Biomarker & Intervention Discovery

Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

This page lists 12 druggable gene targets, 48 approved or trial-tested drug candidates and 15 recent clinical trials for Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS), with each agent ranked by the strength of its evidence (clinical, mechanistic or correlative). Candidates include existing drugs that could be repurposed. Sources are linked so you can check every claim.

Spontaneous remissionEssentially zero; progressive cytopaenia and transformation to AML in 30-40% of higher-risk MDS over 2-5 years; median…
Best-intervention remissionAllogeneic HSCT: only curative option; 5-year OS 35-50% in fit patients; hypomethylating agents (azacitidine…
Gap sizeLarge — MDS has limited treatment options; curative HSCT used in <15% of patients (age, comorbidity, donor…
Primary barrierbiological + access
Full remission profile →

Remission & chronicity

Spontaneous remission
Essentially zero; progressive cytopaenia and transformation to AML in 30-40% of higher-risk MDS over 2-5 years; median survival low-risk MDS ~5 years, high-risk ~1 year without treatment
Best-intervention remission
Allogeneic HSCT: only curative option; 5-year OS 35-50% in fit patients; hypomethylating agents (azacitidine, decitabine): ORR 15-17%, overall survival improvement 9 months vs SC; oral azacitidine (CC-486): 10.7 vs 8.9 months OS in AML maintenance post-remission
Gap size
Large — MDS has limited treatment options; curative HSCT used in <15% of patients (age, comorbidity, donor availability); existing drugs are not curative
Primary barrier
biological + access
MDS predominantly affects elderly patients who are often HSCT-ineligible; hypomethylating agents provide modest benefit without cure; luspatercept (TGF-β trap) approved for LR-MDS with ring sideroblasts 2020 — improved transfusion independence; imetelstat for LR-MDS — Phase 3 (IMerge) showed independence from transfusion in 40% vs 15% placebo

Biomarker Targets & Therapeutic Agents

Gene targets queried against DGIdb, Open Targets, ChEMBL, PubMed, and Europe PMC. Agents ranked: Clinical > Mechanistic > Correlative.

ACVR2B 33BCL2 214CD47 27CRBN 151DNMT1 232HAVCR2 78IDH1 531IDH2 163SF3B1 6TERT 211TET2 68TP53 652
Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
DIBOTERMIN ALFA ↑ activates Mechanistic
RAMATERCEPT ? unclear Mechanistic
BIMAGRUMAB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
DASATINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 570.0 nM (Kd)
ALVOCIDIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 2400.0 nM (Kd)
PAZOPANIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 2400.0 nM (Kd)
JNJ-7706621 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 5900.0 nM (Kd)
SB-202190 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 4800.0 nM (Kd)
STAUROSPORINE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 4600.0 nM (Kd)
VX-702 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 92.0 nM (Kd)
LESTAURTINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 3800.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL1808264 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 10.0 nM (IC50)
TAE-684 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 4300.0 nM (Kd)
PLX-4720 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 3200.0 nM (Kd)
KW-2449 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 370.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL1241674 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 7.6 nM (Kd)
AXITINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 5200.0 nM (Kd)
AST-487 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1400.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL386051 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 9.1 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL3823101 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 7680.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL3991933 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 901.0 nM (Kd)
AZD-7762 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 253.0 nM (Kd)
SARACATINIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 3878.0 nM (Kd)
TG100-801 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 419.0 nM (Kd)
GSK-1070916 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 9900.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4283638 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 3130.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL513147 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 9300.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL5595138 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 68.9 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL5594704 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 6344.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL5591770 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 17.9 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL5653589 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 3.019 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL3752910 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 3181.45 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL6172244 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 364.0 nM (IC50)
Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUG ? unclear Mechanistic
ENDOTHELIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST ? unclear Mechanistic
BORTEZOMIB ? unclear Mechanistic
DOXORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
MITOXANTRONE HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
VENETOCLAX ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
NAVITOCLAX ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
ISOTRETINOIN ? unclear Mechanistic
BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN ? unclear Mechanistic
OXALIPLATIN ? unclear Mechanistic
TAZAROTENE ? unclear Mechanistic
LISAFTOCLAX ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
GOSSYPOL ? unclear Mechanistic 320.0 nM (Ki)
EDARAVONE ? unclear Mechanistic
TENIPOSIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
DITIOCARB ? unclear Mechanistic
CARBOPLATIN ? unclear Mechanistic
CILENGITIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
ESTRAMUSTINE ? unclear Mechanistic
RECOMBINANT INTERFERON ? unclear Mechanistic
CISPLATIN ? unclear Mechanistic
AZD4320 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
PELCITOCLAX ? unclear Mechanistic
ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE ? unclear Mechanistic
ANG1005 ? unclear Mechanistic
OBATOCLAX ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
ANTI-CD19 CAR T CELLS AT101 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
FOSBRETABULIN DISODIUM ? unclear Mechanistic
APG-1252-M1 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
SONROTOCLAX ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
DULANERMIN ? unclear Mechanistic
RALTITREXED ? unclear Mechanistic
EPIRUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
ETOPOSIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE MODULATOR ? unclear Mechanistic
BCL-2 INHIBITOR BCL201 ? unclear Mechanistic
PROTUBOXEPIN A ? unclear Mechanistic
RIBAVIRIN ? unclear Mechanistic
DIETHYLSTILBESTROL ? unclear Mechanistic
APRINOCARSEN ? unclear Mechanistic

