Peer-Reviewed Literature Synthesis

Multiple Sclerosis Biomarker Atlas

Molecular alterations reported in Multiple Sclerosis compared to healthy controls, from peer-reviewed literature.

Spontaneous remissionUntreated relapsing MS: ~1 relapse/year; disability accumulates over time in ~85% who convert to secondary progressive…
Best-intervention remissionHigh-efficacy DMTs (natalizumab, alemtuzumab, ocrelizumab, cladribine) achieve 0 clinical relapses in 50-70% at 2…
Gap sizeLarge — massive gap between platform DMT (interferons, glatiramer) and high-efficacy DMT outcomes, but practice still…
Primary barrierpractice
Full remission profile →

Literature Overview

Biomarkers below are included only where peer-reviewed literature explicitly reports the marker's direction in Multiple Sclerosis patients relative to a named comparison population — not inferred.

4
Curated markers
2
Categories

Searchable Alterations Database

Comparison populations are quoted as reported in the source literature (e.g. healthy controls, disease-matched patients).

Marker / TestDirectionCategoryvs. ComparisonClinical ContextKey Reference

Key References

Peer-Reviewed Literature

Saadeh et al. 2022

DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvac061 →
Peer-Reviewed Literature

Mukherjee et al. 2025

DOI: 10.1007/s11910-025-01432-8 →
Peer-Reviewed Literature

Chitnis et al. 2025

DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(25)00249-2 →
Disclaimer: Educational synthesis of peer-reviewed literature only — not medical advice. Markers are drawn from published disease-vs-comparison-population studies; inclusion here does not imply diagnostic or clinical validation. Consult a qualified healthcare professional for interpretation.

Part of the Open Source Medicine Foundation Network

Open Source Medicine Foundation The OSMF hub — advancing open-source biomedical research infrastructure, tools, and evidence synthesis.
SpikeProtein.site Database and research resource on SARS-CoV-2 spike protein biology, persistence, and clinical implications.
Vaccine Data Navigator Open-access navigation tool for vaccine adverse event reporting and surveillance data.
PACVS Research Summit Annual summit convening researchers, clinicians, and patients on PACVS science.