic and supplement trials (treatment or prevention) from ClinicalTrials.gov whose main condition is Schizophrenia: recruiting, active or completed, most recently updated first. Data retrieved 2026-10-28.

A Study of the Feasibility, Safety and Tolerability of Aticaprant as Adjunctive Treatment in Participants With Schizophrenia Recruiting

NCT07615426 Phase: 1 Started: 2026-03-02

The purpose of this study is to see how feasible it is to enroll participants with schizophrenia and for them to complete the study/assessments. It will also assess how safe and tolerable aticaprant is when compared with placebo in participants with schizophrenia.

A Study to Evaluate KYN-5356 in Adults With Cognitive Impairment Associated With Schizophrenia Completed

NCT07191483 Phase: 2 Started: 2025-08-27

This is a Phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy, safety, Pharmacokinetic (PK) and Pharmacodynamic (PD) effects of 3 different dose regiments of KYN-5356 and placebo for 28 days. Participants will be randomized to one of 4 treatment groups: placebo, KYN-...

Combination of NMDA-enhancing and Antioxidant Treatments for Schizophrenia Recruiting

NCT04959201 Phase: 2 Started: 2020-11-30

Previous studies found that some NMDA-enhancing agents were able to improve clinical symptoms of patients with schizophrenia. In addition, several drugs with antioxidant properties have been tested in clinical trials for the treatment of schizophrenia too. Whether combined treatment of an NMDA-enhan...

Combination of NMDA-enhancing and Anti-inflammatory Treatments for Schizophrenia Recruiting

NCT04917302 Phase: 2 Started: 2020-10-13

Previous studies found that some NMDA-enhancing agents were able to improve clinical symptoms of patients with chronic schizophrenia. In addition, several drugs with anti-inflammatory properties have been tested in clinical trials for the treatment of schizophrenia too. Whether combined treatment of...

NMDA-enhancing Treatment for Cognitive Dysfunction of Schizophrenia Recruiting

NCT06021197 Phase: 2 Started: 2023-10-12

Cognitive impairment, the core psychopathology of schizophrenia, usually persists in schizophrenia patients even during symptomatic remission. While cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia (CIAS) is an important therapeutic target, hypofunction of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) is ...

A Study to Evaluate the Effect of KarXT on Urological Safety Recruiting

NCT07221877 Phase: 4 Started: 2026-01-20

The purpose of this study is to characterize the effect of KarXT on voiding dynamics and urological safety in participants with DSM-5 schizophrenia.

A Study to Evaluate the Long-term Safety and Tolerability of Xanomeline and Trospium Chloride for the Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders in Children and Adolescents Recruiting

NCT07424404 Phase: 3 Started: 2026-04-07

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the long-term safety and tolerability of Xanomeline and Trospium Chloride for the treatment of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents

A Long-Term Open-Label Study of ML-007C-MA in Adults With Schizophrenia Recruiting

NCT07459647 Phase: 2 Started: 2026-03-31

ML-007C-MA-212 is a 52-week open-label study designed to evaluate the long-term safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of ML-007C-MA in participants with schizophrenia who have recently completed an antecedent study (ML-007C-MA-211) or enroll directly (De Novo Cohort).

Study on the Efficacy and Safety of QLM1016 in Schizophrenia Active Not Recruiting

NCT06799559 Phase: 3 Started: 2025-10-02

The study will evaluate the antipsychotic efficacy of QLM1016 in a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel controlled study in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia.

A Study of Brenipatide in Adult Participants With Schizophrenia Recruiting

NCT07410507 Phase: 2 Started: 2026-02-10

The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of brenipatide when administered with standard of care (SoC) compared to placebo plus SoC for treatment of schizophrenia. The trial is divided into three periods as follows: Screening period will last approximately 1 month, treatment per...

A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of KarXT for the Treatment of Schizophrenia in Adolescents (EMERGENT TEEN) Recruiting

NCT07288567 Phase: 3 Started: 2026-01-29

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of KarXT for treatment of Schizophrenia in adolescents.