Showing top 40 of 214 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
ABT-510 ? unclear Mechanistic
EVORPACEPT ? unclear Mechanistic
ONTORPACEPT ? unclear Mechanistic
MAGROLIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
LIGUFALIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
THROMBOSPONDIN 1 ? unclear Mechanistic
ANTI-CD47 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY CC-90002 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL3911226 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 18000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL3939184 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 27000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL3900522 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 6200.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL3971661 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 43000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL3891508 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 40000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL3974452 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 19000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL3946082 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1500.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL3975422 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 10000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL3899400 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 42000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4449880 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 21000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4471112 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 36000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4545895 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 48000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4470419 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 38000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4474790 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 8600.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4462869 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 15000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4585124 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 17000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4570565 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 13000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4462459 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 9500.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4573126 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 20000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4522427 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 190.0 nM (Kd)
Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
IBERDOMIDE ~ modulates Mechanistic 60.0 nM (IC50)
GOLCADOMIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
POMALIDOMIDE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1200.0 nM (IC50)
MG-277 ? unclear Mechanistic
LENALIDOMIDE HYDROCHLORIDE MONOHYDRATE ~ modulates Mechanistic
THALIDOMIDE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 29900.0 nM (IC50)
TX-16 ? unclear Mechanistic
AK-2292 ? unclear Mechanistic
LENALIDOMIDE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1500.0 nM (IC50)
AVADOMIDE ? unclear Mechanistic 38700.0 nM (IC50)
DBRD9 ? unclear Mechanistic
TL12-186 ? unclear Mechanistic
SJ995973 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
CBPD-268 ? unclear Mechanistic
MEZIGDOMIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
SK5527 ? unclear Mechanistic
SB-405483 ~ modulates Mechanistic
MS40 ? unclear Mechanistic
DTAG-13 ? unclear Mechanistic
PTD10 ? unclear Mechanistic
MD-222 ? unclear Mechanistic
NVP-DKY709 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL3764647 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 7900.0 nM (Kd)
SUCCINIMIDE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 34500.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4449512 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 2.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4436772 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 5.5 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL3693969 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1470.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4226052 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 28.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4466169 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 10000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4635421 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 440.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL4648907 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 130.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL4645406 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 970.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL4648134 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 800.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL4639892 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 2200.0 nM (Ki)
DASABUVIR ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 4710.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL4758352 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 67800.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL4797970 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 65700.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4759876 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 84800.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4798668 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1200.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4749646 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 460.0 nM (IC50)

