Remission & chronicity

Spontaneous remission

MASH (formerly NASH) with fibrosis progresses to cirrhosis in ~20% over 10 years on standard care (which until 2024 was lifestyle modification only); fibrosis regression occurs spontaneously in ~25% over 5 years with sustained weight loss

Best-intervention remission

Resmetirom (Rezdiffra) — first FDA-approved pharmacotherapy for MASH (March 2024): 26-30% histological resolution at 52 weeks vs 10% placebo; bariatric surgery achieves MASH resolution in 85% and fibrosis regression in 35% at 5 years; >7-10% weight loss resolves MASH in ~50%

Gap size

Large — first drug only just approved in 2024 after decades of failed trials; practice still dominated by lifestyle advice alone

Primary barrier

biological (historical) + access (current)

Until March 2024, there was literally no approved pharmacotherapy for MASH despite it being a leading cause of cirrhosis and liver transplant; the field repeatedly failed Phase 3 (obeticholic acid, elafibranor, selonsertib, cenicriviroc — all negative); resmetirom is a genuine breakthrough but access and prescribing uptake are still ramping up

Biomarker Targets & Therapeutic Agents

Gene targets queried against DGIdb, Open Targets, ChEMBL, PubMed, and Europe PMC. Agents ranked: ● Clinical > ● Mechanistic > ● Correlative.

FGF21 1 GLP1R 294 IRS1 16 NR1H4 218 PNPLA3 12 PPARA 202 PPARD 292 PPARG 231 SREBF1 30 TGFB1 62 THRB 253 TNF 277

FGF21

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Potency	Source
PEGBELFERMIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb

GLP1R

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Potency	Source
CHEMBL:CHEMBL607309	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL585444	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1327172	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1224483	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CGP13501	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL580340	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
EFPEGLENATIDE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
LIRAGLUTIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
DULOXETINE HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL597251	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ANGUSTIBALIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
DULAGLUTIDE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
EXENATIDE	↑ activates	Mechanistic	0.66 nM (IC50)	DGIdb
MOFEBUTAZONE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL532412	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
NORTRIPTYLINE HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL533602	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PEGSEBRENATIDE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
OLANZAPINE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL317115	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1549738	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CYCLOASPEPTIDE A	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SCOULERINE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
KEPONE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PEGAPAMODUTIDE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL603154	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ETOPOSIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL405914	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1308346	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
FIDUXOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CLOZAPINE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL578515	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1439833	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL601351	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL580727	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
AMORFRUTIN A	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PROPIONYLPROMAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL588038	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1420370	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL580207	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 294 agents ranked by evidence tier.

IRS1

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Potency	Source
AGANIRSEN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE ANHYDROUS	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
FLUOROURACIL	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
DEHYDRATED ALCOHOL	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PRASTERONE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
EPIRUBICIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
INOSITOL	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
GLIMEPIRIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL1685056	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	50.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL1685055	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	150.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL1681823	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	50.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4536878	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	120.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4591779	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	16200.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4530453	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	1600.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL1572640	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	3300.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4576057	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	16400.0 nM (Kd)	ChEMBL

NR1H4

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Potency	Source
CHENODEOXYCHOLIC ACID	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
MELPHALAN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SAQUINAVIR MESYLATE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL269105	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TO-901317	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
METHYLENE BLUE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
GANODERIC ACID TR	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
GANODERMANONTRIOL	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
7-O-METHYLCRYPTOCHINONE A	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
OBETICHOLIC ACID	↑ activates	Mechanistic	99.0 nM (EC50)	DGIdb
FLUOXASTROBIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TUBERATOLIDE A	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TRIBUTYLCHLOROSTANNANE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
HOMIDIUM BROMIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TUBERATOLIDE B	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
(R)-SARGACHROMENOL	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
IMIPRAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
KETOCONAZOLE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TROPIFEXOR	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
DIFENOCONAZOLE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
THEONELLASTEROL E	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CILOFEXOR	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ERGOSTEROL PEROXIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ZEARALENONE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
THEONELLASTEROL G	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL476302	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CONICASTEROL D	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
THEONELLASTEROL F	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
HYDRAMETHYLNON	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
THEONELLASTEROL B	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL297304	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
APOMINE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
LITHOCHOLIC ACID	? unclear	Mechanistic	20000.0 nM (EC50)	DGIdb
CRYPTOCHINONE A	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PX-102	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
NIMODIPINE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SUVANINE'S SODIUM SALT	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
2'-EPI-TUBERATOLIDE B	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL184450	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
THIMEROSAL	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 218 agents ranked by evidence tier.