Lumateperone for the Prevention of Relapse in Patients With Schizophrenia Completed

NCT04959032 Phase: 3 Started: 2021-07-08

This is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, fixed-dose study in adult patients with a primary diagnosis of schizophrenia according to criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, (DSM-5).

A Trial of the Efficacy and Safety of SEP-363856 in Acutely Psychotic Participants With Schizophrenia Active Not Recruiting

NCT06894212 Phase: 3 Started: 2025-02-28

Evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ulotaront (SEP-363856) in acutely psychotic subjects with schizophrenia

Safety and Tolerability of Open-Labeled Iloperidone in Adolescents Recruiting

NCT05648591 Phase: 4 Started: 2023-05-24

To evaluate the safety and tolerability of iloperidone in adolescent patients with schizophrenia or bipolar I disorder for up to 52 weeks of treatment.

Relapse Prevention Trial Evaluating KarXT Treatment in Schizophrenia Recruiting

NCT07686263 Phase: 3 Started: 2026-08-20

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the relapse prevention of KarXT in the treatment of participants with Schizophrenia

Agents Found By Disease-Level Search

Searched directly from “Schizophrenia” via ClinicalTrials.gov interventions and Open Targets' disease→drug data — independent of the 8-gene target panel above. This surfaces agents whose mechanism doesn't route through a curated gene (combination therapies, standard-of-care drugs, targets outside the panel).

42 agents shown (approved or with trial evidence) — 33 not found by the gene-target search above.

Risperidone

Approved · 6 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT04478838 NCT00485498 NCT03568500

Olanzapine

Approved · 4 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT04478838 NCT00169065 NCT03568500

Aripiprazole

Approved · 4 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT02339844 NCT01338298 NCT00312598

brexpiprazole (OPC-34712)NOT in gene-target list

Approved · 3 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01451164 NCT01451164 NCT01451164

Alpha Lipoic AcidNOT in gene-target list

· 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01355952 NCT03788759

AtomoxetineNOT in gene-target list

Phase 3 · 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT00628394 NCT00161031

paliperidone

Approved · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT04478838

MinocyclineNOT in gene-target list

Phase 3 · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT01433055

Glycine

Phase 3 · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT00291226

asenapine

Approved · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT01190267

biochemical parametersNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05803447

Clozapine

Approved · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT00169065

ValacyclovirNOT in gene-target list

Phase 2 · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT00514449

Olanzapine HydrochlorideNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00485498

EVP-6124 (0.3 mg/day)NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01556763

EVP-6124 (1.0 mg/day)NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01556763

Antipsychotic therapyNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01556763

Usual CMNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03481049

High-Magnitude CMNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03481049

Shaping CMNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03481049

PACE-LifeNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04173572

Aripiprazole IM DepotNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03172871

Aripiprazole tabletNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03172871

Lu AF11167NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02260830

Occupational Time Use InterventionNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00520728

Standardised semi-structured talkNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04280367

Anxiety measuringNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04280367

ziprasidone vs risperidone or olanzapineNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00225498

Any FDA approved antipsychotic agentNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02360319

aripiprazole long acting injectable formulationNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02360319

nurse facilitated face care groupNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04542928

Enriched supportive therapy (EST)NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00167362

O-15 WaterNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00024622

18F-Fluoro-L-dopaNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00024622

Iloperidone

Approved · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT00254202

Ziprasidone

Approved · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT00254202

Ginkgo Biloba ExtractNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05258123

Paliperidone ERNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00791622

À deux, c'est mieux (Better Together) Group InterventionNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07316803

PregnenoloneNOT in gene-target list

Phase 2 · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT00894842

HOPES-INOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00817154

Apo-Methylphenidate ERNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05414058

Generated by the Open Source Medicine Foundation Biomarker Pipeline — 2026-10-08. Data sources: DGIdb, Open Targets, ChEMBL, PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov. Not medical advice.

Schizophrenia

Remission & chronicity

Biomarker Targets & Therapeutic Agents

AKT1

BDNF

COMT

DRD2

DRD3

GAD1

GRIN2B

HTR2A

Clinical Trials

Agents Found By Disease-Level Search

The research patients need, made open source.

Conditions

Data

Tools

Foundation