Showing top 40 of 151 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
MAHANINE ? unclear Mechanistic
PALIFOSFAMIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
HYDROXYUREA ? unclear Mechanistic
ANTROQUINONOL ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1490332 ? unclear Mechanistic
IFOSFAMIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
FARNESYL TRANSFERASE INHIBITOR ? unclear Mechanistic
GUADECITABINE ? unclear Mechanistic
ORAL AZACITIDINE ? unclear Mechanistic
DEMETHOXYCURCUMIN ? unclear Mechanistic
SELENIUM ? unclear Mechanistic
TCDD ? unclear Mechanistic
CURCUMIN ? unclear Mechanistic
DAPHNORIN ? unclear Mechanistic 7560.0 nM (IC50)
DECITABINE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
CM-272 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
MITOXANTRONE HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
AZACITIDINE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
GSK3685032 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
SGI-1027 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
RODUCITABINE ? unclear Mechanistic
CISPLATIN ? unclear Mechanistic
TETRAHYDROCURCUMIN ? unclear Mechanistic
CEPHALOTHIN ? unclear Mechanistic 7280.0 nM (IC50)
DECITABINE AND CEDAZURIDINE ? unclear Mechanistic
BROMO-DEAZA-SAH ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
MG98 ? unclear Mechanistic
DIETHYLSTILBESTROL ? unclear Mechanistic
ARSENIC TRIOXIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
DOXORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
ZEBULARINE ? unclear Mechanistic
FLOXURIDINE ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL2063052 ? unclear Mechanistic
BENZANTHRONE ? unclear Mechanistic
HEXAHYDROCURCUMIN ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL599013 ? unclear Mechanistic
BISDEMETHOXYCURCUMIN ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL580076 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL382617 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 100000.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL383475 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 50000.0 nM (IC50)

Showing top 40 of 232 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
PD1 INHIBITOR ? unclear Mechanistic
SABATOLIMAB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
ANTI-TIM3 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY LY3321367 ? unclear Mechanistic
ANTI-TIM-3 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY ? unclear Mechanistic
COBOLIMAB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
LOMVASTOMIG ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
CHEMBL1569082 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 810000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4876694 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 330000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4866110 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 250000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4860123 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 40000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4870128 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 40000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4852144 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 50000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4864057 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 90000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4871549 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 90000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4870200 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 40000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4854696 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 40000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4863477 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 10000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4865760 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 130000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4876887 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 450000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL1610810 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 460000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL1462057 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 530000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4854485 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 740000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL69086 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 670000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4864031 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 780000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL2132792 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1400000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL1576751 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 850000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4848599 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 2000.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4873902 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 250.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4859588 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1600.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL4860976 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 2100.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL4874818 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1500.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL4851756 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1800.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL4872496 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 2200.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL4876721 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 2300.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL4864303 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 2600.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL4846039 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1500.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL4875904 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1300.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL4868118 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 970.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL4873816 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 550.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL4863017 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 750.0 nM (Ki)

Showing top 40 of 78 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
OLAPARIB ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL596631 ? unclear Mechanistic
LOMUSTINE ? unclear Mechanistic
PD173074 ? unclear Mechanistic
LYNGBYABELLIN A ? unclear Mechanistic
GALANTAMINE HYDROBROMIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL580609 ? unclear Mechanistic
SAQUINAVIR ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1998001 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1588679 ? unclear Mechanistic
IDH305 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
ANGUSTIBALIN ? unclear Mechanistic
CYCLOHEXIMIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL22062 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHLORPROMAZINE ? unclear Mechanistic
BROXYQUINOLINE ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL600734 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL600908 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL548615 ? unclear Mechanistic
VORASIDENIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
PANOBINOSTAT ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL606532 ? unclear Mechanistic
ENNIATIN B ? unclear Mechanistic
AZACITIDINE ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1490332 ? unclear Mechanistic
REV-5901 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1312050 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL426 ? unclear Mechanistic
CUCURBITACIN B ? unclear Mechanistic
XD1 ? unclear Mechanistic
HELENALIN ? unclear Mechanistic
AZELASTINE HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL576208 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL473721 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL576409 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL530291 ? unclear Mechanistic
CEPHALOCHROMIN ? unclear Mechanistic
PURPURIN ? unclear Mechanistic
METHOTREXATE ? unclear Mechanistic
DIPHYLLIN ? unclear Mechanistic