PNPLA3

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Source
PREDNISOLONE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
DOXORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
DEHYDRATED ALCOHOL	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CYTARABINE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
THIOGUANINE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
ASPARAGINASE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
PEGASPARGASE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
METHOTREXATE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
MERCAPTOPURINE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
VINCRISTINE	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE ANHYDROUS	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb
DAUNORUBICIN LIPOSOMAL	? unclear	Mechanistic	DGIdb

PPARA

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Potency	Source
INDEGLITAZAR	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
FENOFIBRIC ACID	↑ activates	Mechanistic	30000.0 nM (EC50)	DGIdb
LINOLEIC ACID	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
IMIGLITAZAR	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
LANIFIBRANOR	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ZYH7	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
OLEIC ACID	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SODELGLITAZAR	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ELAFIBRANOR	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PROSTAGLANDIN D2	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TETRADECYLTHIOACETIC ACID	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PIRINIXIC ACID	? unclear	Mechanistic	5000.0 nM (EC50)	DGIdb
PHENPROCOUMON	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
METOPROLOL	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CIPROFIBRATE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
LY-518674	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
MYRISTIC ACID	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
NAVEGLITAZAR	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
GFT14	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL292352	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ROMAZARIT	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
DRF-10945	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
GW590735	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL259327	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
METFORMIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PEMAFIBRATE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
{4-[3-(4-ACETYL-3-HYDROXY-2-PROPYLPHENOXY)PROPOXY]PHENOXY}ACETIC ACID	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ATENOLOL	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
GW7647	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
RAGAGLITAZAR	? unclear	Mechanistic	3210.0 nM (EC50)	DGIdb
OXEGLITAZAR	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
URSOLIC ACID	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BITHIONOL	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ALEGLITAZAR	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CARVEDILOL	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
LACTOFEN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
GW0742X	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
LOBEGLITAZONE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PHENFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1089501	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 202 agents ranked by evidence tier.

PPARD

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Potency	Source
CHLORPROMAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ALL-TRANS-RETINAL	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BIFENAZATE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BITHIONOL	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
DINOSEB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
VITAMIN K3	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
DIFENOCONAZOLE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
RALOXIFENE HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ENCLOMIPHENE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1606	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
OCTYL_GALLATE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PROMETHAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ATORVASTATIN CALCIUM TRIHYDRATE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ORYZALIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ELAFIBRANOR	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
E319	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BEZAFIBRATE	↑ activates	Mechanistic	20000.0 nM (EC50)	DGIdb
IDAZOXAN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BAZEDOXIFENE ACETATE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SERATRODAST	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
FLUOXETINE HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
VITAMIN K3H2	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHIGLITAZAR	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL172988	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BISPHENOL A	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CLOXYQUIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1257022	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BIFONAZOLE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
IPCONAZOLE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
HEXACHLOROPHENE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
HYCANTHONE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ASTEMIZOLE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL292352	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ALPHA-TERTHIENYL	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SALINAZID	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TRICLOCARBAN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
FENTICLOR	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
HYMECROMONE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CINACALCET HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
GW501516	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 292 agents ranked by evidence tier.

PPARG

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Potency	Source
METHOXYCHLOR	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL2208197	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PROPYLPYRAZOLETRIOL	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
LANIFIBRANOR	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PROPYLPARABEN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ABIETIC ACID	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
KEPONE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SPIRONOLACTONE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
FLUOXASTROBIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ROSIGLITAZONE MALEATE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL2178583	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
NAVEGLITAZAR	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CELECOXIB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SHINPTEROCARPIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PSAMMAPLIN A	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TECNAZENE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
MYCOPHENOLATE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1833984	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
IMIGLITAZAR	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ROSIGLITAZONE	? unclear	Mechanistic	250.0 nM (IC50)	DGIdb
CLX-0921	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
AVE0847	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHLORFENAPYR	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PIOGLITAZONE HYDROCHLORIDE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PROCHLORAZ	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
MESALAMINE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BEZAFIBRATE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL312032	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ISOSILYBIN A	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
AMORFRUTIN A	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
NALED	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TROGLITAZONE	↑ activates	Mechanistic	302.0 nM (Ki)	DGIdb
PROSTAGLANDIN D2	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
INT131	~ modulates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
EFATUTAZONE HYDROCHLORIDE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
FLUORODIFEN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
FLUDIOXONIL	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ESTRADIOL VALERATE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL166112	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BENSULIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 231 agents ranked by evidence tier.

