Biomarker & Intervention Discovery

Heart Failure

This page lists 9 druggable gene targets, 48 approved or trial-tested drug candidates and 15 recent clinical trials for Heart Failure, with each agent ranked by the strength of its evidence (clinical, mechanistic or correlative). Candidates include existing drugs that could be repurposed. Sources are linked so you can check every claim.

US DALYs820.8KWHO GHE 2021 · all ages
Global DALYs13.25MWHO GHE 2021 · worldwide
US mortality29.6K deaths/yrWHO GHE 2021
Global mortality424.7K deaths/yrWHO GHE 2021 · worldwide
NIH funding$1.78BFY2025 · RCDC estimate
Funding levelWell-Funded
Spontaneous remissionAnnual mortality ~22% on standard care; only 5-11% of HFrEF patients achieve normalisation of ejection fraction…
Best-intervention remissionGDMT (ARNI + beta-blocker + MRA + SGLT2i) reduces CV mortality by 38% and hospitalization by 25% vs historical…
Gap sizeLarge — quadruple GDMT dramatically underused; <25% of eligible HFrEF patients receive all four pillars
Primary barrierpractice/access
Full remission profile →

Remission & chronicity

Spontaneous remission
Annual mortality ~22% on standard care; only 5-11% of HFrEF patients achieve normalisation of ejection fraction (HFrecEF) with GDMT; HFpEF has no disease-modifying therapy
Best-intervention remission
GDMT (ARNI + beta-blocker + MRA + SGLT2i) reduces CV mortality by 38% and hospitalization by 25% vs historical standard; reverse cardiac remodelling (EF improvement >10%) in 40-50% of HFrEF with full quadruple therapy; cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) improves EF in 70% of LBBB patients
Gap size
Large — quadruple GDMT dramatically underused; <25% of eligible HFrEF patients receive all four pillars
Primary barrier
practice/access
Full quadruple therapy guideline-endorsed since 2021 but implementation is poor; SGLT2i in HF still widely under-prescribed despite Class 1A recommendation; ARNI (sacubitril/valsartan) uptake slow due to cost

Biomarker Targets & Therapeutic Agents

Gene targets queried against DGIdb, Open Targets, ChEMBL, PubMed, and Europe PMC. Agents ranked: Clinical > Mechanistic > Correlative.

ACE 229ADRB1 288ADRB2 335AGTR1 249MME 184MYH7 3NPR1 104NR3C2 213SLC5A2 190
Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
SALVIANOLIC ACID B ? unclear Mechanistic
CANDOXATRIL ? unclear Mechanistic
CILAZAPRIL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
TP0556351 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
PRAVASTATIN SODIUM ? unclear Mechanistic
SILDENAFIL ? unclear Mechanistic
GEMFIBROZIL ? unclear Mechanistic
RESCINNAMINE ? unclear Mechanistic
SPIRAPRIL ? unclear Mechanistic
INDOMETHACIN ? unclear Mechanistic
HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
ARGIPRESSIN ? unclear Mechanistic
METOPROLOL ? unclear Mechanistic
DELAPRIL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
ACETYLCHOLINE ? unclear Mechanistic
THERAPEUTIC GLUCOCORTICOID ? unclear Mechanistic
IMIDAPRIL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
MALATHION ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
MOEXIPRIL ? unclear Mechanistic 56.0 nM (IC50)
VORINOSTAT ? unclear Mechanistic
ILEPATRIL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
RXP470.1 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
CGS-27023A ? unclear Mechanistic
NITROPRUSSIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
ENALAPRILAT ANHYDROUS ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1.2 nM (IC50)
TORSEMIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
ATORVASTATIN CALCIUM TRIHYDRATE ? unclear Mechanistic
FOSINOPRIL ? unclear Mechanistic
FUROSEMIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
TEMOCAPRIL HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
BENAZEPRIL HYDROCHLORIDE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
CARBARIL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
BUPROPION HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
QUINAPRIL ? unclear Mechanistic 8.3 nM (IC50)
COMPOUND 1 [PMID: 24900526] ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
COMPOUND 20 [PMID: 22153340] ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
BUMETANIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
GALLOPAMIL ? unclear Mechanistic
FLUOXETINE HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
AZD6605 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic

