Where Macular pigment optical density is reported
Also listed as: Retinal carotenoid measure
| Condition | Direction | Compared against | Associated symptoms | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gulf War Illness | ↓ reduced | healthy Gulf War veteran controls | Ocular GWI phenotype | Baksh et al. 2021 |
Frequently asked questions
In which conditions is Macular pigment optical density altered?
In the OSMF atlas Macular pigment optical density is reported in Gulf War Illness. It is reduced in 1 across 1 entries.
Is there a standard clinical test for Macular pigment optical density?
The atlas entries for Macular pigment optical density do not carry a LOINC code, which usually means the marker was measured with research assays or study-specific methods rather than a routine clinical panel.
Is one abnormal Macular pigment optical density result diagnostic?
No single biomarker result is diagnostic of any of these conditions. Findings reflect group averages from published cohorts with substantial overlap between patients and controls.
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Last reviewed: 2026-06-29 · Browse: Biomarker Index · All marker pages · Biomarker Atlas
Disclaimer: Educational synthesis of peer-reviewed research; not medical advice. Findings are group-level and vary with study design. Discuss any result with a qualified clinician.