SREBF1

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Potency	Source
RECOMBINANT NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
INSULIN, REGULAR, HUMAN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CALCIFEDIOL ANHYDROUS	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	1176.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4876668	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	1160.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4851466	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	722.7 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL4851396	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	1600.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL1824673	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	700.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL1824658	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic	5000.0 nM (IC50)	ChEMBL
T091317	↑ activates	Mechanistic	20.0 nM (EC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL5597106	↑ activates	Mechanistic	31000.0 nM (EC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL5596392	↑ activates	Mechanistic	20000.0 nM (EC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL5597291	↑ activates	Mechanistic	1500.0 nM (EC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL5590383	↑ activates	Mechanistic	4300.0 nM (EC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL5596520	↑ activates	Mechanistic	38000.0 nM (EC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL5597394	↑ activates	Mechanistic	1300.0 nM (EC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL5598279	↑ activates	Mechanistic	2800.0 nM (EC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL5597319	↑ activates	Mechanistic	3000.0 nM (EC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL5596811	↑ activates	Mechanistic	2900.0 nM (EC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL5597943	↑ activates	Mechanistic	6900.0 nM (EC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL5596386	↑ activates	Mechanistic	570.0 nM (EC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL5596592	↑ activates	Mechanistic	12000.0 nM (EC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL5596248	↑ activates	Mechanistic	190.0 nM (EC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL5596939	↑ activates	Mechanistic	1800.0 nM (EC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL5598331	↑ activates	Mechanistic	1300.0 nM (EC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL5596815	↑ activates	Mechanistic	310.0 nM (EC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL5597153	↑ activates	Mechanistic	240.0 nM (EC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL5597982	↑ activates	Mechanistic	130.0 nM (EC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL5598250	↑ activates	Mechanistic	770.0 nM (EC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL5590706	↑ activates	Mechanistic	190.0 nM (EC50)	ChEMBL
CHEMBL5596907	↑ activates	Mechanistic	8600.0 nM (EC50)	ChEMBL

TGFB1

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Potency	Source
INTERFERON ALFA-2B	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PIOGLITAZONE HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SILYMARIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
RITUXIMAB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
VERAPAMIL	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PROTEASOME INHIBITOR	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
FRESOLIMUMAB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ATENOLOL	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BINTRAFUSP ALFA	~ modulates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
NISEVOKITUG	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
LUSPATERCEPT	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TRETINOIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
HYDROCORTISONE BUTYRATE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
VITAMIN E	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
IRINOTECAN HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
INOSITOL	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
NICOTINE POLACRILEX	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
FENRETINIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
MELATONIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ISOTRETINOIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
VACTOSERTIB	? unclear	Mechanistic	12.9 nM (IC50)	DGIdb
TRIAMCINOLONE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TAMOXIFEN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ADRIAMYCIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
HEPARAN SULFATE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
GOSSYPOL	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TCDD	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
AMIFOSTINE ANHYDROUS	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
RAMIPRIL	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ANTIOXIDANT	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SOTATERCEPT	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ASPIRIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
GALUNISERTIB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
KEYHOLE LIMPET HEMOCYANIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PIRFENIDONE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
H2O2	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
THERAPEUTIC ANDROGEN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SANDOSTATIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BROXURIDINE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
DISITERTIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 62 agents ranked by evidence tier.