Showing top 40 of 229 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
BRETYLIUM ? unclear Mechanistic
PINDOLOL ↑ activates Mechanistic
BISOPROLOL ? unclear Mechanistic
FLECAINIDE ACETATE ? unclear Mechanistic
METIPRANOLOL ? unclear Mechanistic
METOPROLOL ? unclear Mechanistic
ATENOLOL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
BUCINDOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
METIPRANOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
ALPRENOLOL ? unclear Mechanistic 4.88 nM (IC50)
PRACTOLOL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
XAMOTEROL ↑ activates Mechanistic
PENBUTOLOL ? unclear Mechanistic
DOBUTAMINE ? unclear Mechanistic
BETHANIDINE ? unclear Mechanistic
BETAXOLOL ? unclear Mechanistic 37.1 nM (IC50)
MURAGLITAZAR ? unclear Mechanistic
ACEBUTOLOL ? unclear Mechanistic
LABETALOL HYDROCHLORIDE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
ACEBUTOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
NOREPINEPHRINE ? unclear Mechanistic
OT-730 ? unclear Mechanistic
CARVEDILOL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
NADOLOL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
LEVOBUNOLOL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
LABETALOL ? unclear Mechanistic
TERTATOLOL ? unclear Mechanistic
ARBUTAMINE ? unclear Mechanistic
PROPRANOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
ZIPRASIDONE ? unclear Mechanistic
BUPRANOLOL ? unclear Mechanistic
LANDIOLOL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
OXPRENOLOL ? unclear Mechanistic
MEPINDOLOL ? unclear Mechanistic
CELIPROLOL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
BISOPROLOL FUMARATE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
DESIPRAMINE ? unclear Mechanistic
DOPAMINE ↑ activates Mechanistic
ISOPROTERENOL ↑ activates Mechanistic
DOBUTAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE ↑ activates Mechanistic

Showing top 40 of 288 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
CARVEDILOL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1257092 ? unclear Mechanistic
SODIUM CHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
PENBUTOLOL SULFATE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
DESIPRAMINE ? unclear Mechanistic
METIPRANOLOL ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL531322 ? unclear Mechanistic
NADOLOL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
PIRBUTEROL ? unclear Mechanistic
FENOTEROL ↑ activates Mechanistic
TIMOLOL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
ABEDITEROL ↑ activates Mechanistic
PINDOLOL ↑ activates Mechanistic
BRONCHODILATOR ? unclear Mechanistic
TULOBUTEROL ↑ activates Mechanistic
PHENYLEPHRINE HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
GSK159802 ↑ activates Mechanistic
PRILOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
CLENBUTEROL ↑ activates Mechanistic
PROPRANOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
INDACATEROL MALEATE ↑ activates Mechanistic
VILANTEROL ? unclear Mechanistic
TERTATOLOL ? unclear Mechanistic
ARFORMOTEROL ↑ activates Mechanistic
INDACATEROL ? unclear Mechanistic
FORMOTEROL FUMARATE ↑ activates Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL111201 ? unclear Mechanistic
RITODRINE ? unclear Mechanistic
RISPERIDONE ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL599896 ? unclear Mechanistic
VILANTEROL TRIFENATATE ↑ activates Mechanistic
RITODRINE HYDROCHLORIDE ↑ activates Mechanistic
DISULFIRAM ? unclear Mechanistic
BUCINDOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
LEVALBUTEROL TARTRATE ↑ activates Mechanistic
LAS190792 ↑ activates Mechanistic
ALPRENOLOL ? unclear Mechanistic
CELIPROLOL ↑ activates Mechanistic
ALBUTEROL SULFATE ↑ activates Mechanistic
CARTEOLOL ? unclear Mechanistic