Showing top 40 of 531 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
ENASIDENIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 340.0 nM (IC50)
VORASIDENIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 130.0 nM (IC50)
DASATINIB ANHYDROUS ? unclear Mechanistic
RANOSIDENIB ? unclear Mechanistic
QUIZARTINIB ? unclear Mechanistic
LY3410738 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL3392845 ? unclear Mechanistic
IVOSIDENIB ? unclear Mechanistic
DUBERMATINIB ? unclear Mechanistic
DECITABINE ? unclear Mechanistic
VENETOCLAX ? unclear Mechanistic
VORASIDENIB CITRATE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
SORAFENIB ? unclear Mechanistic
CRENOLANIB ? unclear Mechanistic
IDH2 MUTANT INHIBITOR SH1573 ? unclear Mechanistic
MIDOSTAURIN ? unclear Mechanistic
CERALASERTIB ? unclear Mechanistic
DAUNORUBICIN LIPOSOMAL ? unclear Mechanistic
IDH2 MUTANT INHIBITOR TQB3455 ? unclear Mechanistic
CYTARABINE ? unclear Mechanistic
GILTERITINIB ? unclear Mechanistic
AZACITIDINE ? unclear Mechanistic
ENASIDENIB MESYLATE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 123.6 nM (IC50)
TALAZOPARIB ? unclear Mechanistic
OLAPARIB ? unclear Mechanistic
ALECTINIB ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL3947537 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 3800.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4290152 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 50.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4280581 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 50.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4282029 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 50.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4292196 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 50.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4280463 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 50.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4281900 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 50.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4284624 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 50.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4288431 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 50.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4286718 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 50.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4284814 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 50.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4289977 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 100.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4282071 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 100.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4277498 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 50.0 nM (IC50)

Showing top 40 of 163 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
OLAPARIB ? unclear Mechanistic
ETOPOSIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
H3B-8800 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL5653589 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 3000.8 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL3752910 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 2847.44 nM (Kd)
MOLIBRESIB ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 7501.0 nM (Kd)
Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
CHEMBL:CHEMBL17442 ? unclear Mechanistic
IMETELSTAT ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
ARSENIC TRIOXIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
OMACETAXINE MEPESUCCINATE ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL190474 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL91163 ? unclear Mechanistic
IMETELSTAT SODIUM ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
SODIUM METAARSENITE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
HLA-A*0201 RESTRICTED TERT(572Y)/TERT(572) PEPTIDES VACCINE VX-001 ? unclear Mechanistic
HTERT VACCINE V934/V935 ? unclear Mechanistic
9,10-PHENANTHRENEQUINONE ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL89977 ? unclear Mechanistic
IODINE I-131 ? unclear Mechanistic
TERTOMOTIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
HTERT-LAMP MRNA-LOADED AUTOLOGOUS DENDRITIC CELL VACCINE GRNVAC1 ? unclear Mechanistic
ANTISENSE OLIGONUCLEOTIDES ? unclear Mechanistic
TELOMESTATIN ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1254091 ? unclear Mechanistic
RECOMBINANT BRAIN-DERIVED GROWTH FACTORS ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL89250 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL481161 ? unclear Mechanistic
RALOXIFENE HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL520095 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL457246 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL608862 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL2336666 ? unclear Mechanistic
ISOBONDUCELLIN ? unclear Mechanistic
DENDRITIC CELL VACCINE ? unclear Mechanistic
ERIBULIN ? unclear Mechanistic
EPITALON ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL144757 ? unclear Mechanistic
SURATADENOTUREV ? unclear Mechanistic
RECOMBINANT VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR ? unclear Mechanistic
BERBERINE ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL481160 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL314057 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 7300.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL86984 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 9500.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL262163 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 45200.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL405650 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 11100.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL313020 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 10600.0 nM (IC50)