THRB

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Potency	Source
METHYL PARATHIONE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
DIENOCHLOR	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
AXITIROME	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
3-METHYLCHOLANTHRENE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL577415	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
DYCLONINE HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
LEVOTHYROXINE	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ORTHO-PHTHALALDEHYDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
QUINALIZARIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL297304	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1493528	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
RESMETIROM	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CLOSANTEL	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
IDARUBICIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
FUMARPROTOCETRARIC ACID	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
DIPYRIDAMOLE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1341830	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CARUBICIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ALBUTEROL SULFATE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PRIMAQUINE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
DEXTROTHYROXINE SODIUM	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SOBETIROME	↑ activates	Mechanistic	0.1 nM (Kd)	DGIdb
METHYLENE BLUE ANHYDROUS	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
HEXACHLOROPHENE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1465049	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
COMPOUND 16G [PMID: 35507418]	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHLOROTHALONIL	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SLAZINIC ACID	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TRIAMTERENE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL601952	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL578741	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CIRAZOLINE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL581044	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
DAUNORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
RT3	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL592124	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
VK-2809	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CHEMBL:CHEMBL602969	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
EPROTIROME	↑ activates	Mechanistic		DGIdb
TOLONIUM CHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 253 agents ranked by evidence tier.

TNF

UniProt Ensembl DGIdb Open Targets

Therapeutic Agent	Effect Direction	Evidence Tier	Potency	Source
NERELIMOMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CROMOLYN SODIUM	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PLACULUMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
METHYLENE BLUE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ALTEPLASE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CARBOPLATIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
GENTAMICIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
GOLIMUMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
BUPIVACAINE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PENTOXIFYLLINE	? unclear	Mechanistic	85000.0 nM (IC50)	DGIdb
BENZO[E]PYRENE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
THALIDOMIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PYRAZINAMIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
GLIMEPIRIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
OMEPRAZOLE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
LENERCEPT	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ADALIMUMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PRAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
REMTOLUMAB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
MIDOSTAURIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
LENABASUM	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
MAGNESIUM SULFATE ANHYDROUS	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PICIBANIL	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
FLUOCINOLONE ACETONIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
MILTEFOSINE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
HOMIDIUM BROMIDE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
OZORALIZUMAB	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
PEGSUNERCEPT	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CERTOLIZUMAB PEGOL	↓ inhibits	Mechanistic		DGIdb
THERAPEUTIC HORMONE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
NAFAMOSTAT	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
FOLIC ACID	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
ABBV-257	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
RISPERIDONE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
COVA322	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
CERTOLIZUMAB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
AN0128	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
5,7-DIHYDROXY-4-METHYLCOUMARIN	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb
SORAFENIB	? unclear	Mechanistic		DGIdb

Showing top 40 of 277 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Clinical Trials

Recruiting and recently completed trials from ClinicalTrials.gov. Data retrieved 2026-07-06.

No recent clinical trials found on ClinicalTrials.gov for this condition.

Agents Found By Disease-Level Search

Searched directly from “NAFLD / MASH (Metabolic-Associated Steatohepatitis)” via ClinicalTrials.gov interventions and Open Targets' disease→drug data — independent of the 12-gene target panel above. This surfaces agents whose mechanism doesn't route through a curated gene (combination therapies, standard-of-care drugs, targets outside the panel).

34 agents shown (approved or with trial evidence) — 32 not found by the gene-target search above.

Efimosfermin alfaNOT in gene-target list

· 3 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07221227 NCT07221227 NCT07221188

ALN-PNPNOT in gene-target list

· 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05648214 NCT07527910

EfruxiferminNOT in gene-target list

· 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06161571 NCT06528314

MiricorilantNOT in gene-target list

· 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07553663 NCT06947304

PegozaferminNOT in gene-target list

· 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06419374 NCT06318169

ECC4703NOT in gene-target list

· 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07288138 NCT07288138

Placebo (PB)NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05648214

TVB-2640NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04906421

Goserelin Acetate 3.6 mg inj, implantNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06523530

ESG + lifestyle modificationNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06138821

Lifestyle modificationNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06138821

ALG-055009NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06342947

Thermoacoustic Enhanced UltrasoundNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07321925

Liver ultrasoundNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06661655

Miricorilant (Cohort A)NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06108219

Placebo (Cohort A)NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06108219

Miricorilant (Cohort B)NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06108219

Placebo (Cohort B)NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06108219

ALN-HSDNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05519475

Metabolic surgeryNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06374875