Showing top 40 of 335 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
CANDESARTAN CILEXETIL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL586135 ? unclear Mechanistic
VALSARTAN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 4700.0 nM (Ki)
EPROSARTAN MESYLATE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
FIMASARTAN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
ASCORBIC ACID ? unclear Mechanistic
OLMESARTAN MEDOXOMIL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
AZILSARTAN MEDOXOMIL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
THERAPEUTIC ANDROSTANOLONE ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL347610 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL421088 ? unclear Mechanistic
LOSARTAN POTASSIUM ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 5.5 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1492017 ? unclear Mechanistic
SPARSENTAN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
SODIUM CHLORIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL261693 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1972216 ? unclear Mechanistic
EPROSARTAN ? unclear Mechanistic 7.3 nM (IC50)
C-FOS ANTISENSE ? unclear Mechanistic
SARALASIN ACETATE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
IRBESARTAN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1.1 nM (Ki)
DISULFIRAM ? unclear Mechanistic
SAPRISARTAN ? unclear Mechanistic
H2O2 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL591834 ? unclear Mechanistic
CAPTOPRIL ? unclear Mechanistic
ANGIOTENSIN II ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL400912 ? unclear Mechanistic
ATORVASTATIN CALCIUM TRIHYDRATE ? unclear Mechanistic
IDOXIFENE ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL528694 ? unclear Mechanistic
IL-6 ? unclear Mechanistic
ANGIOTENSIN II ACETATE ↑ activates Mechanistic
LEVODOPA ? unclear Mechanistic
GAMMA-INTERFERON ? unclear Mechanistic
AZILSARTAN KAMEDOXOMIL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL:CHEMBL1445650 ? unclear Mechanistic
MUSCLE RELAXANT ? unclear Mechanistic
CL-329167 ? unclear Mechanistic

Showing top 40 of 249 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
SLV-334 ? unclear Mechanistic
RACECADOTRIL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
PL37 ? unclear Mechanistic
SACUBITRIL/VALSARTAN ? unclear Mechanistic
CANDOXATRIL ? unclear Mechanistic
PEPINEMAB ? unclear Mechanistic
ILEPATRIL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
GALLOPAMIL ? unclear Mechanistic
DAGLUTRIL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
SACUBITRIL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
SAMPATRILAT ? unclear Mechanistic
CGS-314447 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 6.9 nM (IC50)
(R)-THIORPHAN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1.7 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL418704 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 17.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL10251 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 4.8 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL9963 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 8.8 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL276690 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 0.7 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL273489 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 2.5 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL268473 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 0.6 nM (IC50)
THIORPHAN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 4.7 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL81232 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 4.9 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL312460 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 408.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL268761 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1.46 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL81710 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 162.0 nM (Ki)
(S)-THIORPHAN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 2.2 nM (Ki)
PHOSPHORAMIDON ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 30.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL290698 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 0.9 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL276872 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 0.74 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL39812 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 26000.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL37052 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 250.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL273748 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1.3 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL273898 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 3.5 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL290256 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 8600.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL289150 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 6700.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL147847 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 5800.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL448098 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 11000.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL37861 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 55000.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL290332 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 640.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL290868 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 6200.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL276008 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 3.5 nM (IC50)

Showing top 40 of 184 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
MAVACAMTEN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
OMECAMTIV MECARBIL ↑ activates Mechanistic
DANICAMTIV ↑ activates Mechanistic
Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
CARPERITIDE ↑ activates Mechanistic 0.1 nM (EC50)
NITROPRUSSIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
NESIRITIDE ↑ activates Mechanistic
ERYTHRITYL TETRANITRATE ? unclear Mechanistic
ATRIAL NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
PL-3994 ↑ activates Mechanistic
NITRIC OXIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
CENDERITIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE ? unclear Mechanistic
ATACIGUAT ? unclear Mechanistic
NITROGLYCERIN ? unclear Mechanistic
ULARITIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
ISOSORBIDE MONONITRATE ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL402664 ↑ activates Mechanistic 215.24 nM (EC50)
CHEMBL405572 ↑ activates Mechanistic 4.94 nM (EC50)
MiniANP ↑ activates Mechanistic 0.68 nM (EC50)
CHEMBL384862 ↑ activates Mechanistic 8.28 nM (EC50)
CHEMBL409400 ↑ activates Mechanistic 46.74 nM (EC50)
CHEMBL439465 ↑ activates Mechanistic 30.11 nM (EC50)
CHEMBL414517 ↑ activates Mechanistic 65.85 nM (EC50)
CHEMBL385216 ↑ activates Mechanistic 176.99 nM (EC50)
CHEMBL413653 ↑ activates Mechanistic 107.95 nM (EC50)
CHEMBL408343 ↑ activates Mechanistic 198.41 nM (EC50)
CHEMBL294263 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 0.3 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL405854 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 0.65 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL415133 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 87.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL412793 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 360.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL294262 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 680.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL434023 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 2600.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL61413 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 2900.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL59028 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 62.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL304191 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 65.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL264744 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 0.49 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL435181 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 539.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL61383 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 0.4 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL411542 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 0.1 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL507122 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 36.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL1643388 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 6.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL1643389 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 60.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL1643390 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 240.0 nM (IC50)