Showing top 40 of 211 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
SELINEXOR ? unclear Mechanistic
AZACITIDINE ? unclear Mechanistic
RITUXIMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
QUIZARTINIB ? unclear Mechanistic
TALAZOPARIB ? unclear Mechanistic
HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
ELTANEXOR ? unclear Mechanistic
OLAPARIB ? unclear Mechanistic
DASATINIB ANHYDROUS ? unclear Mechanistic
VEMURAFENIB ? unclear Mechanistic
DOXORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
HYDROXYUREA ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL4457636 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 73000.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4872206 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1200.0 nM (IC50)
N-OXALYLGLYCINE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 19700.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4851104 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 9400.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4855677 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 54800.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4872110 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 11000.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4860506 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 10500.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4870693 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 3420.0 nM (Kd)
CHEMBL4859276 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 2050.0 nM (Kd)
DEFEROXAMINE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 46000.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL5193408 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 13000.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL5205660 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 2300.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL5199439 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 86600.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL5177215 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 23900.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL1230640 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 2270.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL316034 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 5128.61 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL3646117 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 18620.87 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL4475458 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 5495.41 nM (IC50)
VADADUSTAT ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 5011.87 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL1982368 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 3019.95 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL1398529 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1548.82 nM (IC50)
PANOBINOSTAT ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 3801.89 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL1615211 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 12882.5 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL1614745 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 15488.17 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL92309 ↑ activates Mechanistic 11481.54 nM (EC50)
CHEMBL5527999 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 250.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL5565375 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 250.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL5557372 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 23988.33 nM (IC50)

Showing top 40 of 68 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
PIRARUBICIN ? unclear Mechanistic
OXALIPLATIN ? unclear Mechanistic
SIREMADLIN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
CARBOPLATIN ? unclear Mechanistic
DAUNORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL260560 ? unclear Mechanistic
MELPHALAN ? unclear Mechanistic
LAPACHONE ? unclear Mechanistic
VITAMIN K3 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL260451 ? unclear Mechanistic
DINOSEB ? unclear Mechanistic
RIMCAZOLE ? unclear Mechanistic
TRACAZOLATE ? unclear Mechanistic
CAPIVASERTIB ? unclear Mechanistic
AZD7648 ? unclear Mechanistic
QUINALIZARIN ? unclear Mechanistic
INOSITOL ? unclear Mechanistic
ECONAZOLE NITRATE ? unclear Mechanistic
L-733,060 ? unclear Mechanistic
U50488 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL260028 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL601140 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL408563 ? unclear Mechanistic
ENALAPRIL MALEATE ? unclear Mechanistic
HOMIDIUM BROMIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
IOXYNIL ? unclear Mechanistic
ACALABRUTINIB ? unclear Mechanistic
INDOPROFEN ? unclear Mechanistic
MERCAPTOPURINE ? unclear Mechanistic
AUTOLOGOUS DENDRITIC CELLS TRANSDUCED WITH WILD-TYPE P53 ADENOVIRUS VACCINE ? unclear Mechanistic
ZIRAM ? unclear Mechanistic
IFOSFAMIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
DOCETAXEL ANHYDROUS ? unclear Mechanistic
SOTULETINIB ? unclear Mechanistic
SERTRALINE HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
PD166285 ? unclear Mechanistic
SAPANISERTIB ? unclear Mechanistic
ENZALUTAMIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
PYRITHIONE ZINC ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1169388 ? unclear Mechanistic

Showing top 40 of 652 agents ranked by evidence tier.


Clinical Trials

Drug, biologic and supplement trials (treatment or prevention) from ClinicalTrials.gov whose main condition is Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS): recruiting, active or completed, most recently updated first. Data retrieved 2026-10-28.

NCT07319845 Phase: 2 Started: 2026-04-22

The main aim of the study is to evaluate how TAK-226 improves symptoms of transfusion-dependent anemia in Japanese patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes. The study consists of Screening Period (up to 6 weeks), Treatment Period, Safety Follow-Up Period (8 weeks), and Long-Term Follow-Up ...