Showing top 40 of 104 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
SPIRONOLACTONE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 2.323 nM (Ki)
EPLERENONE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
CORTICOSTERONE ↑ activates Mechanistic
DROSPIRENONE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
BENZODROCORTISONE ↑ activates Mechanistic
NIMODIPINE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
FLUDROCORTISONE ACETATE ↑ activates Mechanistic
VAMOROLONE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
BUDESONIDE ↑ activates Mechanistic
DESOXYCORTICOSTERONE ↑ activates Mechanistic
DESOXYCORTICOSTERONE ACETATE ↑ activates Mechanistic
LY-2623091 ? unclear Mechanistic
ESAXERENONE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
APARARENONE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
AZD-9977 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
FLUDROCORTISONE ↑ activates Mechanistic
CANRENONE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
HYDROCORTISONE BUTYRATE ↑ activates Mechanistic
CANRENOATE POTASSIUM ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
FELODIPINE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
AZD9567 ↑ activates Mechanistic
BALCINRENONE ~ modulates Mechanistic
DEXAMETHASONE ↑ activates Mechanistic 33.0 nM (IC50)
RU28318 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
XL550 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
ONAPRISTONE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 470.0 nM (IC50)
FLUTICASONE ↑ activates Mechanistic
ZK112993 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
PROGESTERONE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 14.0 nM (IC50)
ALDOSTERONE ↑ activates Mechanistic
PF-03882845 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
DESOXYCORTICOSTERONE PIVALATE ↑ activates Mechanistic
FINERENONE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
LY2623091 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
PREDNISOLONE ↑ activates Mechanistic 37.0 nM (Ki)
OCEDURENONE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
MT-3995 ? unclear Mechanistic
CHEMBL134277 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1900.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL415524 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 334.0 nM (IC50)
MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1197.0 nM (IC50)

Showing top 40 of 213 agents ranked by evidence tier.

Therapeutic Agent Effect Direction Evidence Tier Potency Source
TOFOGLIFLOZIN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
SERGLIFLOZIN ETABONATE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
IPRAGLIFLOZIN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
LICOGLIFLOZIN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
HENAGLIFLOZIN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
YM-543 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
GLUFOSFAMIDE ? unclear Mechanistic
DAPAGLIFLOZIN PROPANEDIOL ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
IPRAGLIFLOZIN L-PROLINE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
REMOGLIFLOZIN ETABONATE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
ERTUGLIFLOZIN PIDOLATE ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
EMPAGLIFLOZIN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
ERTUGLIFLOZIN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
SOTAGLIFLOZIN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
CANAGLIFLOZIN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
BEXAGLIFLOZIN ↓ inhibits Mechanistic
TOFOGLIFLOZIN ANHYDROUS ? unclear Mechanistic
DAPAGLIFLOZIN ? unclear Mechanistic 1.1 nM (EC50)
CHEMBL183937 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 4.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL187805 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 10.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL187163 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 9.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL187749 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 10.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL184530 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 230.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL184027 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 70.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL188013 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 40.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL361672 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 520.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL187056 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 290.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL360824 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 1280.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL184364 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 10.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL359962 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 10.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL184183 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 30.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL183790 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 150.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL365222 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 20.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL187686 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 110.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL186823 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 30.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL187060 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 20.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL362365 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 80.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL183689 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 70.0 nM (Ki)
CHEMBL371448 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 491.0 nM (IC50)
CHEMBL382302 ↓ inhibits Mechanistic 458.0 nM (IC50)

Showing top 40 of 190 agents ranked by evidence tier.


Clinical Trials

Drug, biologic and supplement trials (treatment or prevention) from ClinicalTrials.gov whose main condition is Heart Failure: recruiting, active or completed, most recently updated first. Data retrieved 2026-10-28.

NCT06424288 Phase: 3 Started: 2024-06-17

This study is open to adults aged 18 or above legal age with heart failure. People can join the study if they have heart failure symptoms and a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 40% or more. The purpose of this study is to find out whether vicadrostat (BI 690517) in combination with empag...

NCT06249932 Phase: 4 Started: 2024-03-13

In patients with ESRD, up to 20% of patients suffer from HFrEF, leading to significant CV morbidity and mortality. Several drug classes that provide survival benefits for patients with HFrEF, including SGLT2i, lack data regarding their efficacy and safety in patients under chronic hemodialysis. As t...

NCT06935370 Phase: 3 Started: 2025-05-20

This study is open to adults with chronic heart failure (HF) who have a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of less than 40%. People can join the study if they have been diagnosed with chronic HF at least 3 months before they start on the study. The purpose of this study is to find out...

NCT06166654 Phase: 3 Started: 2024-09-05

This trial aims to identify the best strategy for treating acute heart failure (AHF) with volume overload in patients at risk of diuretic resistance. It is a double-blinded, randomized, controlled, multicenter study comparing loop-diuretics combined with metolazone, loop-diuretics combined with acet...

NCT06783166 Phase: 2/3 Started: 2024-08-15

This study investigates the comparative clinical outcomes of dapagliflozin, an SGLT-2 inhibitor, versus acetazolamide, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, in patients hospitalized with acute heart failure (AHF). The trial aims to assess the effectiveness of these drugs in improving natriuretic and diure...

NCT05613218 Phase: 2/3 Started: 2024-02-01

REDOX-AHF compared two oxygen saturation targets in adults admitted with acute heart failure and clinical or radiological signs of congestion. Participants were randomly assigned to a restrictive target of 89-91% or a liberal target of 95-97% for 24 hours. An automated oxygen delivery device adjuste...

NCT04983043 Phase: 2 Started: 2021-07-13

This study will evaluate the efficacy and safety and the best effective dose of QiShen YiQi Dripping Pills in the treatment of chronic heart failure with decreased ejection fraction of CHD (Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome).

NCT07687186 Phase: 3 Started: 2026-08-21

This trial will evaluate the efficacy and safety of Qishen Yiqi Dripping Pills in treatment of Chronic Heart Failure with reduced ejection fraction resorted from Coronary Heart Disease (Syndrome of Qi Deficiency with Blood Stasis).

NCT06991257 Phase: 2 Started: 2025-06-19

The purpose of this study is to learn about the safety and effects of the study medicine (PF-07328948) for the possible treatment of heart failure (HF).

NCT04944706 Phase: 2 Started: 2021-10-18

Main objective: To evaluate the efficacy, safety and clinical dose exploration of Qishen Yiqi dripping pills in the treatment of chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

NCT07569640 Phase: 3 Started: 2026-08-17

The aim of this study is to evaluate, in adults with HFrEF in Sri Lanka, the effects of an HFrEF polypill implementation strategy on the composite rate of cardiovascular disease mortality and recurrent heart failure hospitalizations, compared with usual care over a minimum of 12-months of follow-up....

NCT04945018 Phase: 1/2 Started: 2022-04-19

The purpose of this clinical study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of HS-001 CS transplanted into severe heart failure patients with underlying ischemic heart disease for 26 weeks after transplantation.