NCT06303193 Phase: 1/2 Started: 2026-11-02

Background: Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm (MDS/MPN) are blood disorders that can cause serious complications in children and adults. MDS and MDS/MPN can also progress to acute myeloid leukemia. Treatments for these disorders are risky and not always e...

NCT06499285 Phase: 3 Started: 2025-05-06

The main aim of this study is to find out how well elritercept works in lowering the need for RBC transfusions. Other aims are to learn how well elritercept works in reducing the need for RBC transfusions over longer periods of time or in adults with high transfusion needs. The study will also check...

NCT07885397 Phase: 1/2 Started: 2026-10-15

This study will evaluate the safety and preliminary effectiveness of sonrotoclax combined with azacitidine in adults aged 18-70 years with newly diagnosed myelodysplastic neoplasms with increased blasts-2 (MDS-IB2). Sonrotoclax blocks BCL-2, a protein that helps cancer cells survive. Combining sonro...

NCT07672769 Phase: 2 Started: 2026-10

This Phase IIb study (BEXERA) will evaluate the safety and efficacy of bexmarilimab (FP-1305), an antibody targeting Clever-1, given in combination with azacitidine compared with azacitidine plus placebo in adults with treatment-naïve higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (HR-MDS). Participants will...

NCT04797000 Phase: 2 Started: 2021-05-25

This study is designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of eltrombopag monotherapy in Japanese adult patients with platelet transfusion-dependent lower-risk Myelodysplastic syndromes (LR-MDS).

NCT04419649 Phase: 2 Started: 2020-08-19

The main aim of this study is to learn how safe elritercept is and how well adults with anemia associated with lower-risk MDS tolerate treatment with different doses of elritercept. Other aims are to learn how safe elritercept is by looking at how many participants have MDS that worsens during the s...

NCT06091267 Phase: 1/2 Started: 2023-10-16

This is an Open-Label, Crossover, Pharmacokinetic and Efficacy Bridging Study of Oral ASTX727 versus IV Decitabine in Chinese Subjects with Myelodysplastic Syndromes

NCT05986240 Phase: 1 Started: 2024-05-08

This is a Phase 1 study investigating the safety and efficacy of Danvatirsen as a monotherapy followed by combination with Venetoclax in patients with relapsed/refractory myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Funding Source: FDA OOPD

NCT07238686 Phase: 2 Started: 2025-06-20

This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a Venetoclax and hypomethylating agent-based regimen combined with infusion of HLA-mismatched donor G-CSF mobilized peripheral blood mononuclear cells (GPBMC) in patients with intermediate-risk and higher myelodysplastic syndromes who are inelig...

NCT04256317 Phase: 2/3 Started: 2020-05-21

Study ASTX030-01 is a multi-phase study comprising of Phases 1-3 Monotherapy arms, and Phase 1 and Phase 2 Combination Therapy arms. Phase 1 Monotherapy consists of an open-label Dose Escalation Stage (Stage A) using multiple cohorts at escalating dose levels of oral cedazuridine and azacitidine (on...

NCT05583552 Phase: 2 Started: 2023-06-05

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy, in terms of hematologic improvement, and safety of imetelstat in participants with high-risk (HR) myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that is relapsed/refractory to hypomethylating agents (HMAs) treatment. Responding p...

NCT05181735 Phase: 1/2 Started: 2022-05-18

Study of the combination of luspatercept in low-risk myelodysplastic syndrom (LR-MDS) without ring sideroblasts (RS) having failed or being ineligible to ESA

NCT03564873 Phase: 1/2 Started: 2018-09-17

This study will treat patients with previously untreated high grade myleodysplastic syndromes (MDS) with both omacetaxine mepesuccinate and azacitidine.

NCT05490446 Phase: 2 Started: 2022-11-07

This purpose of this study is to establish proof of concept of tebapivat in participants with LR-MDS in Phase 2a and to evaluate the effect of tebapivat on transfusion independence (TI) in participants with LR-MDS in phase 2b.


Agents Found By Disease-Level Search

Searched directly from “Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)” via ClinicalTrials.gov interventions and Open Targets' disease→drug data — independent of the 12-gene target panel above. This surfaces agents whose mechanism doesn't route through a curated gene (combination therapies, standard-of-care drugs, targets outside the panel).