NCT02544815 Phase: 3 Started: 2023-05-01

AHFS management is challenging and most of the used drugs has failed to decrease post-discharge mortality and readmission rates which represent the most important goal in AHFS. Digoxin processes many characteristics of a beneficial drug for heart failure, however recent publications has rose concern...

NCT06677060 Phase: 3 Started: 2025-03-14

Participants include men and women ≥ 40 years of age with T2DM, established CV disease, a history of HTN with an SBP of at least 130 mmHg at screening, who meet the predefined serum potassium level, and with at least one additional risk factor for HF. The study will include an optional pre-screening...

NCT07295522 Phase: 4 Started: 2026-03-31

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether a rapid and intensive optimization of heart failure medications in women can improve outcomes after hospitalization for heart failure. It will also investigate the safety and the tolerance of these treatments when given at full guideline-recommende...


Agents Found By Disease-Level Search

Searched directly from “Heart Failure” via ClinicalTrials.gov interventions and Open Targets' disease→drug data — independent of the 9-gene target panel above. This surfaces agents whose mechanism doesn't route through a curated gene (combination therapies, standard-of-care drugs, targets outside the panel).

48 agents shown (approved or with trial evidence) — 41 not found by the gene-target search above.

omecamtiv mecarbil (CK-1827452)NOT in gene-target list

· 3 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00941681 NCT00941681 NCT00941681

Cardiac Resynchronization TherapyNOT in gene-target list

· 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03723265 NCT01577446

Sacubitril/Valsartan

· 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05243199 NCT05096039

InsulinNOT in gene-target list

· 2 trials · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01565941 NCT01565941

Cardiology Stem Cell Centre Adipose Stem Cell (CSCC_ASC)NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03092284

LevosimendanNOT in gene-target list

Phase 3 · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT03557255

Vitamin D3NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02996721

Telmisartan, BisoprololNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00562952

Finerenone (BAY94-8862)NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01807221

Inspra (eplerenone)NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01807221

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiographyNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04222764

NitriteNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01932606

Autologous bone marrow mononuclear stem cells or peripheral blood stem cellsNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00841958

Impedance cardiographyNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05480345

Sildenafil

Phase 3 · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT00763867

Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) or high-flow oxygen therapy (HFOT) using electrical impedance tomography (EIT)NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06107907

Multidisciplinary palliative care team met with patientNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00325611

Low calorie meal replacement planNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05887271

Transthoracic echocardiographyNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05887271

ElectrocardiogramNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05887271

AccelerometeryNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05887271

Skeletal muscle strength using handgrip strengthNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05887271

ReDS-GuidedNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03586336

carvedilol plus nurse managementNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00381030

Iron Sucrose IVNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04225728

Ferric polymaltose hydroxide complex IMNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04225728

Candesartan

Phase 3 · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT00634400

Angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonistsNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00001628

Left cervico-thoracic sympathetic blockadeNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01224899

Irbesartan

Unknown · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT05243199

Stepwise Withdrawal of ARNI and SGLT2iNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07631156

Continued Guideline-Directed Medical TherapyNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07631156

cyclosporine or tacrolimusNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00369382

sirolimusNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00369382

Pacing in vein at site of latest mechanical activationNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02061241

Pacing in other suitable veinNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02061241

Omecamtiv Mecarbil

Phase 3 · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT02929329

SaxagliptinNOT in gene-target list

Unknown · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT02917031

SitagliptinNOT in gene-target list

Early Phase 1 · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT02917031

Placebo to match saxagliptinNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02917031

Placebo to match sitagliptinNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02917031

DexrazoxaneNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03930680

BAY94-8862NOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01955694

Eplerenone

Approved · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT01955694

VasopressinNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05568160

Norepinephrine

Unknown · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT05568160

PrednisoneNOT in gene-target list

Phase 3 · 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov, Open Targets
NCT04654988

AzathioprineNOT in gene-target list

· 1 trial · source: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04654988

Generated by the Open Source Medicine Foundation Biomarker Pipeline — 2026-10-08. Data sources: DGIdb, Open Targets, ChEMBL, PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov. Not medical advice.