48 agents shown (approved or with trial evidence) — 33 not found by the gene-target search above.

cyclosporineNOT in gene-target list

Phase 3 · 10 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT00357565 NCT00003116 NCT00005854

cyclophosphamideNOT in gene-target list

Phase 3 · 8 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT00003116 NCT00005854 NCT00322101

busulfanNOT in gene-target list

Phase 3 · 7 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT00357565 NCT00003116 NCT00003335

fludarabine phosphateNOT in gene-target list

Phase 3 · 6 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT00357565 NCT00856388 NCT00112593

melphalan

Phase 3 · 6 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT00357565 NCT00856388 NCT00003335

mycophenolate mofetilNOT in gene-target list

Phase 3 · 6 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT00357565 NCT00112593 NCT02593123

Azacitidine

Approved · 6 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT02995655 NCT02038777 NCT03814005

Cytarabine

Phase 3 · 6 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT02038777 NCT05554406 NCT02521493

FLUDARABINENOT in gene-target list

Phase 3 · 5 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT04473911 NCT05534620 NCT04872595

decitabine

Approved · 5 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT00619099 NCT00619099 NCT00479232

PF-04449913NOT in gene-target list

· 5 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02038777 NCT02038777 NCT02038777

methotrexate

Phase 3 · 5 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT00005854 NCT00322101 NCT00521430

filgrastimNOT in gene-target list

Approved · 4 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT00357565 NCT00003116 NCT00002832

anti-thymocyte globulinNOT in gene-target list

· 4 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00856388 NCT00003335 NCT00521430

talmapimod (SCIO-469)NOT in gene-target list

· 4 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00113893 NCT00113893 NCT00113893

Venetoclax

Phase 3 · 4 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT05554406 NCT04628026 NCT04988555

Liposome-encapsulated Daunorubicin-CytarabineNOT in gene-target list

· 3 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04493164 NCT04802161 NCT05554406

TacrolimusNOT in gene-target list

Phase 3 · 3 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT01471444 NCT01491958 NCT00322101

Peripheral blood drawNOT in gene-target list

· 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02995655 NCT04263181

Pembrolizumab

Phase 2 · 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT01953692 NCT02936752

Ruxolitinib

Phase 2 · 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT07238712 NCT04279847

PevonedistatNOT in gene-target list

Phase 3 · 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT03814005 NCT03862157

Thiotepa

Phase 3 · 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT04872595 NCT01746849

Lenalidomide

Approved · 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT02279654 NCT00502112

Bone Marrow AspirationNOT in gene-target list

· 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05554406 NCT03953898

Daunorubicin Hydrochloride

Phase 3 · 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT05554406 NCT02521493

MY008211A tabletsNOT in gene-target list

· 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06933914 NCT06050226

tosedostatNOT in gene-target list

Phase 2 · 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT01567059 NCT02452346

methylprednisolone

Phase 2/3 · 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT00003335 NCT00521430

EntinostatNOT in gene-target list

Phase 2 · 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT02936752 NCT00015925

Lenalidomide and melphalanNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00744536

Ivosidenib

Phase 3 · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT04493164

CX-01NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02995655

becatecarinNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00087204

GTB-360NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06594445

Lenalidomide 20 mgNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01953692

Lenalidomide 25 mgNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01953692

TBINOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04473911

Sirolimus

Phase 3 · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT04473911

RGI-2001NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04473911

bezuclastinibNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04996875

Low dose ARA-C (LDAC)NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02038777

DaunorubicinNOT in gene-target list

Phase 3 · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT02038777

LDACNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02038777

VEN (Venetoclax)NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07047183

TreosulfanNOT in gene-target list

Phase 3 · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT05534620

Bortezomib

Phase 2 · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT00789256

Melphalan and bortezomibNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00789256

Generated by the Open Source Medicine Foundation Biomarker Pipeline — 2026-10-08. Data sources: DGIdb, Open Targets, ChEMBL, PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov. Not medical advice.